Intro to Sociology

Psychoanalysis was developed by

Sigmund Freud

the study of society and human behavior

Sociology

Blank operates at the microsociological level

Symbolic interactionism

In a self fulfilling stereotype

The behaviors of the person change to match our expectations

A significant sociological point about life course is that it

affects the way you act and face life

Sociologist Melvin Kohn found that blank parents tend to use physical punishment to get their children to conform to expectations.

all

In Kohlbergs theory, children in the blank stage are basically concerned just with themselves and do not seem to know the difference between right and wrong

amoral

The manifest function of formal education refers to

an intended action to help the system

Who is the audience for basic sociology

anyone and everyone

Values are like lenses through which we see the world

as it ought to be

A blank status is given to you, you do not earn it

ascribed

Applying symbolic interactionism, as divorce became more common, divorce became

associated with new beginnings

An advantage of knowing a cultures gesture is

being able to communicate with simplicity

To interpret blank, we consider facial expressions, posture, and gestures

body language

The core value of education has

changed over the years until today college is considered an appropriate goal for most Americans

What did Karl Marx believe was the most relevant factor in history?

class conflict

In blank, the focus is on the struggle for scarce resources by different groups in society

conflict theory

Role strain is blank

conflict within a role

Sociologist call the values held by most of the groups in a society blank.

core values

Some of the values and norms of blank place it at odds with a dominant culture

counterculture

In Freuds terms the blank causes us to get our basic needs met.

id

Blank refers to our efforts to manage the impressions that others receive of us

impression management

Social class is based on

income, education, and occupational prestige

The work of WEB Du bois, an African American,

is being resdiscovered and discussed by contemporary sociologists

Isolated children require blank to develop

language

The main way people communicate is through

language

The social institution of blank would include groups such as lawyers associations, courts, and jails

law

Individuals and groups that influence how we think, feel, or act in life are called

looking glass crowd

The term blank was coined by Charles Horton Cooley

looking glass self

For Durkheim, people who perform similar tasks had in common the way they looked at life which he called

mechanical solidarity

Sociologist use blank to analyze social interactions

microsociology

the term "organic solidarity" is based on the way that different members of society

need each other

When you break norms you receive

negative sanctions

Individuals more or less the same age who share common interest make up a

peer group

The old order of the Amish of the US exemplify

Gemeinschaft

Perhaps ahead of the times, blank warned of the dangers of coalescing of the top leaders of business, politics, and military

C Wright Mills

Blank indicates what is expected of people

Roles

credited as being the founder of sociology

Auguste Comte WEB du bois Karl Marx Jane Addams

Transitional adulthood cover ages

18-29

Blank refers to one part of a culture changing while other parts remain behind

Cultural lag

The language, beliefs, values, norms and behaviors and objects passed from one generation to the next make up a groups

Culture

Blank said that sociobiology will eventually absorb sociology

Edward Wilson

The subjects exposed to an independent variable in an experiment are the

Experimental group

Adolescence is a

Industrial Revolution developement

The term for rules of behavior

Norms

What is a precise way to measure a variable

Operational definition

Blank studied the natural process that children go through to develop their ability to reason

Piaget

a society made up of many different groups is called an/a

Pluralism

Blank harnesses the sociological perspective for the public good

Public Sociology

Blank are a people who respond to the survey

Respondents

The Harlows took baby monkeys away from their mothers to live alone, frightened them, and observed that the babies clung to terrycloth fake mothers rather than wire fake mothers. The experiment tended to prove what might already have been obvious-that infants need to be

cuddled

Blank refers to the values, norms, or other cultural traits found everywhere

cultural universals

An attempt to remake someone by removing his or her current identity and replacing it with a new one is

degradation ceremony

Erving Goffman used the term blank to mean that social life is like a drama or a stage play

dramaturgy

Robert Murton would say negative results of people's actions are

dysfunctions

The blank as viewed by Freud, is the balancing mechanism in our personality

ego

The term new technology refers to

emerging technology that has a significant impact on social life

The blank is made up of people who are in the portion of the population being studied

entire group

According to reports describing blank children, they walked on all fours, growled, and showed no sensitivity to cold

feral

Pure sociologists analyze some aspects of society to

gain knowledge for its own sake

Learning what is expected of us based on whether we are male or female is known as

gender socialization

According to Max Weber, the key factor in society is

religion

uses objective, systematic observations to test theories

scientific method

What is the first step in the research model?

select a topic

The human potential movement exemplifies the emerging blank value

self fulfillment

Talcott Parsons was influential in

shifting sociology from reform to theory

Blank refers to the typical ways society meets its essential needs

social institutions

Durkeims concept of blank refers to how much people are tied to their social groups

social integration

A backward collar is blank for a priest

status symbol

Our assumptions about what people are like are known as

stereotypes

a distinct world within the overarching culture is a

subculture

Another term for nonmaterial culture that sociologists use is

symbolic culture

In blank symbols are the key to understanding how we look at the world and communicate with each other.

symbolic interactionism

George Herbert Mead was a

symbolic interactionist

Blank is the primary focus for microsociologists

symbolic interactionists

The basis of culture is

symbols

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis states

that reality shapes our language

the term real culture refers to

the norms and values that people aspire to follow

Cultural diffusion is a

the spread of culture traits from one place to another

The term "generalized other" refers to

what we think others in general think about us