Introduction to Business
What certification does the European Union demand in order to do business with companies?
1909001
Which of the following are uses of robots in service industries today?
A robot delivering room service to guests in hotels Robot vacuum cleaners in office buildings
A unique element of ERP is that it combines computerized functions of all divisions into one database supported by?
A single integrated software system
Which of the following are benefits of enterprise resources planning (ERP)?
Any department can see the status of an order at any time Shorter time between orders and payment Less staff is required to process orders
Choose the answer that refers to a production process that puts components together
Assembly
Which of the following allows workers to design products in three dimensions?
CAD
What is the acronym for the system of production that uses computers to "design products"?
CAD (Computer Aided Design)
What is the acronym used for the system of production that uses computers to control the manufacturing process?
CAM
The acronym for computer software that combines CAD and CAM systems in production is?
CIM
Give an example of information technology
Computers Email Voicemail
A newer software system that combines the computerized functions of all divisions of the firm such as finance, human resources, and order fulfillment into a single integrated software program using a single database is?
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Which of these steps are used in developing a PERT Chart?
Estimating time for tasks Analyzing and sequencing tasks
The goal of the International Organization for Standardization is to?
Facilitate the international exchange of goods and services
Economists of scale, being closer to customers to reduce distribution costs, or being nearer to resources, are reasons why companies may spend millions of dollars to move their?
Facilities
Arrangement of resources, including people, to most efficiently produce goods and services is referred to as?
Facility Layout
ISO is the name for the International Organization for Standardization, which is a(n)?
Federation whose purpose is to facilitate trade Worldwide federation of national standards bodies
Which of the following is an advantage related to conducting quality control throughout production instead of at the end of the production process?
Finding defects prior to completion saves expensive resources.
An example of _________________ utility is when a butcher produces a specific cut of beef
Form
Which of these are requirements for ISO 14001 certification?
Having: Improvement targets Audits of improvement targets An environmental policy
The process exemplified when production runs are short and machines are changed frequently to make different products is the _________________ process
Intermittent
Many rapidly growing firms are outsourcing areas like engineering, design, and manufacturing with the use of the _________________, thus, developing an inter-firm approach to operations management
Internet
Operations management is a specialized area of management that includes?
Inventory management Production scheduling
Which is a disadvantage of storing large quantities of items in inventory?
Items can be pilfered or stolen Items become obsolete Increased costs associated with inventory management
To work effectively __________________ -______________________-________________ Inventory control requires accurate production schedules and excellent coordination with suppliers
Just-in-time
Select the intermittent process
Manufacturing a piece of custom designed furniture
___________________ customization is exemplified in personalized fitness plans as well as individualized spa packages for customers
Mass
Which production system tailors products to meet the needs of large numbers of individual customers?
Mass Customization
Originally used for constructing nuclear submarines, ___________________ is used to plan projects and determine critical paths during production
PERT
What planning and control procedure identifies the critical path of a process?
PERT Chart
_______________ is a planning tool for projects, while a(n) ___________________ chart is a tracking tool for measuring production progress
PERT; Gantt
Enterprise resource planning took the idea of materials planning a step further by?
Planning for material needs within the entire company on one database
The Deming cycle is a(n) ____________________ control method geared toward finding errors __________________ they happen
Quality; before
Which organization produce both goods and services?
Restaurants
Select all aspects of control in the production process
Scheduling Planning Routing
Which sector has suffered less from the economic slowdown than the manufacturing sector?
Service
A process layout is used in production when?
Similar equipment and functions are grouped together
A quality control standard that allows for 3.4 defects per one million opportunities is called?
Six Stigma quality
Technology allows employees to work from home, which is also known as?
Telecommuting
Which of these are characteristics of a lean company?
They use much less floor space & they carry less inventory
In order to compete globally, manufactures must consider which factor when choosing a facility location, so they can move products quickly to customers at low costs?
Time-to-market
Which of the following is a reason to use a Gantt chart?
To identify projects in process To determine stages of a project To trace a production process
An example of a production change that would occur through the use of CAM is?
Using a computer program to tell machines how to cut patterns for clothing
What does the production process add to materials?
Value Form utility
Companies will relocate their production facilities to obtain less expensive?
Water Natural resources Electricity
Mass production focuses on producing?
a limited variety of products
The facility layout that uses teams of workers to complete more complex units of the final product is known as a(n) ___________________ layout
cellular
Tremendous career opportunities exist in operations management as manufacturing and service companies attempt to remain _______________ in the global market
competitive
A production process like that of a chemical plant where the process is long during production is called a(n) ________________________ process
continuous
Because services are adaptable than products it is easier to design than for mass?
customization
ISO 14001 is a system that manages a firm's impact on the?
environment
Developing countries are providing new markets for companies that can provide them with needed?
goods, technology, services
Key reasons why many companies move is to obtain low-cost __________________ and to find the right kind of _________________ labor
labor; skilled
Select inputs of the production process
land, capital and labor
The birth of information technology such as texting and email is giving firms and employees increased flexibility to choose ____________________ while staying competitive
locations
How will technological improvements in production-oriented companies affect the number of workers required?
lower the number of workers required
The U.S. economy is no longer based on ________________, as about 70 percent of U.S. GDP comes from the _________________ sector
manufacturing; service
Physically changing an egg during food preparation is an example of?
process manufacturing
In the past, conducting inspections at the end of the production line was the approach to?
quality control
The traditional goal of manufacturing organizations was to produce goods efficiently and inexpensively while the current goal of operations management is to?
respond rapidly to customers
MRP is a computer based operations management system that uses _______________ to make sure that needed parts and materials are available at the right time and place
sales forecasts
Which of the following are quality of life issues that must be considered by companies when choosing a facility location?
schools crime climate
What are benefits of using the internet as a purchasing tool?
Cost savings Access to many suppliers Time savings
The basic premise of just-in-time inventory is?
Minimum inventory is kept on hand
The related tasks that take the longest to complete in a project are called the?
Critical path
Using the ________________ as a purchasing tool allows manufactures and sellers to find suppliers and receive materials more quickly
Internet
Select the three basic requirements of production
1. To build and deliver products in response to the demands of the customer 2. To provide an acceptable quality level 3. Provide everything at the lowest possible cost
The development of CIM systems solves the problem that existed between CAD and CAM systems in that?
CIM allows CAD and CAM to talk to each other
Health clubs offering a unique fitness plan to each client is an example of mass ___________________ in the service sector
Customization
Making a unique product or providing a unique service to a specific individual means to do what?
Customize
What strategy focuses on a company deciding where to locate its operations?
Facility location
Match the facility layout with type of product being manufactured
Fixed position layout-Bridge construction Product (assembly) layout-Vehicle manufacturing Process layout-Metal products for frequently changing customer needs Cellular or modular layout-Woodworking requiring differing designs of a product
Match the facility layout to type of design used
Fixed position layout-scheduling work operations at site of end product as in home building Process layout-Serving different customers with different needs Cellular or modular layout-can accommodate changes in design or demand Product (assembly) layout-used to produce large quantities of a few products
Manufactures and service organizations can remain competitive in global markets by?
Focusing on customers Focusing on quality Practicing continuous improvement
One tool a manager can use to see what projects are being worked on and what stage each is at is the?
Gantt Chart
A manager can determine what projects are being worked on and how much has been completed at any given time by using a?
Gantt chart
If the United States does not keep up with the world's latest production techniques, what will happen?
Global competitors will surpass the United States
Select outputs of the production process
Goods Services
A comprehensive set of environmental standards that encourages companies to conduct business in a cleaner, safer, and less wasteful way is known as?
ISO 14001
A firm cannot do business in the European Union without being __________________ _________________ certified
ISO 9001
What international standard focuses on quality management assurance?
ISO 9001
Which of the following are factors of production?
Labor Knowledge Entrepreneurship
Which is a benefit of telecommuting?
Less dependence on locating near sources of labor Firms may choose less expensive locations Employees are in touch with company and customers right from home
Lean manufacturing uses?
Less resources Less time
Individualized programs for students in college and personally designed spa packages for customers are both examples of?
Mass customization
_________________ layout refers to teams of workers combine to produce more complex units of the final product
Modular
Time-to-market decisions involve?
Moving product quickly to customers at the lowest cost
Which of the following are examples of companies that utilize mass customization?
National Bicycle Industrial Company M & M GNC
A specialized area in management that converts or transforms resources, including human resources, into goods and services is __________________ management
Operations
Ensuring that products are manufactured and delivered on time, on budget, and to specifications is the role of which manager in an organization?
Operations
ISO is not part of the government, but is a federation of national ___________________ bodies
Standard
Testing statistical samples of product components at each stage of the production process and plotting them on a graph to determine deviations from acceptable quality levels is called?
Statistical process control
Some managers choose to monitor all phases of the production process to ensure that quality is built in from the beginning. These managers are using?
Statistical quality control
An assembly line or product layout that is used in production when?
producing large quantities of a few types of products
Finding the highest quality material resources, the best suppliers, and then negotiating the best prices are all responsibilities of someone in a _________________ role
purchasing
_________________ refers to consistently producing what the customer wants while reducing errors before and after delivery to the customer
quality
The goal of just-in-time inventory is to?
Deliver the minimum amount of inventory just in time to go on the assembly line
Examples of a problem solved by operations management planning as it relates to manufacturing include?
Facility location Inventory control
Because of ________________ _________________, businesses can remain competitive while having more flexibility in choosing their locations
Information technology
Overall company quality is outlined by the standards set by the _________________ _________________ ____________________ Quality Award
Malcolm Baldrige National
What is the term for the creation of goods and services?
Production
The difference between PERT and Gantt is that Gantt provides project _______________ while PERT estimates _______________ required for project completion
Status; time
When project managers create bar graphs showing production managers what projects are being worked on and what stage they are in at any given time, they are applying what tool to operations management?
Gant chart
A(n) __________________ layout is used when similar equipment and functions are grouped together and the order in which the product visits a function depends on the design of the item
Process
The difference between PERT and Gantt is that Gantt provides project _________________ while PERT estimates ________________ required for project completion
Status; time
When materials are physically or chemically changed during production the activity is referred to as what type of manufacturing?
Process
Name some of the basic premises underlying the contemporary view of quality in organizations?
-continuous improvement -process oriented -a part of operations management
A company may decide to locate its production operations with a goal of?
-using a skilled workforce -reducing transportation costs -reducing time to market
An additive manufacturing process that creates a product one layer at a time using a nozzle similar to those in inkjet printers is?
3D printing
A firm wishing to go global should consider passing ISO __________________ standards in order to demonstrate a commitment to best practices in terms of impacting the environment to international businesses
14001
Using machines designed to do multiple tasks in order to produce a variety of products is called?
flexible manufacturing
Which of the following are examples of a fixed-position layout?
A bridge construction A new home built New road construction
The goal of operations management is to?
Keep operations running efficiently Create a good experience for the customer