Intro to Computer

GPU (graphics processing unit)

The ___ is a computer within your computer that creates images.

native

The actual number of pixels (resolution) in a monitor is called ______resolution.

native resolution

The actual number of pixels in a monitor is called ___

clock

The amount of instructions the CPU can process per second is dictated by the ___

embedded

The computer that can be found inside a programmable coffee pot is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.

decode

The instructions are converted into something the computer can understand

ROM (read only memory)

The instructions needed to boot-up a computer, such as the basic input/output system (BIOS), are typically stored in _____.

system

The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.

Hardware

The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit (like the tower unit shown) or a monitor are referred to as computer

store

The results are placed in memory before the next instruction is executed

L1

The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.

pixel, 3

The smallest element of an image is called a __ and is usually composed of __ colors.

laptop

This personal computer is called a notebook or a ______ It is popular with students because it is relatively affordable and powerful and the integrated keyboard makes it easy to input text.

multi

Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a _______-core processor.

File Server

Used for data storage.

Web Server

Used to control access to resources on the Web.

not saved

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?

File Server Network Server Web Server

Which three are common types of servers?

Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Mobile Full operating system

Which three are commonly associated with laptop computers?

Full operating system Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Mobile

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Mobile Full operating system

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

An operating system A universal serial bus (USB) port

Which two items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive? Multiple select question.

serial

A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal ___ Bus

processor

All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___

fetcn

An instruction is obtained from memory

defrag

As you use your hard drive new files will be deleted and added. This can create a slower, more disorganized hard drive. To speed it up you may want to _____ your hard drive. This process reduces unused disk sectors.

bluetooth

Because its radio waves can pass through walls or desktops, ___-capable devices have become very popular.

Thumb Drives (USB or Flash Drives)

Because they are inexpensive and reliable ___ have become extremely popular storage devices.

higher

Because they have no moving parts, solid-state drives (SSDs) costs tend to be ___.

much smaller than computer's RAM

Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.

overclocking

Changing processor setting so that computer runs faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called __.

this pc

Checking the hard drive on a device running Windows 10 can be done using the _____ app.

clock rate

Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.

storage

Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.

all-in-one

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

desktop

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

caches

Memory and______hold data used by processors.

L1 cache

Memory located directly on the processor itself

Choice L3 cache

Memory located next to the processor

Disk cache

Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency

1-4 gigahertz

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ___

32 or 64

Processors typically have a word size of either ___ or ___.

bit

Represented by either a 0 or 1, a ____ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process.

embedded

Small computers can be found in many devices such as anti-lock brakes, programmable coffee pots and thermostats. They come with real time operating system (RTOS).

apps (applications)

Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .

ascii

Some computers use _____ , an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.

Terabytes, Gigabytes

Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?

Mainframe

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a

Laptop, Smartphone, and Gaming console

devices that are computers

The clock speed is the base speed at which the processor performs the machine cycle each second. Clock speed is sometimes called clock rate. Increasing the clock speed of a processor is called overclocking.

three correct statements regarding clock speed?

Extremely fast No moving parts

two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).

Equal to 8 bits Each number, special character, and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte

two statements that are correct regarding a byte?

unicode

A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, uses 16 bits to represent information.

server

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a

Computer

A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a

storage

A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device. Multiple choice question.

Laptop

A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.

single-core processor

A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.

protocol

A set of rules for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called a

capacity

Hard drive ________ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.

multimedia

High-Definition________ Interface is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals.

tablet computer

Highly mobile—you can use it while standing or walking around

laptop computer

Hinged, clamshell-type mobile computer

Processing

IPOS refers to the four basic computing functions. IPOS stands for Input, ___, Output, and Storage.

cache

In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a _____.

infrared

IrDA stands for the ______ Data Association which establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer.

desktop

It is important to be able to identify the different types of computers. For example, what do you call a computer that has a separate chassis (or tower) that connects to separate peripherals such as the monitor, keyboard, and mouse?

Network Server

Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.

all in one

A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):

slower

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.

machine

Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle. Multiple choice question.

ethernet

Fill in the blank question. Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called _____cables.

electronic (solid state)

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts. Multiple choice question.

holds data and programs being used by the processor.

Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___

Mainframe

More powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer. , Choice Not designed to calculate huge formulas, but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously. , Choice Often operated by businesses such as large banks or credit card companies.

Supercomputer

Most powerful type of computer. , Choice Many of these are owned by research universities and government agencies such as the NSA. , Choice NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations that might indicate additional planets in the solar system

desktop computer

Not mobile, but allows for relatively easy upgrade and expansion.

all in one computer

Not mobile, but since most of its components are housed behind the monitor it takes relatively little space on your desk.

overclocking

Running the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called _____. This can increase performance and speed, but also can also void the manufacturer warranty.

802.11

There are many protocols that are used to help streamline the communication of all digital devices. For example, Wi-Fi uses the _____ protocol. This protocol ensures that devices enabled with Wi-Fi can connect to any Wi-Fi network.

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.

diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen.

Screen size is measured by the ___.

embedded

The computer that can be found inside a programmable coffee pot is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system. Multiple choice question.

execute

The processor completes the instruction

An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor.

Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?

An operating system A universal serial bus (USB) port

Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive?

Overclocking

___ can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.

diagonally

Screen size is measured pixels _____from one corner of the screen to the other.

Footprint

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.

storage of data

The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input2 - process data into information3 - present output4 - provide __

super computers

The most powerful computers, ------ can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.

motherboard

The system unit of a computer houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the

disk

The windows 10 app used remove unwanted files from your computer's hard drive is called _____ Cleanup.

Hardware

Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?