Intro to Native American studies FINAL exam

Tommy Orange, "There There"

Tommy Orange's novel There There involves a cast of Native American characters whose lives intersect in the urban setting of Oakland, California.

Tony Loneman

Tony is something of a loner who has always been ostracized because of his strange face, disfigured due to fetal alcohol syndrome—which Tony calls "the Drome." He has an adversarial relationship with himself and often sees himself as a monster.

Daniel Gonzales

cousin of Octavio. Daniel uses a 3-D printer to make the guns that Octavio, Charles, Carlos, Calvin, and Tony use during the robbery of the Big Oakland Powwow.

William Fenton

extensive studies of Iroquois history and culture

Bill Davis

he boyfriend of Edwin Black's mother, Karen. Bill is nonetheless devoted to Karen and to Edwin. Bill throws himself into the line of fire in order to search for Edwin and help save him—and loses his life in the process.

Theory of cultural evolution

social change

Archeology

the study of ancient cultures based on artifacts and other remains

Sovereignty

the supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries

reliable narrator

A narrator that appears to be trustworthy and would have no outside interests to protect. Usually a 3rd person narrator

Jacquie Red Feather

After Harvey turns a "no into a yes" and assaults Jacquie, she becomes pregnant with his child, and later gives the baby up for adoption. When readers next meet Jacquie she is in her late sixties, and is eleven days sober. Opal, her sister, raises Jacquie's grandkids.

Octavio Gomez

An Oakland drug dealer whose intimidating, tough demeanor masks a deep and fierce love for his family. He plans to rob the powwow for his family.

Theory of cultural relativism

Cultural relativism is the idea that a person's beliefs and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture.

Dene Oxendene

Dene Oxendene is a storyteller at heart, a man on a mission to collect the stories of Native Americans living in Oakland in order to continue on the project his uncle Lucas died before finishing.

Edwin Black

Edwin Black is an isolated, frustrated, and confused half-Native young man who lives at home with his mother and spends most of his life getting lost on the internet. He is able to reconnect with his father, Harvey, and was wounded in the shootout at the powwow

IRB

Institutional Review Board, review research in advance to ensure ethical considerations are met

relocation

On March 28, 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, beginning the forced relocation of thousands of Native Americans in what became known as the Trail of Tears.

Opal Viola Victoria Bear Shield

Opal fears raising the boys (Orvil, Lony, and Loother) with a strong connection to Native traditions because of the pain, trauma, suffering, and violence she's witnessed in her own community—but her avoidance of the topic only makes the boys more curious about their cultural heritage

Orvil Red Feather

Orvil learns traditional stories and dances through YouTube, and begins practicing in secret for the upcoming Powwow, where he hopes to win a large cash prize that could help his great-aunt work less from dancing. He had a spider come out of his leg indicating he is ready to emerge into his culture.

Alfred Kroeber

Started a huge program of writing down all the tribe's stories (Ishi)

Sand Creek Massacre (1864)

The U.S. Army convinced a group of Cheyenne to stop raiding farms and return to their Colorado reservation peacefully, where the army attacked and killed about 150 people while burning the camp.

blue

The child of Jacquie Red Feather and Harvey, Blue was adopted at birth by a wealthy white family. Blue became involved with programs for young Native people and married a Native man named Paul. After Paul's father's death, he became abusive

Thomas Frank

The janitor at the Indian Center in Oakland. He is fired from his job for drinking while at work, but feels redeemed by his love of music and rhythm when he joins a drum circle performing at the Big Oakland Powwow.

Ishi

The last surviving member of a gathering and hunting group known as the Yahi who lived in northern California. His people were driven into extinction during the second half of the nineteenth century by the intrusion of farming and herding "civilized" societies.

Lewis Henry Morgan

United States anthropologist who studied the Seneca (1818-1881)

NAGPRA (Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act)

a U.S. federal law that mandates the transfer of human remains and associated funerary objects, unassociated funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of cultural patrimony to lineal descendants, Indian tribes, or Native Hawaiian organizations who have requested them and who have the legal right to them.

American Indian Movement (AIM)

a civil rights group organized to promote the interests of Native Americans

Ethics of Anthropology

after the 1960's anthropologists began formulating a code of ethics to ensure that their research would not harm the groups being studied

informed consent

an ethical principle that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate

Franz Boas

father of modern American anthropology; argued for cultural relativism

salvage ethnography

fieldwork strategy developed by Franz Boas to collect cultural, material, linguistic, and biological information about Native American populations

Calvin Johnson

on the powwow committee, was involved with drug dealers, and was in a plot to rob the powwow. He betrays his own people in hopes of helping his family and indeed himself,

Intertextuality

relationship between texts

Baffin Island

the Indigenous peoples who live here are apart of the territory of Nunavut