Intro to Museum Studies Midterm
Kunstkammer
"Cabinet of Curiosities"
British Museum, London (1753)
Donations from Sir Hans Sloane. A scientist part of his will, give his gift to the parliament. 71,000 objects, 40,000 books, 7,000 manuscripts. Natural history specimens. The government montagu House a resonal location. 4 different collections. One being books, maps &globes, drawings works of art, antiques . Today has the largest collection of natural history. -Rosetta Stone - Elgin Marbles
Mount Vernon
Home of George Washington & Martha. inherited the property 1674. Mount Vernon Ladies Association - Control of Mount Vernon the leader was AP Cunningham. The property should be preserve. A house that should be open to the public. The purchase 1859 $200,00= 6 million
Museum Island, Berlin
The Altes Museum, Neues Museum, Alte Nationalgalerie, Bode, and Pergamon Museum. Head of Neferti, 1930s strong feeling of Hitler hated all modern ART 1937 first Entartete Kunst (Degenerate Art) - display all the works that he found a mockery 3 million people came to see it.
Louvre Museum, Paris (1791)
Was the royal palace in Paris. 1682 Louis 14 abandon the building. 1692 decided the Greek & Roman antiquities. evolve into National Academy of Art. art made by French Artist. During the French Revolution they took over the building and it a public space. 1791 decided that is a public museum of Art. -537 paintings -184 objects of Art Mona Lisa, Nike of Samothrace Victory,
Field Museum, Chicago (1894)
Word's Fair, Chicago (1893) displays from all over the world Marshall field department all over the world 125 anniversary recreate largest dinosaur Patagonian.
Art Museums
a building/space exhibition of Art. The distinction between a gallery and museum whether or not that a institution has a permanent collection. Earliest collections of Art come from monarchs and the Popes. 1471 Pope Sixtus IV capital line museum to house ancient statutory. Stop people from stealing antiques in the city. Michelangelo to design the Capitoline Museum. Pope Julius II recreation of Vatican Museum. Laocoon and his Sons. First exhibit for the new museum. Was located at Nero's house. Pope Julius II began to embrace pagan thought. Chapel to be decorated by Michelangelo.
The Ashmolean Museum, Oxford (1683)
oldest existing running museum for natural history by Elias Ashmole. 1672 gave his gift. Took 5 years to create. To house his collection. First to allow the public in. Antic coins, books, geology & zoology spaceman. Taxidermy a stuff dodo bird believed to be the last one.
National Gallery of Art, Washington DC (1937)
1937 founder Andrew Mellon Secretary of Treasury. For initial negation with the Smithsonian that it should be a separate museum gift 21 paints 3 famous paintings from St. Petersburg
Historic Sites & Houses
A history museum is a institution that contains collections of artifacts or other objects such art, culture objects pertain to history of particular people or period of time or a place. Purpose to observe, interpret, and display these items of historic value.
American Museum of Natural history, New York City (1869)
Albert scientist zoology lobbied to established in New York. Rival of the Smithsonian. Carl Akeley early members of the team Taxidermy. Changed how these specimens are displayed. posing animals in a natural state make the displays human size recreated the heart of the elephants 1909 recreated 28 displays Giant Blue Whale recreation Margaret Mead discovers Lucy oldest known ancestor. T- Rex recreate the structure of the animal and how the animal lived Rose center for Earth and Space
Peale Museum, Philadelphia (1784)
Charles Willson Peale. Painter known creation of this museum. trading first to create categories. Taxidermy. To display them in interesting ways. First natural history in America.
National Gallery, London (1824)
Independent Art Museum separate from the British Museum 1824 the front of the museum is original Art from every single period of Art in the collection 2300 paintings. Queen Victoria opened the museum open 4 days a week. Couldn't figure out to light up the galleries. Closes on Sundays and 1 day a week they just let students come in. Virgin of the Rocks Leonardo
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC (1835)
James Smithson- chemist mineralogist. Studied at oxford. Discovered Smithsonite. His estate all his fortune goes to his nephew to give to America. 1835- left (10 bags of gold in DC that money should be used for an Institute of natural sciences. Never been to America. 1846 established Smithsonian Institution Board of regiants chef of Justice of the Supreme Court, Vice President 6 members of Congress, 6 private citizens. Collection of Scientific materials, chemistry lab, laboratory, Art Gallery and room for lectures.National Museum of Natural History, Washington (1911) 1910 National Museum of Natural History complete 1911 3.5 million dollars. Natural and Cultural history of the world. Goal is Education. 126 million specimens. (Hope Diamond)
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (1870)
Largest Art Museum in the united States. Established public building. Recreation of a Egyptian temple, Greek and Roman antiquities (Kros funerary crater)
Natural history Museum
The oldest type of museum includes historical records of animals, plants, fungi, ecosystems, geology, palitology, climatology. Primary role/function is to provide scientific community current as well as historical specimens for their research.
Kunst and Wunderkammer
art and natural wonder rooms. Famous one Rudolf II, Holy Roman Empire (1576-1612)
Museum Jovianum, Como, Italy (1536)
constructed by Paclo giovio position to several Popes. Main Collection portraits of historic figures Historical Societies - preserve local history, researchers for research projects. (historical Panoramas) Gettysburg Cyclorama (1882-1883) painted by Paul Dominique Philippoteax 360* painting to show it in the Chicago Show World's Fair. 3 other copies of the paintings. 2 exist 2 destroy in Boston. Spent a lot of time in the Battlefield. A lot of oral history taking recreate the environment.
