Intro. to Education Unit 1

The US is undergoing some significant population changes. As of 2015, minority students in the nation are projected to make up what percentage of the school-age population?

43%

According to Ryan and Cooper, what is the best definition of "education"?

A continual growth process whereby a person gains greater understanding of himself in the world

What is most commonly used criterion for identifying gifted students?

Academic record

How could one describe the anticipated proportional growth trends among the various ethnic groups?

Asian Americans, Hispanics, and African Americans will make significant gains in growth, whereas white will experience a decline in growth

What student group is most likely underrepresented because of current gifted identification practices?

Economically disadvantaged minority students

Ms. O'Neill knows that Song feels proud of herself when she can construct something. Therefore, Ms. O'Neill provides Song with many opportunities to make models, draw pictures, and create objects. After Song has completed one of her creations, Ms. O'Neill can tell that she has fulfilled her needs for power (self-esteem) and fun. Ms. O'Neill's classroom practices are clearly influenced by

Glasser's Choice of Theory

Why have gifted and talented programs met with resistance from many Americans?

Having a gifted and talented program, to some, implies superiority or elitism disliked by many Americans

According to William Glasser's Choice Theory, why would a person feel discontented or unsatisfied with his or her life?

He has unmet basic needs and does not have the capacity to attain personal empowerment

If cultural pluralism were part of a U.S. school, how would that affect a group of immigrant students from Portugal?

The Portuguese students would be encouraged to treasure their culture, and teachers would provide ways for the U.S. students to learn about life in Portugal

Mr. and Mrs. Wells are meeting with their daughter's teacher to discuss her individualized education plan (IEP) for the next school year. Their daughter, Donna, has a learning disability that affects her reading skills. When Mr. and Mrs. Wells review Donna's IEP, they should expect to find

The services that will be provided by the schools for Donna during the upcoming year and an assessment plan

According to the Shopping Mall High School , how do many teachers deal with classroom management?

They make tacit agreements with their students that neither will push the other too hard

What is the purpose of multiculturalism in schools?

To reduce prejudice, foster tolerance, and improve the academic achievement of minority students

Tina suffered a vicious assault when she was a college senior and still feels the aftereffects. Now, several years later, she actively organizes rape awareness seminars for her high school students. During a recent class discussion about date rape, one student raised the possibility that people can be, at times, wrongfully accused. Tina barely contained her anger and dismissed the student's comment immediately. What does this scenario suggest? a. Tina's effectiveness as a teacher may be diminished because of her unresolved personal problems b. Tina must continue to work to raise students' awareness about violence in contemporary society d. Tina needs to improve her classroom management skills

a. Tina's effectiveness as a teacher may be diminished because of her unresolved personal problems

Cleo, an earth science teacher, spends considerable time working with her students on environmental projects that demand their critical-thinking and problem-solving skills. Most recently, they have been working on a project exploring groundwater contamination and its effects on the environment. Cleo most likely sees the purpose of her teaching as a means of a. aiding in the renewal of society b. preparing her students for the expectations of college c. gaining recognition for her innovative teaching methods d. helping students memorize important facts in science

a. aiding in the renewal of society

In his study, Philip Jackson noted that teachers engage in hundreds of interchanges a day. He found that most of these interchanges involved the teacher a. directing and controlling discussion b. sharing responsibility for the flow of the discussion with selected students c. speaking to colleagues and administrators d. seeking information for the students

a. directing and controlling discussion

Reid firmly believes that the purposes of schools is to transmit dominant American culture. What might he do in class to further his educational goals? a. emphasize the benefits of competition and consistently reward students who perform better than their classmates b. take his students on field trips to museums, theaters, and music halls c. frequently tell students that they must create their own meaning and search for their purpose in life. d. emphasize cooperative learning and peer tutoring

a. emphasize the benefits of competition and consistently reward students who perform better than their classmates

During Noam's twelve years of teaching, he has coached an award-winning chemistry team, successfully taught advanced placement chemistry, chaperoned numerous overnight camping trips, coached girls' volleyball team, and worked as a class advisor. In his career, Noam is probably most rewarded by a. his actual work with adolescents b. the prestige of being a chemistry teacher c. the power he has over the lives of so many d. his salary and stipends earned as a coach and advisor

a. his actual work with adolescents

A person who enters teaching because of an overwhelming love of a certain subject matter must guard against a. impatience with students who don't share that passion b. arrogance for knowing more than his or her students c. choosing teaching for the wrong reason d. there is nothing this person should guard against

a. impatience with students who don't share that passion

The Allen Elementary School is in the midst of revising its curricula. Some community members are asking that the school pay more attention to cultural pluralism. Which of the following might the residents like to see in the curriculum? a. more attention given to the contributions of nonwhite, non-Europeans to the development of the U.S. b. a two-pronged curriculum with two social studies texts, one written from an Anglocentric perspective and one from an African American perspective c. new emphasis on anthropology as part of the social studies curriculum d. Greater focus on classical literature

a. more attention given to the contributions of nonwhite, non-Europeans to the development of the U.S.

Which of the following would an educator who is a democratic reconstructionist support? a. student involvement in local government with the expressed intention of maintaining the security and the stability of the status quo b. the perspective that social problems are best solved by government officials whom citizens select c. students single-mindedly preparing for their own individual success d. the notion that change happens most effectively when citizens are actively involved as change agents

a. student involvement in local government with the expressed intention of maintaining the security and the stability of the status quo

What could one reasonably conclude from Jackson's observations of elementary classrooms? a. the structure of the elementary classroom requires students to develop self restraint and patience b. Elementary classrooms are structured to fulfill the needs of every child c. classrooms are designed to make children resourceful with their time d. the elementary classroom structure caters to precocious children, generally ignoring the particular needs of the children

a. the structure of the elementary classroom requires students to develop self restraint and patience

Juan, a talented young artist, has already had some of his watercolors displayed at showings. In addition to painting, he also enjoys teaching young children how to paint. He feels strongly that art should be of every child's education. If Juan decides to become an art teacher, which of the following extrinsic rewards will he most certainly experience? a. The status and recognition of being an accomplished teacher b. A generous work schedule, providing him time to paint c. A secure and high salary d. The sense of power that he will be able to change curriculum

b. A generous work schedule, providing him time to paint

Which of the following is the best indicator that you will be satisfied teaching? a. Listening to your parents, friends, and others who know you will communicate that teaching would be a good career for you b. Being attracted to performing an important social service c. Knowing that children usually like you very much d. Enjoying the power and influence you can have on others

b. Being attracted to performing an important social service

After reading several novels about teaching, Jameel has become fascinated with teaching as a career. According to Ryan and Cooper, what else would be a fruitful way to help him decide if teaching is the right career for him? a. To work a variety of part-time jobs to see if teaching is still appealing b. To get advice from his former teachers about the realities of teaching c. To take a career preference test d. To read some more novels and watch movies about teaching

b. To get advice from his former teachers about the realities of teaching

Socialization is an important element of schooling. As a result of socialization, children learn how to a. succeed academically b. become productive members of society c. pursue their own interests d. become more popular

b. become productive members of society

Jacques Barzun preferred which purposes of schools? a. social purposes b. intellectual purposes c. economic purposes d. political and civic purposes

b. intellectual purposes

One drawback of using schools for cultural transmission is that a. time limitations will prevent students from studying all the important works necessary for them to understand the culture b. students may then not be able to recognize the merits of any other cultures besides the dominant one of their society c. teachers cannot both prepare students to go to college and impart the benefit of the culture to the students d. schools have achieved limited success in cultural transmission

b. students may not be able to recognize the merits of any other cultures besides the dominant one of their society

Which of the following does NOT contribute to an effective school? a. high teacher expectations for all students b. teacher autonomy and isolated practice c. faculties with high degrees of task orientation d. high degree of academic engaged time

b. teacher autonomy and isolated practice

Social re-constructionists believe that a. the world is fine as it is b. the young are agents of change c. everyone should learn about the nation's culture in the same way d. the wisdom of the past is very important

b. the young are agents of change

Of the scenarios that follow, which student would most likely be LEFT OUT of consideration in a "shopping mall high school"? a. Barbara entered high school in the general studies track. After her sophomore year, she was able to switch rather easily into the college prep track upon the advice an encouragement of several of her teachers. b. Keisha is in the academic track at high school and wants to go to college. She consults with her friends about which courses to take rather than consulting with her guidance counselor or a teacher c. Ellen is in the general studies track. Her teachers are well equipped to teach her but are uninterested in the students in the general-level courses d. Juanita wants to become a graphic designer. Her counselor recommends vocational courses in graphic arts and design at the technical center

c. Ellen is in the general studies track. Her teachers are well equipped to teach her but are uninterested in the students in the general-level courses

Telly, the president of the senior class at State U., thinks he would enjoy teaching civics because he finds politics fascinating and has always taken a prominent role in student government. If Telly decides to become a teacher, which of Telly's interests would LEAST likely be satisfied in a teaching career a. His pleasure in working with other people b. The opportunity to learn more about history and civics c. His attraction to status d. The opportunity to help create change in people's lives

c. His attraction to status

According to the Schooling v. Education comparison, which of the following should be considered a characteristic of education? a. Many social requirements b. Time as its engine c. Novel, random, and unplanned d. Facts and information to be absorbed

c. Novel, random and unplanned

Tai is a college sophomore with numerous interest. Public service has always appealed to her, yet she is not sure if teaching will be the most satisfying career. Which of the following would be the best indicators that Tai would find satisfaction in teaching? a. She feels a strong desire to contribute to society and wants a secure salary b. She wants recognition for her work, and she enjoys working with people c. She enjoys intellectual stimulation and wants to perform a service to society d. She wants to work with others and desires a work schedule with ample personal time

c. She enjoys intellectual stimulation and wants to perform a service to society

Perhaps the best, most direct way to find out if you will enjoy the realities of teaching is to a. get frequent, long-term baby-sitting jobs b. seek the services of a career placement counselor, who can then direct you c. volunteer several hours a week at a school or supervise extracurricular activities d. study the teachers' benefits and salaries where you would like to teach

c. Volunteer several hours a week at a school or supervise extracurricular activities

Paulo Freire was a(n) a. acculturist b. social reconstructionist c. economic reconstructionist d. globalist

c. economic reconstructionist

In the model of school as a transmitter of culture, schools a. train students to be change agents b. emphasize specific subject-matter content c. ensure that the young know and appreciate the dominant ideas and values of their society's culture d. help students to critique their society's culture

c. ensure the young know and appreciate the dominant ideas and values of their society's culture

Hildi has selected her courses for the academic year, but after one week she finds that two of the courses do not interest her. She plans a meeting with her guidance counselor to rearrange her schedule. If this school is accurately represented by the "shopping mall high school" model, her guidance counselor will most likely a. provide her with a series or forms to fill out and steps to complete so that her registration will be accurate b. tell her that it is a poor habit to switch courses so early in the year; she should learn to apply herself and develop good work habits for the future c. show her the course listings of numerous other courses available at her requested times and sign her drop/add sheet to expedite the process d. encourage her to take courses that will best further her goals

c. show her course listings of numerous other courses available at her requested times and sign her drop/add sheet to expedite the process

Juan believes that schools can help students become actively involved in alleviating the problem of homelessness. Juan personifies the view of a. cultural transmission b. human development education c. social reconstructionism d. the acculturator model of schooling

c. social reconstructionism

"Schooling is most generally defined as a(n) a. process of human growth that leads to greater self-control b. formal arrangement designed so that students will achieve their creative potential. c. specific, formalized process aimed mostly at the young d. experience over a set period of time spent in an institution

c. specific, formalized process aimed mostly at the young

According to Ryan and Cooper, the question "Why teach?" is important because our answer is a good indicator of a. what kind of institution is best for our training b. what subjects we will teach c. what we will accomplish as teachers d. whether we will be effective teachers

c. what we will accomplish as teachers

Denise, a sales representative, is considering a career switch to become a teacher. She is bright and outgoing and likes the high pay she has earned in sales. Yet, she has felt drawn to teaching because of the positive contribution she could make to students' lives. If she makes the career switch, which reward is Denise LEAST likely to experience teaching? a. A lively intellectual atmosphere with colleagues and students b. A work schedule offering generous person time c. The satisfaction of contributing positively to others' lives d. A salary that rivals other professional salaries

d. A salary that rivals other professional salaries

In public school that embraced multiculturalism, which of the following would be evidenced? a. Posters of American Revolutionary heroes would be displayed throughout the school b. Class discussions would debate the worth of the value systems of other cultures c. In December, decorations denoting any celebration would not be allowed d. Selections for literature classes would represent a broad collection of authors

d. Selections for literature classes would represent a broad collection of authors

Intrinsic rewards in teaching include which of the following? a. The close work with young people, the actual teaching, and the power b. Performing a significant social service and the flexible work schedule c. The salary, and actual teaching, and the status d. The actual teaching and satisfaction from the performance of an important social service

d. The actual teaching and satisfaction from the performance of an important social service

Of the following extrinsic rewards, which is most closely associated with teaching? a. a competitive salary b. high status and prestige c. Power over one's subordinates and associates d. a work schedule allowing generous time for oneself

d. a work schedule allowing generous time for oneself

Research has shown that each of the following school characteristics is influenced by the grade configuration of the middle school EXCEPT a. school goals b. course offerings c. instructional practices d. school size

d. school size

One of the most effective ways teachers can aid in the renewal of society is to a. pick a service project for their classes and require that all students participate b. work on political campaigns with fellow teachers c. enthusiastically teach their favorite subjects d. teach students to become involved and informed citizens

d. teach students to become involved and informed citizens

Some states have passed laws forbidding instruction in any language but English, with the basic idea of producing a society with one dominant culture. This process of incorporating an immigrant group into the mainstream culture is often referred to as

enculturation

A consistent similarity shared among teaching students in the middle school grades is that

few consistent similarities exist; the schools vary widely based on grades included in the school and the goals of administration

Critics of multiculturalism contend that if multicultural education were accepted uncritically, it could

result in the failure to transmit the essential information about shared culture