intro IT
Maria is researching different computing technologies for her school project. She comes across a definition of artificial intelligence (AI) and wonders what it entails. What does artificial intelligence primarily involve? A) Using machines to replicate human emotions. B) Utilizing computers to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. C) Designing physical components of a computer. D) Creating software that is only capable of basic calculations.
B) Utilizing computers to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
A graphic design studio requires computers that can handle high-resolution rendering and complex graphic manipulation tasks for designing advertisements and promotional materials. Which type of computer would be most appropriate? A) Supercomputer B) Workstation C) Mainframe computer D) Microcomputer
B) Workstation
Which of the following is a top-level domain (TLD)? • A. .company • B. .edu • C. .internet • D. .device
B. .edu
A company is transitioning its data infrastructure to a cloud-based solution to improve efficiency and resource utilization. They need someone to identify opportunities for migration and oversee the implementation of the cloud infrastructure. Which role is best suited for this task? A. Network Engineer B. Cloud Engineer C. Cybersecurity Architect D. Machine Learning Engineer
B. Cloud Engineer
A company has a new system design for its IT infrastructure and needs someone to ensure that the design aligns with the company's overall technology strategy, including setting goals and principles for technology use. Which IT role is responsible for this strategic oversight? A. IT Administrator B. IT Architect C. Help Desk Professional D. Development and Operational Professional (DevOps)
B. IT Architect
A tech company decides to keep its critical systems and data on-site, using its own servers and storage solutions. They handle all software and hardware management internally. Which data storage model is the company using? A. Cloud B. In-house/On-premise C. Hybrid D. Big Data
B. In-house/On-premise
A company is evaluating how to manage their data systems effectively. They need a comprehensive approach that includes hardware, software, and processes to transform raw data into useful information. This system should also support various business functions. What term best describes this comprehensive approach? A. Information Technology B. Information System C. Intranet D. Outsourcing Services
B. Information System
A technology consultant is hired to help a company improve their IT infrastructure. The consultant will assist with technical support and ensure that the IT systems are optimized for performance. What role does this consultant fulfill? A. Information System B. Information Technology C. Intranet D. Extranet
B. Information Technology
A company has a secure internal network where sensitive employee information is stored and accessed exclusively by its employees. The network allows for internal communication and resource sharing within the organization. Which type of network does this describe? A. Internet B. Intranet C. Extranet D. Outsourcing Services
B. Intranet
A company is developing a new internal system for managing employee records and confidential company data. They need to ensure that only authorized employees within the company can access this sensitive information. Which of the following would be the most appropriate technology solution for this requirement? A. Internet B. Intranet C. Extranet D. Outsourcing Services
B. Intranet
A development team is working on a new web application and needs a platform that provides the tools and environment for coding and deploying the app, without having to manage the underlying servers or infrastructure. Which cloud computing model would be most appropriate for this scenario? A. IaaS B. PaaS C. SaaS Data Management
B. PaaS
A firm is integrating new technologies into their operations and needs expert advice on how to best utilize these technologies to enhance their business processes. They require someone to develop and implement these IT systems for external clients. Which role fits this description? A. Technical Sales B. Technical Consultant C. Project Manager D. Web Developer
B. Technical Consultant
Bob is trying to understand how his web browser accesses a webpage when he types in a URL. What happens next? • A. The URL is converted directly into a domain name without using DNS. • B. The DNS server translates the URL into an IP address and then the browser requests the page from the corresponding server. • C. The browser sends the URL to the website's server directly without needing DNS. • D. The URL is ignored and the browser uses an internal cache to retrieve the webpage.
B. The DNS server translates the URL into an IP address and then the browser requests the page from the corresponding server.
What distinguishes Tier 2 ISPs from Tier 1 ISPs? • A. Tier 2 ISPs have a global reach and own their own infrastructure. • B. Tier 2 ISPs connect to Tier 1 ISPs to access the broader Internet and often serve specific geographical areas. • C. Tier 2 ISPs provide internet service directly to end-users and focus on local markets. • D. Tier 2 ISPs operate small-scale networks and focus on international WANs.
B. Tier 2 ISPs connect to Tier 1 ISPs to access the broader Internet and often serve specific geographical areas.
Sam is considering using a piece of software that allows users to modify and distribute the source code freely. What type of software licensing does this describe? A) Closed-source software B) Shareware C) Open-source software D) Freeware
C) Open-source software
What is the primary difference between Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cables? A) UTP cables have additional shielding to reduce interference, while STP cables do not. B) UTP cables support higher bandwidths compared to STP cables. C) STP cables have additional shielding to reduce interference, while UTP cables do not. D) STP cables are generally less expensive than UTP cables.
C) STP cables have additional shielding to reduce interference, while UTP cables do not.
Jennifer is configuring a network for her company and needs to ensure that devices can communicate with each other efficiently and reliably. Which protocol is fundamental to network communication, providing standardized rules for transmitting, receiving, and processing data between devices? A) HTTP B) FTP C) TCP/IP D) SMTP
C) TCP/IP
A teacher is explaining the different components of the CPU to her class, highlighting its crucial roles. Which part of the CPU is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations? A) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) B) Memory Address Register (MAR) C) Control Unit (CU) D) Program Counter (PC)
A) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Which network device is used to connect two physical network segments? A) Bridge B) Router C) Repeater D) Firewall
A) Bridge
Jordan's computer is running multiple applications simultaneously and is starting to slow down. How does the operating system manage memory in this situation? A) By using paging to rotate programs and data between primary and secondary memory. B) By increasing the size of the physical memory. C) By limiting the number of applications that can run at once. D) By compressing files to free up physical memory space.
A) By using paging to rotate programs and data between primary and secondary memory.
Michael is interested in how computer systems are organized and their basic operational model. What does the IPOS model in computer systems stand for? A) Input-Process-Output-Storage B) Instruction-Process-Output-Storage C) Input-Perform-Output-Save D) Input-Process-Operate-Store
A) Input-Process-Output-Storage
Alex is working on developing a new mobile application. He writes the source code in a high-level language, but the code needs to be translated into a form that the computer can execute. What role does the compiler play in this scenario? A) It translates the high-level source code into machine code all at once, checking for errors before creating an executable file. B) It executes the source code line by line, displaying errors immediately as they are encountered. C) It interprets the machine code, making it easier to understand for human programmers. D) It translates the entire program into binary code but does not check for errors.
A) It translates the high-level source code into machine code all at once, checking for errors before creating an executable file.
Alex is a graphic designer and needs a tool for editing high-resolution images. They also want a program to help manage their client information. Which type of software should Alex use for image editing and which for managing client information? A) Specialized software for image editing (e.g., Photoshop) and productivity software for managing client information (e.g., Excel). B) Collaboration software for image editing (e.g., Sharepoint) and specialized software for managing client information (e.g., Quicken). C) Productivity software for image editing (e.g., Word) and specialized software for managing client information (e.g., Google Calendar). D) Specialized software for image editing (e.g., Photoshop) and collaboration software for managing client information (e.g., Gmail).
A) Specialized software for image editing (e.g., Photoshop) and productivity software for managing client information (e.g., Excel).
Emma is setting up a new computer system at her office. She needs to understand the different components of a computer system and how they work together. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the components of a computer system in terms of input, process, and output? A) The CPU processes data from input devices and stores it on the hard disk, which is then output through the monitor. B) Input devices collect data and send it directly to storage devices without any processing. The CPU only manages output devices. C) The monitor and speakers are used to process data, while the keyboard and mouse are responsible for output storage. D) Storage devices handle data processing, while the CPU is used exclusively for data input and output.
A) The CPU processes data from input devices and stores it on the hard disk, which is then output through the monitor.
What is the primary function of a network? A) To exchange data and share resources among connected devices. B) To connect multiple devices to a power source. C) To increase the speed of data transfer between devices. D) To convert digital data into analog signals.
A) To exchange data and share resources among connected devices.
What significant technology development occurred in 1946 -1959? A) Vacuum tubes B) Transistors C) Integrated circuits D) Punch cards
A) Vacuum tubes
How did the internet initially develop? • A. As a research project funded by DARPA in the early 1960s • B. As a commercial venture in the late 1980s • C. As a global social network starting in the early 2000s • D. As a private network created by tech companies in the 1970s
A. As a research project funded by DARPA in the early 1960s
A tech company decides to move its critical systems and data off-site, via cloud based service. The provider will handle all software and hardware management. Which data storage model is the company using? A. Cloud B. In-house/On-premise C. Hybrid D. Big Data
A. Cloud
An IT team wants to rent virtual servers and storage on a pay-as-you-go basis to handle fluctuating workloads and scale resources as needed. Which cloud computing model should they choose? A. IaaS B. PaaS C. SaaS D. Data Architecture
A. IaaS
Carol enters a website address into her browser. How does the Domain Name Server (DNS) assist in accessing the website? • A. It translates the domain name into an IP address that is used to locate and connect to the website's server. • B. It stores the website's data and serves it directly to the browser. • C. It encrypts the data for security before sending it to the browser. • D. It manages the bandwidth between the user's device and the website's server.
A. It translates the domain name into an IP address that is used to locate and connect to the website's server.
Sam is developing a large-scale software application that requires robust performance and structured development. Which language characteristic would best support Sam's project needs? A) A scripting language that is interpreted line by line. B) A compiled language that is translated all at once into machine code. C) A language designed for automation and small scripts. D) A language optimized for quick debugging and rapid development.
B) A compiled language that is translated all at once into machine code.
Emma is working on a project that requires rapid development and easier debugging for a small automation task. Which type of language would be most appropriate for Emma's project? A) A compiled language like C++ or Java. B) A scripting language like Python or PHP. C) A low-level language like assembly. D) A markup language like HTML.
B) A scripting language like Python or PHP.
Who is considered the world's first programmer? A) Charles Babbage B) Ada Lovelace C) Herman Hollerith D) Steve Jobs
B) Ada Lovelace
A company wants to develop a software solution tailored specifically to its unique business processes. They are willing to invest time and money to ensure the software meets their exact needs. Which category of software architecture is most suitable for the company's requirements? A) Off-the-shelf software, as it is pre-made and ready to use. B) Bespoke software, as it is customized to meet the company's specific needs. C) Hybrid software, as it offers some flexibility but is not fully customized. D) Public domain software, as it is free and can be modified.
B) Bespoke software, as it is customized to meet the company's specific needs.
A company is setting up a new network where multiple users need to access a centralized database and share resources efficiently. Which network design would be most appropriate for a company where resources are centralized and managed by one or more servers? A) Peer-to-Peer Network B) Client-to-Server Network C) Ad Hoc Network D) Wireless Network
B) Client-to-Server Network
What was the main innovation Tim Berners-Lee introduced in the late 1980s that led to the development of the World Wide Web? A) The creation of a new type of internet server. B) Combining internet technology with hypertext to link documents. C) The development of email protocols for better communication. D) The design of a new type of computer hardware for web browsing.
B) Combining internet technology with hypertext to link documents.
During a discussion on different types of computers, Sarah learns about the characteristics of mainframes. What is a typical use case for a mainframe computer? A) Personal gaming and web browsing. B) Critical applications requiring extensive data processing in large organizations. C) Simple tasks such as document editing
B) Critical applications requiring extensive data processing in large organizations.
Tom is troubleshooting network issues and needs to understand how data is transmitted across the network. What is the term for a unit of data that is transmitted across a network, containing both the data being sent and control information for routing? A) Data B) Data Packet C) Data Segment D) Data Break
B) Data Packet
Jordan is compiling a program written in C++. The compiler has flagged several errors in the source code. What is the appropriate course of action Jordan should take? A) Ignore the errors and attempt to run the program. B) Debug and fix the errors before recompiling the source code to ensure a successful compilation. C) Translate the program into machine code manually to bypass the compiler errors. D) Switch to a scripting language to avoid compilation errors altogether.
B) Debug and fix the errors before recompiling the source code to ensure a successful compilation.
What was a major outcome of Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak's work in 1976? A) Creation of the first laptop B) Establishment of Apple Computer, Inc. and the first viable home computer C) Introduction of the internet D) Development of Microsoft software
B) Establishment of Apple Computer, Inc. and the first viable home computer
Jordan downloads a program for personal use that is available for free with no time limitations, but is still protected by end-user license agreements. Which type of software packaging does this program represent? A) Shareware B) Freeware C) Public Domain D) Proprietary
B) Freeware
What is the primary function of the system clock in a computer system? A) It provides power to the motherboard. B) It sends electric pulses at regular intervals to synchronize the operation of electronic components. C) It connects peripheral devices to the motherboard. D) It stores temporary data during processing.
B) It sends electric pulses at regular intervals to synchronize the operation of electronic components.
Riley needs a program that can compress large files to save space on their computer. They also want a tool for handling network communications. What type of software would Riley use to accomplish these tasks? A) Application software C) Server software B) Utility software
B) Utility software
Which of the following is a characteristic of Tier 1 ISPs? • A. They focus on specific regions or cities and engage in peering agreements with Tier 2 ISPs. • B. They provide internet service directly to end-users, such as residential customers. • C. They operate large, global networks with extensive backbone connections and often own infrastructure like fiber-optic cables. • D. They rely on Tier 3 ISPs for their upstream connectivity.
C. They operate large, global networks with extensive backbone connections and often own infrastructure like fiber-optic cables.
Frank wants to set up a system for internet-based voice communication. Which technology should he use? • A. SMTP • B. POP3 • C. VoIP • D. IMAP
C. VoIP
A small business finds it financially challenging to maintain a full-time IT department. They are considering options to manage their IT needs more cost-effectively. Which option would help the business access specialized IT support without employing full-time staff? A. Internal IT Team B. Extranet C. Intranet D. Outsourcing Services
D. Outsourcing Services
David is configuring email services for his company and needs to choose the right protocol for sending emails. Which protocol should he use to ensure reliable email delivery? • A. HTTP • B. POP3 • C. MAP • D. SMTP
D. SMTP
What is the primary function of an Internet Service Provider (ISP)? • A. To develop new internet technologies • B. To regulate internet content • C To create and maintain domain names • D To provide access to the Internet
D. To provide access to the Internet
What is the role of the Domain Name System (DNS)? • A. To assign numerical IP addresses to every device on the Internet • B. To manage the bandwidth between different ISPs • C. To regulate the content available on the Internet • D. To translate domain names into IP addresses
D. To translate domain names into IP addresses
An executive makes strategic decisions based on long-term trends and projections derived from data analytics, including future market trends and potential business risks. Which level of the DIKW hierarchy does the executive's decision-making process represent? A. Data B. Information C. Knowledge D. Wisdom
D. Wisdom
Gina is deciding between on-demand streaming and broadcasting for her video content. What is a key difference between these two methods? • A. On-demand streaming allows users to view content at any time, while broadcasting sends content to multiple users simultaneously. • B. Broadcasting allows users to choose when to watch, while on-demand streaming is available only at scheduled times. • C. On-demand streaming requires content to be pre-recorded, whereas broadcasting can be live. • D. Broadcasting offers better quality than on-demand streaming.
A. On-demand streaming allows users to view content at any time, while broadcasting sends content to multiple users simultaneously.
Which statement accurately describes Tier 3 ISPs? • A. They connect to Tier 2 ISPs to access the Internet and provide service directly to end-users such as residential customers. • B. They operate extensive global networks and often engage in peering agreements with Tier 1 ISPs. • C. They focus on international WANs and often own infrastructure like undersea cables. • D. They primarily serve specific countries, regions, or cities and engage in peering agreements with other Tier 2 ISPs.
A. They connect to Tier 2 ISPs to access the Internet and provide service directly to end-users such as residential customers.
What is the purpose of an IP address in internet communication? • A. To ensure that data packets are delivered to the correct destination • B. To translate domain names into human-readable format • C. To identify the geographic location of a device • D. To encrypt data sent over the Internet
A. To ensure that data packets are delivered to the correct destination
Taylor has just bought a new desktop computer. The computer comes pre-installed with an operating system that manages all other programs and hardware components. What role does the operating system play in Taylor's computer? A) It provides physical hardware for the computer to function. B) It translates user commands into a form the hardware can understand and execute. C) It stores data and files in physical storage devices like hard drives and SSDs. D) It creates and manages network connections between different devices
B) It translates user commands into a form the hardware can understand and execute.
Sam is considering using a new software program for their business. They find that the software's source code is available for modification and distribution by anyone. What type of software licensing does this program fall under? A) Closed-Source Software B) Open-Source Software C) Shareware D) Public Domain
B) Open-Source Software
Lisa is working on a graphic design project and needs to ensure her computer can handle multiple applications smoothly. Which component is crucial for temporarily storing data created by programs to allow for multitasking? A) Hard Drive B) RAM C) CPU D) GPU
B) RAM
Jamie is setting up a new computer system for a small business. They need to identify which components of the system are intangible and which are physical. Which of the following correctly categorizes the components Jamie will be working with? A) Hardware includes Word and Excel, while software includes the physical components of the computer. B) Software includes Word and Excel, while hardware includes the physical components of the computer like the CPU and monitor. C) Hardware includes Sharepoint and Google Drive, while software includes the physical components of the computer. D) Software includes the CPU and monitor, while hardware includes Word and Excel.
B) Software includes Word and Excel, while hardware includes the physical components of the computer like the CPU and monitor.
A manufacturing plant is using a computer system designed specifically to control and monitor its production machinery. What type of computer system is being used in the manufacturing plant to manage its production machinery? A) General-Purpose Computer System B) Special-Purpose Computer System C) Networking System D) Development System
B) Special-Purpose Computer System
Which type of computer is most suitable for a research laboratory that needs to run complex simulations of molecular interactions and genetic modeling? A) Mainframe computer B) Supercomputer C) Workstation D) Microcomputer
B) Supercomputer
Jordan is trying to understand the distinction between system software and application software. They are comparing software that manages computer hardware versus software that performs specific tasks for users. How does system software differ from application software? A) System software is used for editing images, while application software manages hardware. B) System software controls hardware and provides a platform for other software, while application software performs specific tasks for users. C) System software includes web browsers and word processors, while application software includes operating systems and firmware. D) System software is not needed for computer operation, while application software is essential for hardware communication.
B) System software controls hardware and provides a platform for other software, while application software performs specific tasks for users.
What was the primary use of punched cards in the 1890 US census? A) Weaving designs B) Tabulation process C) Programming machines D) Storing data
B) Tabulation process
Who proposed the system that became known as the World Wide Web? A) Bill Gates B) Tim Berners-Lee C) Howard Aiken D) Steve Wozniak
B) Tim Berners-Lee
What is the role of a router in a network? A) To convert analog signals into digital data. B) To connect multiple devices to the internet and manage traffic between them. C) To provide wireless connectivity to network devices. D) To extend the range of network cabling.
B) To connect multiple devices to the internet and manage traffic between them.
A company's IT department is implementing middleware to improve communication between different software applications and hardware components. What is the primary role of middleware in a computer system? A) To provide a user interface for interacting with the computer B) To enable communication and data sharing between software and hardware components C) To store data permanently on the hard drive D) To manage network traffic and security
B) To enable communication and data sharing between software and hardware components
The marketing team needs to use data to improve their strategies and decisions. They need to ensure that the data and information systems support their business goals effectively. Why is it important for data and information systems to support business goals and processes? A) To ensure that the system can run multiple applications simultaneously B) To help understand and improve business processes through insightful data analysis C) To guarantee that all network devices are compatible with each other D) To provide continuous power supply to all computer components
B) To help understand and improve business processes through insightful data analysis
What is the primary function of a firewall in a network? A) To convert digital data into analog signals for transmission. B) To monitor and block network traffic based on security rules. C) To extend the range of a network signal. D) To connect multiple devices within a local network.
B) To monitor and block network traffic based on security rules.
Alex is trying to connect a new Bluetooth headset to their computer, but the device is not functioning correctly. What might be required to resolve this issue? A) Install a new operating system. B) Update or install the appropriate device driver for the Bluetooth headset. C) Replace the Bluetooth headset with a wired one. D) Reboot the computer to refresh the hardware connections.
B) Update or install the appropriate device driver for the Bluetooth headset.
Patents have been granted to a company for a unique algorithm used in their software application, which improves processing speed. What type of patent protects this algorithm? A) Design patent, as it protects the visual appearance of the software. B) Utility patent, as it protects the function and process of the algorithm. C) Copyright, as it protects the specific coding of the algorithm. D) Public domain, as it allows free access and modification of the algorithm.
B) Utility patent, as it protects the function and process of the algorithm.
Jamie has installed a new software program on their computer that helps them write reports, create spreadsheets, and manage personal information. This software performs specific tasks for Jamie's needs. What type of software is Jamie using? A) System Software B) Operating System C) Application Software D) Firmware
C) Application Software
Lisa is setting up a new computer system and needs to distinguish between hardware and software components. Which of the following is considered a hardware component of a computer system? A) Operating System B) Application Software C) CPU D) Word Processor E)All of the above F)None of the above
C) CPU
What is the primary purpose of an abacus? A) Storing data B) Performing complex calculations C) Carrying out additions with a human operator D) Printing documents
C) Carrying out additions with a human operator
Where are expansion cards typically installed in a computer system? B) ROM chips A) CPU C) Expansion slots D) Ports
C) Expansion slots
Riley is choosing between using a local application installed on their computer and a cloud-based application that they can access through the internet. What is a key difference between local applications and cloud-based applications? A) Local applications are accessed through the internet, while cloud-based applications are stored on the user's computer. B) Cloud-based applications are installed on the user's computer, while local applications are accessed via the internet. C) Local applications are stored on the user's computer, while cloud-based applications are stored and managed on the provider's servers and accessed through the internet. D) There is no difference; both types of applications are managed and stored on the user's computer.
C) Local applications are stored on the user's computer, while cloud-based applications are stored and managed on the provider's servers and accessed through the internet.
Which of the following machines was an early electromechanical computer? A) ENIAC B) Atanasoff-Berry machine C) Mark 1 D) Colossus
C) Mark 1
Which of the following wireless technologies is designed for short-range communication and operates within a few centimeters? A) Wi-Fi B) Bluetooth C) Near-Field Communication (NFC) D) Microwave
C) Near-Field Communication (NFC)
Alex is transitioning from using a Windows PC to a Linux system. They need to understand the differences in file management between the two operating systems. What is a key difference in file management between Windows and Linux systems? A) Windows uses forward slashes (/) for directory paths, while Linux uses backward slashes (). B) Windows is case-sensitive when searching for files, whereas Linux is not case-sensitive. C) The root directory in Windows is referred to by a letter, commonly C drive, whereas in Linux, it is expressed as a single forward slash (/). D) The user's home directory in Windows is located within /home/, while in Linux, it is found within C:\Users.
C) The root directory in Windows is referred to by a letter, commonly C drive, whereas in Linux, it is expressed as a single forward slash (/).
How did the invention of transistors impact computing technology? A) They made computers larger and more expensive B) They were primarily used in mainframe computers C) They allowed for integration of multiple circuits and reduced the size of computers D) They replaced all mechanical systems
C) They allowed for integration of multiple circuits and reduced the size of computers
John is attending a tech conference and hears about quantum computing's advantages over classic computers. What is a key benefit of quantum computers? A) They are cheaper to produce than classic computers. B) They are easier to program than classic computers C) They solve specific problems faster by using quantum mechanics.
C) They solve specific problems faster by using quantum mechanics.
What distinguishes fiber optic cables from other transmission media? A) They use electromagnetic waves to transmit data. B) They transmit data using electrical signals over copper wires. C) They use light reflection through a core made of glass or plastic. D) They are less capable of handling large volumes of data compared to coaxial cables.
C) They use light reflection through a core made of glass or plastic.
Emma is trying to understand how data is transferred within her computer system. She learns about different types of buses. What is the primary function of the data bus in a computer? A) To send control signals from the CPU. B) To connect external devices to the motherboard. C) To carry actual data between the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices.
C) To carry actual data between the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices.
An e-commerce company notices that some customer records in their database have multiple entries for the same person, leading to confusion in order fulfillment and customer service. What data issue is described in this scenario? A. Incomplete Data B. Outdated Data C. Duplicate Records D. Improper Formatting
C. Duplicate Records
An organization wants to make certain resources available to external third-party consultants who need access to specific company data for their work. The data should be securely shared without giving them access to the entire internal network. Which technology should the organization use? A. Internet B. Intranet C. Extranet D. Outsourcing Services
C. Extranet
Julia is working on a project involving data representation and web page design. She needs to choose between HTML and XML. Which statement best describes their primary difference? A) HTML focuses on data semantics, while XML focuses on presentation and appearance. B) XML is used for designing documents with tags for presentation, while HTML is used for representing structured data. C) HTML emphasizes the appearance of content on the web, while XML focuses on the structure and meaning of data. D) XML is used for web page design, while HTML is used for email communication.
C. HTML emphasizes the appearance of content on the web, while XML focuses on the structure and meaning of data.
An organization finds that its sales reports are inconsistent due to varying formats of date entries (e.g., MM/DD/YYYY vs. DD/MM/YYYY) across different datasets. What data quality issue needs to be addressed? A. Duplicate Records B. Outdated Data C. Improper Formatting D. Incomplete Data
C. Improper Formatting
Emma is learning about web technologies and comes across HTTP. How does HTTP contribute to web communication? • A. It handles the storage of web pages on the server. • B. It encrypts web page data to ensure security. • C. It defines how data should be requested and delivered over the web, ensuring proper communication between browsers and servers. • D. It provides IP addresses for each device connected to the Internet.
C. It defines how data should be requested and delivered over the web, ensuring proper communication between browsers and servers.
A company collects customer feedback in the form of text reviews, social media comments, and video interviews. This data is stored in various formats and needs to be analyzed to gain insights. Why is merging unstructured and structured data essential for this analysis? A. It ensures data is easily readable by all users. B. It improves data security and privacy. C. It helps discover hidden connections and strengthens decision-making. D. It simplifies the backup process.
C. It helps discover hidden connections and strengthens decision-making.
What happens to data when it is transmitted over the Internet? • A. It is sent as a single continuous stream to the destination. • B. It is encrypted and sent directly without being split into packets. • C. It is broken down into smaller chunks called packets and sent through the Internet. • D. It is stored temporarily on local servers before being sent to the destination.
C. It is broken down into smaller chunks called packets and sent through the Internet.
A data analyst reviews historical sales data and identifies patterns that suggest a seasonal increase in sales during the holiday period. This pattern helps the company plan inventory and marketing strategies for the upcoming holiday season. What level of the DIKW hierarchy does the analyst's insight represent? A. Data B. Information C. Knowledge D. Wisdom
C. Knowledge
A company needs to migrate its on-premise email server to a cloud-based solution to reduce costs and improve scalability. They choose a service that provides the email application over the internet and manages all underlying infrastructure. Which cloud computing model best describes this service? A. IaaS B. PaaS C. SaaS D. Big Data
C. SaaS
An organization is looking to improve its internal communication and collaboration systems by integrating new IT solutions that align with its business objectives and support various organizational processes. Which area of IT is most focused on this integration and alignment with business goals? A. Information Technology (IT) B. Computer Engineering (CE) C. Software Engineering (SE) D. Information Systems (IS)
D. Information Systems (IS)
What year did IBM introduce its first personal computer (PC)? A) 1976 B) 2000 C) 1990 D) 1981
D) 1981
Sam is working on a project to ensure that their company's IT policies cover the necessary aspects to secure data and manage user issues effectively. Which of the following is NOT typically a focus of IT policies? A) Track security requirements B) Prevent data leaks C) Manage escalations and resolution of user issues D) Develop new hardware components
D) Develop new hardware components
An organization needs a computer system that can support thousands of simultaneous users accessing a centralized database for online transaction processing. Which type of computer should they consider? A) Workstation B) Microcomputer C) Supercomputer D) Mainframe computer
D) Mainframe computer
A small startup company wants to equip its employees with computers for daily office tasks such as word processing, email, and spreadsheet management. Which type of computer would be the most cost-effective choice? A) Workstation B) Supercomputer C) Mainframe computer D) Microcomputer
D) Microcomputer
A university department needs computers for students and faculty members to conduct research, write papers, and prepare presentations. They also require mobility and flexibility. Which type of computer would best meet their needs? A) Mainframe computer B) Workstation C) Supercomputer D) Microcomputer
D) Microcomputer
Alex is evaluating the effectiveness of an information system in a healthcare organization. The system collects patient data, processes it, and stores the information for future use. Which component of the information system is responsible for transforming raw data into meaningful information? A) Storage B) Output C) Input D) Process
D) Process
Which component of the motherboard is responsible for storing instructions and data while they are being used, but loses its contents when the computer is turned off? A) CPU B) ROM chips C) Expansion slots D) RAM
D) RAM
During a hardware upgrade, Alex learns about different types of storage devices available for his computer. What is a significant difference between a hard disk drive (HDD) and a solid-state drive (SSD)? A) HDDs use static flash memory, while SSDs use spinning magnetic disks.n 1 B) HDDs are faster than SSDs. C) HDDs are non-volatile, whereas SSDs are volatile. D) SSDs are faster than HDDs due to the absence of moving parts.
D) SSDs are faster than HDDs due to the absence of moving parts.
A company collects raw sales figures from different regional offices. This data includes transaction numbers, amounts, and timestamps, but it hasn't yet been analyzed or organized. What is this raw data considered before any processing or organization? A. Information B. Knowledge C. Wisdom D. Data
D. Data
Liam is analyzing different URLs to understand their structure. Which part of the URL specifies the location of a document on the server? • A. Protocol • B. Domain • C. Subdomain • D. Directory-path and document_name
D. Directory-path and document_name
