Intro to Sociology Final
The poorest 20 percent of the global population receives only about what share of all global income?
1
Rough estimates suggest that about ___________ people in the United States are homeless for some time during a given yera.
1,500,000
Children raised by substance abusers have a risk of physical abuse _________ times greater than other kids
3
Approximately what percentage of abuse victims will perpetuate abuse by abusing their own children?
30$
Approximately how many elderly lived in the US in 2008?
38 million
Research on extramarital sex shows that about _____ of married men and about _____ of married women remain faithful to their spouse throughout their married lives.
75 percent; 90 percent
The wealthiest 20 percent of the global population receives about what share of all global income?
80
What percentage of abuse victims meet the criteria of one or more psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, or suicidal behavior, by age twenty-one?
80%
Which theorist would be most interested in who controls the media and the ways in which the common race and class minimizes the media presence of the lower classes and other races?
A conflict theorist
The term Panoptic surveillance is defined in the text as:
A from of constant monitoring in which the observation posts are decentralized and the observed is never communicate with directly.
Which theory claims that the elderly benefit from high level of activity?
Activity Theory
Most low-income nations are found in which region of the world?
Africa and Asia
__________________ is the prejudice and discrimination against a person based on his/her chronological age.
Agism
Which of the following explains the global feminization of poverty?
All of the above
Which of these shaped to some degree the way you grew up and were socialized?
All of the above
from a functionalist perspective, which of the following is a function of social media?
All of the above.
Caste systems:
All of these are correct.
Following modernization theory, which might rich nations do to aid the economic development of poor nations?
All of these are correct.
Gender is not a matter just of difference, but also a matter of:
All of these are correct.
Recent research on social distance among U.S. college students shows that:
All of these are correct.
The chapter argues that gender is not a matter just of difference, but also a matter of differences in:
All of these are correct.
The chapter argues that gender is not a matter just of difference, but also a matter of:
All of these are correct.
Which of the following factors affect social class standing in the United States?
All of these are correct.
Which of the following may be contributors to child abuse?
All of these are correct.
Which of the following statements about high-income nations is correct?
All of these are correct.
Read the following four statements. All but one of the statements are correct. Which one is NOT correct?
All people in a minority category are disadvantaged.
Which type of status is present at birth?
Ascribed status
Which of the following categories of the U.S. population most likely to own and operate a small business?
Asian Americans
Which minority group was referred to as "Model Minority?"
Asians
What is life expectancy?
Average number of years a person born today may expect to live
which of the following is not an example of new media?
Barnes & Noble
__________________________ is the family created by remarriage including step siblings and parents.
Blended family
How has advertising revenue significantly changed in the past few years?
Cable and online revenue have remained greatly unchanged while newspaper and magazine advertising revenue has fallen greatly
Tyson visits China over spring break, and after getting online to write home to her parents, she realizes some of her favorite social media sites are blocked by the Chinese government. She becomes concerned with how technology reinforces inequalities among communities, both within and among countries. What sociological perspective best fits Tyson's concerns?
Conflict
According to Kubler-Ross, the states of grief are in this order.
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
Caleb attended a private high school, which gave each student access to a personal laptop and iPhone. Ted attended a poorly funded public school, which had few computers and outdated technology. When Caleb gets to college, he's more prepared than Ted for course work which includes the computer and online material. This occurrence is an example of:
Digital divide
Which theory claims that as the elderly realize the inevitability of death, they begin to withdraw themselves from youthful roles?
Disengagement Theory
After the floppy disk was introduced, zip drives were invented shortly after, followed quickly by flash drives. This is an example of:
Evolutionary model of technological change
________________________ includes one's relatives beyond nuclear and blended family levels.
Extended family
In the United States, it is correct to say that social position is simply a reflection of a person's talents and abilities
False
The value, respect, and reverence of one's elderly which is often accompanied by care giving and support of the elderly are called?
Filial piety
One system for classifying the world's nations places the rich, industrial countries into which of the following categories?
First World
Before the dawn of social media, powerful TV networks and widely circulated newspapers had great influence over the news stories that were reported to the public. This is referred to as:
Gatekeeping
___________ is the shaping of individual behavior and perceptions in such a way that the individual conforms to the socially prescribed expectations for males and females.
Gender socialization
What are the children born to Baby Boomers (1965-1982) called?
Generation X
What is a negative risk of media globalization?
Government censoring information for their benefit
Last week, a major politician was caught in a political scandal. The story was featured on the front page of the New York Times, the Los Angeles Times, CNN.com, and was the lead story on NBC, ABC, and CBS nightly news. This is referred to as:
Homogenization
A social theorist who contributed to the development of dependency theory by tracing the growth of the capitalist world economy is:
Immanuel Wallerstein
Most violence against women occurs:
In the home.
By young adulthood, ___________ is a prime value which leads many to move out on their own and gain their own experience.
Independence
From which world regions do most of today's immigrants come?
Latin America and Asia
Roughly half of all the world's street children are found in the cities of:
Latin America.
The ideal sequence of events and positions an average person is expected to experience as he/she matures and moves through life.ciological analysis of religion is concerned with:
Life course
From 1983 to the present there has been a great reduction in the number of corporations who ow mass-media outlets. This is a product of:
Media Globalization
The number of corporations owning the majority of mass media outlets has drastically reduced since 1983. This is a product of
Media globalization
Which minority group faced extinction by genocide?
Native Americans
______________ is a family group consisting of mother & father and their children.
Nuclear Family
Continuity theory claims that _______________________________.
Older adults maintain patterns from their younger years
Thanatology is __________________________.
Scientific study of death and dying
Gerontology is a __________________.
Scientific study of the processes and phenomena of aging and growing old
______________ is the social, emotional, biological, intellectual, and spiritual process associated with aging.
Senescence
Which of the following is an example of planned obsolescence?
Sirs iPod breaks just as the newest iPod nano is being introduced
Which sociological subfield of Gerontology focuses on the non-physical and social aspects of aging?
Social gerontology
________________________ are leaders among scientists who study the family
Sociologists
which sociological perspective sees technology and media as a tool individuals use to express how much wealth they have?
Symbolic Interactionist
Susan has the newest iPhone, iPad, iPod, and Mac. When a new Apple product is released, Susan stands in line for hours to be the first to buy it. Susan is a(n):
Technophile
Which of these is the most accurate statement of a future concern Gerontologists have regarding the Baby Boomers?
They will place a financial strain on the rest of society
In the United States, the age category most likely to be poor is children.
True
The concept of social mobility refers to changes in people's positions in the social hierarchy.
True
The term media globalization can be defined as the wordwide integration of media through the cross-cultural exchange of ideas
True
What is the meaning of the term "WASP"?
White Anglo-Saxon Protestant
Centenarian is someone___________________.
Who has already turned 100.
Read the following four statements about social mobility in the United States. Which statement is NOT true?
Within a single generation, most social mobility is from one class level to another rather than small movements within one class.
Which of these theories have the most support from scientific data?
a & c
The term panoptic surveillance is defined in the text as:
a form of constant monitoring in which the observation posts are decentralized and the observation is never communicated with directly
The term "absolute poverty" refers to:
a lack of resources that is life-threatening.
The "feminization of poverty" refers to the fact that, in the United States,:
a larger share of the poor are women.
The concept "race" refers to:
a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important.
In general, societies that have a caste system have a productive system based on:
agriculture
Kinship can be based on:
all of the above
The adoption of the English language by Mexican immigrants to the United States is an example of:
assimilation.
The term "meritocracy" refers to social stratification:
based entirely on personal merit.
While race refers to ___ considered important by society, ethnicity refers to ___.
biological traits; cultural traits
In observing children at play, Janet Lever concluded that:
boys favor games with clear winners and losers.
With regard to the role of rich nations, dependency theory:
claims that rich nations are to blame for global poverty.
According to Marx, differences in wealth and power between the capitalists and proletarians leads to:
class conflict.
Friedrich Engels claimed that expanding capitalism tends to turn women into:
consumers.
The latest data show that welfare reform has:
cut the welfare rolls by about half
Which type of slavery consists of employers holding workers by paying them too little to cover their debts?
debt bondage
Since 1970, the extent of global inequality has:
declined
Doma
defined marriage
According to Wagley and Harris which of the following is not a characteristic of minority groups?
distrust for members of the dominant group
Which of these is the most common function of today's families?
economic support
Stereotypes are:
exaggerated descriptions applied to everyone in some category.
In all societies, the _________________ is the premier institution.
family
Today the _______________ is the core of primary socialization.
family
Based on scapegoat theory, you would conclude that prejudice is caused by:
frustration among disadvantaged people.
Research indicates:
girls who live or have joint arrangements with their mothers tend to be more responsible
Douglas Massey and Nancy Denton studied racial segregation in U.S. cities and documented which of the following patterns?
hypersegregation
Which of the following is not a contributor to lower divorce rates?
increase social pressure to avoid divorce
Modernization Theory claims that ______________ and modernization have lowered the power and influence which the elderly once had which has led to ______ of the elderly from the community.
industrialization, exclusion
Women are paid ________________________ in comparison to men?
less
What type of feminism accepts the basic organization of U.S. society, but seeks to give women the same rights and opportunities as men?
liberal feminism
High-income nations:
lie mostly in the Northern Hemisphere.
Men show greater _______ ability than women; women show greater _____ ability than men.
mathematical; verbal
Assimilation refers to the pattern by which:
minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant category.
Which of the following concepts refers to a category of people, distinguished by physical or cultural traits, who are socially disadvantaged?
minority
In U.S. schools, courses in sociology typically enroll:
more women than men.
The highest percentage of child abuse is in the category of:
neglect
The term "white ethnics" refers to:
non-WASPs of European ancestry.
All of the following are goals of feminism EXCEPT for one. Which is it?
opposing the Equal Rights Amendment
Which of the following concepts refers to social organization in which males dominate females?
patriarchy
Which type of residential pattern involves living with or near the husband's family?
patrilocality
What is the term for a rigid and irrational generalization about an entire category of people?
prejudice
______________ is an interdisciplinary approach to sexuality studies that identifies Western society's rigid splitting of gender into male and female roles and questions the manner in which we have been taught to think about sexual orientation.
queer theory
Which of the following concepts refers to a belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another?
racism
Which of the following concepts refers to the physical and social separation of categories of people?
segregation
__________________________ are one of the most significant social factors in the history of the world.
sex and gender
A caste system is defined as:
social stratification based on ascription or birth.
"Social stratification" is a concept that refers to:
society ranking categories of people in a hierarchy.
The concept "colonialism" refers to the process by which:
some nations enrich themselves through political and economic control of other nations.
"Colonialism" refers to the process by which:
some nations enrich themselves through political economic control of other nations.
Because of social stratification:
some people have more privileges and opportunities than others do.
Current divorce rates are:
steadily decreasing
Modernization can help us to understand why the elderly have become ____________ and __________________ over the last century.
stigmatized, devalued
E-readiness can be defined as:
the ability to sort through, interpret, and process digital knowledge
The term cyberfeminism is defined by the text as:
the application to and promotion of feminism online
In high-income societies, people benefit from:
the highest material living standards.
Gender refers to:
the personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being female and male.
While modernization theory focuses on _____, dependency theory focuses on _____.
the production of wealth; the distribution of wealth
The term technological diffusion is defined as:
the spread of technology across borders
Sociologist William Julius Wilson suggests the cause of poverty lies in:
too few available jobs.
Modernization theory identifies ____________ as the greatest barrier to economic development.
tradition
Wage disparities between males and females is both ________ and _______________ based.
traditional, labor
Which of the following concepts refers to individuals who attempt to alter their bodies through medical interventions to align their physical body with their gender?
transsexual individuals
What age group of children are the most victimized population of abuse?
under 1 year old
The common ideology of a class system treats ______ as a sign of personal talent and effort and poverty as a result of ______.
wealth; personal inadequacy
In terms of race, two-thirds of all poor people in the United States are:
white.
The "beauty myth" refers to the idea that:
women learn to measure their personal importance in terms of physical appearance.
