Introduction to Psychology Chapter 1 section 3

What does biopsychology explore?

Biopsychology explores how our biology influences our behavior. While biological psychology is a broad field, many biological psychologists want to understand how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior.

What do these businesses use the I-O psychologists for?

Businesses often seek the aid of I-O psychologists to make the best hiring decisions as well as to create an environment that results in high levels of employee productivity and efficiency.

Low score of neuroticism.

Calmness, even-temperament, and sense of security.

What is clinical psychology?

Clinical psychology is the area of psychology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior.

What types of research interests do cognitive psychologist have?

Cognitive psychologists have research interests that span a spectrum of topics, ranging from attention to problem solving to language to memory.

What is cognitive psychology?

Cognitive psychology is the area of psychology that focuses on studying cognitions, or thoughts, and their relationship to our experiences and our actions.

What do Cognitive-behavioural therapists do?

Cognitive-behavioral therapists take cognitive processes and behaviors into account when providing psychotherapy.

What is Contemporary pyschology?

Contemporary psychology is a diverse field that is influenced by all of the historical perspectives described in the preceding section.

Low score of agreeableness.

Criticalness, uncooperativeness, and suspiciousness.

Low score of extroversion.

Quiet, reserved, and withdrawn.

How is the research on personality psychology determined?

Research is focused on identifying personality traits, measuring these traits, and determining how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation.

What do researchers in sport and exercise psychology study?

Researchers in sport and exercise psychology study the psychological aspects of sport performance, including motivation and performance anxiety, and the effects of sport on mental and emotional wellbeing. Research is also conducted on similar topics as they relate to physical exercise in general.

What is The Association for Psychological Science (APS)?

The Association for Psychological Science (APS) was founded in 1988 and seeks to advance the scientific orientation of psychology. Its founding resulted from disagreements between members of the scientific and clinical branches of psychology within the APA.

High score of conscientiousness.

A "high score" would show a person who is hardworking, dependable, and organized.

High score of openness.

A "high score" would show a person with curiosity, wide range of interests, and independency.

What is counseling psychology?

A similar discipline of that of clinical psychology but focuses on emotional, social, vocational, and health- related outcomes in individuals who are considered psychologically healthy.

High score of neuroticism.

Anxiousness, unhappiness, and common feelings of negative emotions.

What are developmental psychologists "interested in"?

Developmental psychologists are interested in processes related to physical maturation.

Define Developmental psychology.

Developmental psychology is the scientific study of development across a lifespan.

What are these fives trait dimensions that propose the initiative action of a certain individual? (O.C.E.A.N)

Dimensions of conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extraversion

What did early developmental psychologists focus primarily on?

Early developmental psychologists focused primarily on changes that occurred through reaching adulthood, providing enormous insight into the differences in physical, cognitive, and social capacities that exist between very young children and adults.

Where have evolutionary psychologists have success in finding experimental correspondence?

Evolutionary psychologists have had success in finding experimental correspondence between observations and expectations.

What is the evolutionary psychology study focus?

Evolutionary psychology seeks to study the ultimate biological causes of behavior.

Examples of areas in which evolution can make predictions upon human behavior.

Examples include memory, mate choice, relationships between kin, friendship and cooperation, parenting, social organization, and status.

What do forensic psychologists do?

Forensic psychologists are also used in the jury selection process and witness preparation.

What are forensic psychologists involved in?

Forensic psychologists are also used in the jury selection process and witness preparation. They may also be involved in providing psychological treatment within the criminal justice system.

What is forensic psychology?

Forensic psychology is a branch of psychology that deals questions of psychology as they arise in the context of the justice system.

Low score openness.

From a "low score" of the individual a practical, conventional, and preference of routine is represented.

Low score of conscientiousness.

From a "low score" of the individual an impulsivity, carelessness, and disorganization would be represented.

What does health psychology focus on?

Health psychology focuses on how health is affected by the interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.

High score of agreeableness.

Helpfulness, trustworthiness, and empathetic capability.

What are these organization psychologists involved in within the company they work for?

I-O psychologists are often involved in issues related to personnel management, organizational structure, and workplace environment.

Where is there difference within men and women that suggests an internal preference that came to be from evolution?

In one example, in a study of mate preference differences between men and women that spanned 37 cultures, Buss (1989) found that women valued earning potential factors greater than men, and men valued potential reproductive factors (youth and attractiveness) greater than women in their prospective mates.

What is Industrial-Organizational psychology (I-O psychology)?

Industrial-Organizational psychology (I-O psychology) is a subfield of psychology that applies psychological theories, principles, and research findings in industrial and organizational settings.

Explain conscientiousness within the five factor model. (C)

Involves competence, self-discipline, thoughtfulness, and ambition.

Explain agreeableness within the five factor model. (A)

Involves cooperativeness, trustworthiness, and good-nature characteristics.

Explain openness within the five factor model. (O)

Involves imagination, feelings, actions, and ideas.

Explain extroversion within the five factor model. (E)

Involves sociability, assertiveness, and emotional expression.

Explain neuroticism within the five factor model. (N)

Involves tendencies involving instability on emotions.

How is cognitive psychology similar to biological psychology involving its hierarchy and branchings as a type of psychology?

Like biological psychology, cognitive psychology is broad in its scope and often involves collaborations among people from a diverse range of disciplinary backgrounds.

What did Milgram find within his studies?

Milgram found that nearly two-thirds of his participants were willing to deliver what they believed to be lethal shocks to another person, simply because they were instructed to do so by an authority figure (in this case, a man dressed in a lab coat).

How has the study of personality changed in terms of approaches?

More recently, the study of personality has taken on a more quantitative approach.

What is biological psychology a component of?

Neuroscience.

What is one drawback of evolutionary psychology?

One other drawback of evolutionary psychology is that the traits that we possess now evolved under environmental and social conditions far back in human history, and we have a poor understanding of what these conditions were. This makes predictions about what is adaptive for a behavior difficult.

There are actual psychological associations for each ethnic community, what are some?

Other organizations provide networking and collaboration opportunities for professionals of several ethnic or racial groups working in psychology, such as the National Latina/o Psychological Association (NLPA), the Asian American Psychological Association (AAPA), the Association of Black Psychologists (ABPsi), and the Society of Indian Psychologists (SIP).

What is an experienced believed to be contrived of?

Our experience (or perception) is complex and is influenced by where we focus our attention, our previous experiences, and even our cultural backgrounds.

High score of extroversion.

Outgoing, warm, and seeks adventure.

What is "Personality psychologies" focus?

Personality psychology focuses on patterns of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique.

What contrives personality traits?

Personality traits are relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, and many have proposed that five trait dimensions are sufficient to capture the variations in personality seen across individuals.

What do social psychologist conduct research on?

Social psychologists conduct research on a wide variety of topics that include differences in how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behaviors of others, prejudice, and attraction, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts.

What does social psychology focus on?

Social psychology focuses on how we interact with and relate to others.

Who was Stanley Milgram?

Stanley Milgram was an American social psychologist who is most famous for research that he conducted on obedience.

If someone were interested say for reasons of employment within the domain of sensation and perception, what factors would be of examples involving the type research of this work?

Temperature, sights, sounds, touch sensations, and smells.

What is the American Psychological Association (APA)?

The APA is a professional organization representing psychologists in the United States. The APA is the largest organization of psychologists in the world, and its mission is to advance and disseminate psychological knowledge for the betterment of people. There are 56 divisions within the APA, representing a wide variety of specialties that range from Societies for the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality to Exercise and Sport Psychology to Behavioral Neuroscience and Comparative Psychology.

What is the approach taken by most evolutionary psychologists?

The approach taken by most evolutionary psychologists is to predict the outcome of a behavior in a particular situation based on evolutionary theory and then to make observations, or conduct experiments, to determine whether the results match the theory.

What is the biopsychosocial model?

The biopsychosocial model suggests that health/illness is determined by and interaction of these three factors.

What are some of the research interests of biological psychologists?

The sensory and motor systems, sleep, drug use and abuse, ingestive behavior, reproductive behavior, neurodevelopment, plasticity of the nervous system, and biological correlates of psychological disorders.

What do developmental psychologists focus on in elaboration?

Their focus is not limited to the physical changes associated with aging, as they also focus on changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, social behavior, and other psychological attributes.

What did early theorist believe on how an individual's personality develops?

These early theorists attempted to explain how an individual's personality develops from his or her given perspective.