Intro to Wine - Chapter 10

How many hours does it takes a 117-pound individual to metabolize a standard drink (~14 g ethanol)?

(250 ÷ 117 pounds) = 2.3 hours to consume one standard drink

Amount of alcohol in oz and g, in a standard drink?

0.6 oz of alcohol weighs ~14 g; for each beverage, the amount of alcohol in ounces can be obtained from the serving volume multiplied by the typical percent alcohol. Example: For a standard 12 oz serving of beer with 5% alcohol by volume: 12 oz x 0.05% ethanol = 0.6 oz ethanol in the standard 12 oz serving

Calculate the number of calories in a standard drink

12 to 14 grams ethanol x 7 calories per gram or about 80-100 calories

A Standard Drink is used to compare various alcoholic beverages. It contains approximately 12-14 grams of ethanol and 80-100 calories

A Standard Drink is used to compare various alcoholic beverages. It contains approximately ___ grams of ethanol and __ calories

A typical sugar level in grapes harvested for sparkling wine is: 15 to 17 21 to 23 24 to 26 10 to 12 18 to 20

A typical sugar level in grapes harvested for sparkling wine is: 15 to 17 21 to 23 24 to 26 10 to 12 18 to 20

Assuming no metabolism, if a 200 pound person consumes three 12-ounce "regular" beers, their BAC would be approximately 0.06

Assuming no metabolism, if a 200 pound person consumes three 12-ounce "regular" beers, their BAC would be approximately

Blood alcohol concentrations (expressed as a %) can be estimated from the number of drinks consumed, the volume of the drinks, the amount of ethanol in the drinks, and the body weight of the consumer: (Show the formula)

BAC% = 0.08 x (# of drinks) x (ozs of drink) x (alcohol %) Body weight in pounds If we assume consumption of standard drinks, this formula can be simplified to: BAC% = 4 x (number of standard drinks) Body weight in pounds https://firststepnc.com/blood-alcohol-content-calculator/

Women tend to have lower gastric (stomach) alcohol ________ levels compared to men, therefore women have less alcohol metabolism in the stomach. As a result, for women, more ethanol reaches the small intestine and is absorbed into the bloodstream leading to higher BAC levels, relative to men

Before alcohol reaches the blood stream, it goes through the stomach, where so-called gastric alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isozymes break some of it down. "In an earlier study we found that women have less of this ADH activity than men do," notes lead author Charles Lieber of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) increases as a result of absorption from the small intestine (and the stomach) and is a function of _______ as well as ______.

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) increases as a result of absorption from the small intestine (and the stomach) and is a function of the amount of alcohol consumed as well as body weight

If a 150-pound person consumes three standard drinks, that individual would have a blood alcohol content of

For example, if a 150-pound person consumes three standard drinks, that individual would have a blood alcohol content of BAC =((4 x 3 standard drinks) ÷ 150 pounds) = 0.08% BAC

Hours needed to metabolize 1 standard drink?

Hours needed to metabolize 1 standard drink = 250 ÷ Body weight in pounds https://firststepnc.com/blood-alcohol-content-calculator/

If the three drinks were all 4-5 ounce glasses of wine (instead of beer), the resulting BAC would be 0.06, again assuming no metabolism

If the three drinks were all 4-5 ounce glasses of wine (instead of beer), the resulting BAC would be ____, again assuming no metabolism

In the US, calorie and nutrient content labeling and allergen warnings (including for gluten) are ______.

In the US, calorie and nutrient content labeling and allergen warnings (including for gluten) are voluntary.

__________ is the biochemical process of breaking down and/or creating compounds using enzymes.

Metabolism is the biochemical process of breaking down and/or creating compounds using enzymes.

Moderate wine consumption is generally considered to be defined as drinking ___ to ___ glasses per day.

Moderate wine consumption is generally considered to be defined as drinking one to two glasses per day.

How many standard drinks can this 117-pound individual completely metabolize in one hour

Rearranging the simplified equation: (117 pounds ÷ 250) ÷ 1 hour = 0.44 standard drinks (~14 g ethanol) metabolized/hour https://www.drinkfox.com/tools/bac-calculator

What is the French paradox in wine?

Since the 1980s, the "French Paradox" has become widely known as a concept to describe the apparently low rates of heart disease observed in French people, despite a typical diet that includes many rich, fatty foods

The amount of alcohol absorbed into the bloodstream is dependent upon multiple factors; Select ALL relevant factors Food Consumption Brand of beverage Color of wine Alcohol content of beverage Carbonation

The amount of alcohol absorbed into the bloodstream is dependent upon multiple factors; Select ALL relevant factors Food Consumption Brand of beverage Color of wine Alcohol content of beverage Carbonation

antioxidant theory

The antioxidant theory holds that ingestion of wine phenolics can help to prevent the oxidation of fats and lipids in the body, and this in turn prevents the buildup of plaque deposits in blood vessels and decreases the risk of heart disease associated with plaque deposits.

The concept of a ____ has been developed as a way to compare the impacts of different alcoholic beverages based on the amount of alcohol (i.e., ethanol) they contain.

The concept of a standard drink has been developed as a way to compare the impacts of different alcoholic beverages based on the amount of alcohol (i.e., ethanol) they contain.

The metabolic oxidation of ethanol leads to formation of ____ and then ____ acid or acetate

The metabolic oxidation of ethanol leads to formation of acetaldehyde and then acetic acid or acetate

The metabolism of ethanol is carried out by ________ enzymes.

The metabolism of ethanol is carried out by dehydrogenase enzymes.

Wines sold in the US must be labeled with what specific information related to the health impacts of the wine.

These include health warnings, alcohol content, and information on the presence of sulfur dioxide. Labels must also include the fill volume and the name and address of the bottler.

What does J-shaped curve on chart of alcohol consumption vs mortality represent?

This relationship is often described as a J-shaped curve and suggests that moderate consumption may have positive health impacts.

How many hours does it take a 175-pound person, to metabolize a standard drink (~14 g ethanol)?

Using the simplified equation: (250 ÷ 175 pounds) = 1.4 hours to consume one standard drink

When alcohol is consumed, about __% of it is absorbed in the stomach and goes immediately into the bloodstream. The remainder, about __%, passes into the small intestine where it is absorbed into the bloodstream.

When alcohol is consumed, about 20% of it is absorbed in the stomach and goes immediately into the bloodstream. The remainder, about 80%, passes into the small intestine where it is absorbed into the bloodstream.

Wine containing more that __mg/L sulfur dioxide must be indicated on label

Wines containing more than 10 mg/L sulfur dioxide (SO2), whether formed naturally during fermentation or added during winemaking, must have a sulfites declaration on the label.

intoxication tends to be viewed as a social failing and the whole society has a more negative view of intoxication.

non temperance culture

tends to be more tolerant of alcohol abuse.

temperance culture

the energy from ____ is rapidly used and is not stored in the body.

the energy from ethanol is rapidly used and is not stored in the body. This is contrasted with energy from sugar/carbohydrates, proteins, and fats which can be stored in the body for later use