Intro to Digital Forensics - Chapter 08 Review Questions

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When working with image files, computer investigators also need to be aware of ____ laws to guard against copyright violations.

copyright

The JFIF ____ format has a hexadecimal value of FFD8 FFE0 in the first four bytes.

JPEG

____ compression compresses data by permanently discarding bits of information in the file.

Lossy

The Internet is the best source for learning more about file formats and their extensions.

True

With many computer forensics tools, you can open files with external viewers.

True

collection of pixels stored in rows to make images easy to print

Raster image

____ has been used to protect copyrighted material by inserting digital watermarks into a file.

Stenography

If you can't open a graphics file in an image viewer, the next step is to examine the file's ____.

header data

____ images store graphics information as grids of pixels.

Bitmap

Gnome graphics editor

GIMP

Graphics file format that uses lossy compression

JPEG

Operating systems do not have tools for recovering image files.

False

Steganography cannot be used with file formats other than image files.

False

The ____ header starts with hexadecimal 49 49 2A and has an offset of four bytes of 5C 01 00 00 20 65 58 74 65 6E 64 65 64 20 03.

XIF

____ steganography places data from the secret file into the host file without displaying the secret data when you view the host file in its associated program.

Insertion

The simplest way to access a file header is to use a(n) ____ editor

hexadecimal

Determines the amount of detail that is displayed

Resolution

Bitmap images are collections of dots, or pixels, in a grid format that form a graphic.

True

Private-sector cases, such as employee abuse investigations, might not specify limitations in recovering data.

True

Under copyright laws, maps and architectural plans may be registered as pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works .

True

____ steganography replaces bits of the host file with other bits of data.

Substitution

The two major forms of steganography are insertion and substitution.

True

Most digital photographs are stored in the ____ format.

XIF

A disk editor tool

Hex Workshop

The uppercase letter ____ has a hexadecimal value 41.

A

Drawing program that creates vector files

Adobe Illustrator

You use ____ to create, modify, and save bitmap, vector, and metafile graphics.

Graphics Editor

Combinations of bitmap and vector images

Metafile graphics

____ are based on mathematical instructions that define lines, curves, text, ovals, and other geometric shapes.

Vector graphics

Under copyright laws, computer programs may be registered as ____.

literary works

Recovering fragments of a file is called ____.

carving

The process of converting raw picture data to another format is referred to as ____.

demosaicing

Graphics file format that uses lossless compression

PNG

____ is a data-hiding technique that uses host files to cover the contents of a secret message.

Steganography

Steganalysis tools are also called ____.

steg tools

A graphics program creates and saves one of three types of image files: bitmap, vector, or XIF.

False

All TIF files start at position zero (offset 0 is the first byte of a file) with hexadecimal 49 49 3B.

False

Process of coding of data from a larger form to a smaller form

Data compression

Short for "picture elements"

Pixels

The image format XIF is derived from the more common ____ file format.

TIF

If a graphics file is fragmented across areas on a disk, you must recover all the fragments before re-creating the file.

True


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