I/O Psych fill in the blanks, I/O Psych Final 3/3, I/O Psych Final 1/3, Industrial Organizational Psychology Module 5, I/O Chapter 15, I/O Chapter 14, I/O Chapter 13, I/O Chapter 12, I/O Chapter 11, I/O Chapter 10, I/O Chapter 9, I/O Chapter 8, I/O C...
On average, organizations annually spend about _____ per employee on training.
$1,100
Which of the following represents the strongest correlation?
-.47
The level of statistical significance that we use in psychology is:
.05
Because 40% of employees in the labor force have a child under the age of 18, approximately _____ of organizations have an on-site child care center.
1% (very few)
Approximately what percentage of organizations have gainsharing plans?
11%
Approximately what percentage of workplace deaths are homicides?
12%
If ____ White applicants and ____ Black applicants were hired, adverse impact would occur.
15 of 50 / 2 of 25
In order for a case of discrimination to be investigated by the EEOC, the complaint must be filed within _____ days of the discriminatory act.
180
I/O psychology first started about:
1903
The _____ were characterized by passage of several major peices of civil rights legislation.
1960's
Which of the following characteristics suggests that a collection of five employees is a team rather than a "group" or a "committee?"
The members use casual language
Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines whether a collection of employees is a team rather than a "group" or a "committee?"
The members use casual language
Which of the following components of a sexual harassment policy would be illegal?
The punishment must be severe
In general, the majority of the research comparing college student samples with actual employee samples conclude that college students behave _____ real world samples.
The research results are inconsistent
Approximately ____ of employees change jobs each month.
2%
Most drugs can be detected for ______ after use.
2-3 days
Research indicates that about ___ percent of job satisfaction is genetically determined.
30
Research indicates that about ___ percent of job satisfaction is genetically determined.
30
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) forbids an employer from discriminating against an individual over the age of:
40
If a supervisor had 10 employees, how many paired comparisons would she have to make for each performance dimension?
45
The majority of research i the field of I/O psychology is conducted at universities using students as subjects rather than employees. In fact, college students serve in approximately _____ percent of all published I/O research.
50%
According to national statistics, the average salary for women in the U.S. is approximately _____ of the average salary for men.
82%
Because many employees provide elder care, approximately _____ of organizations provide company-sponsored elder care referral services and ___ provide a company-sponsored elder care facility. to help alleviate stress to their employees.
9%/1%
____ of employees think their attendance record is better than their coworkers.
90%
In the past few years, about _____ discrimination complaints were filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
90,000
_____ is an easily employed method which allows employees to communicate their opinions, complaints, suggestions, etc., to management at virtually any time.
A suggestion box
The _____ is an excellent job analysis method for information about the work environment.
AET
The _____ is an excellent job analysis method for information about tools and equipment.
AET
Which of the following job analysis techniques is NOT a good source of information about competencies?
AET
Raja has been working for Shahidi Enterprises for five years. She works by herself in a building sorting mail. She is allowed two 20-minutes breaks each day and can take them whenever she wants. In an empowerment chart, at what level would she be at regarding her authority to make decisions about when these two breaks should occur?
Absolute
Raja has been working for Shahidi Enterprises for five years. She works by herself in a building, sorting mail. She is allowed two 20-minutes breaks each day and can take them whenever she wants. In an empowerment chart, at what level would she be at regarding her authority to make decisions about when these two breaks should occur?
Absolute
expert legitimate reward coercive referent
According to French and Raven, what are the major types of power
lack of training lack of intelligence personality disorders
According to Hogan, what are the three reasons leaders are not successful?
change one's leadership style to fit the existing climate change followers' perceptions of the climate change the climate
According to IMPACT theory, what are the four strategies for becoming an effective leader
-informational style in a climate of ignorance -magnetic style in a climate of despair -position style in a climate of instability -affiliation style in a climate of anxiety -coercive style in a climate of crisis -tactical style in a climate of disorganization
According to IMPACT theory, what are the six leadership styles and their corresponding climates
instrumental supportive participative achievement-oriented
According to path-goal theory, what are the four leadership styles
_______ means a particular employment decision results in negative consequences more often for members of one protected group than for another.
Adverse impact
Which of the following does not fit the profile of the typical perpetrator of workplace violence?
Age 21
If you have a small number of incumbents in a job (6 people), how many should you interview as part of your job analysis?
All 6
Which of the following is an area of potential use for performance appraisals?
All of these Employee training and feedback Training needs assessment Validation of employment testing
Which of the following is NOT a personal consequence of stress?
All of these are consequences
Which of the following was NOT a reason why you should understand research and statistics?
All of these are reasons
Which of the following interventions are designed to ease the stress associated with child care?
All three are designed to reduce stress
Which of the following interventions are designed to ease the stress associated with child care?
All three are designed to reduce stress a. Referral services b. On-site child care centers c. Flextime
Which of the following services is NOT needed by layoff victims?
All three are needed
Which of the following is NOT true about the effects of layoffs?
All three are true
Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining the effectiveness of an incentive program?
All three factors should be considered
Hogan (1989) has identified characteristics associated with poor leadership. According to your text, which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with poor leadership?
All three of these are associated
Based on the material presented in your text, which of the following is NOT an exception to the requirement of determining that an employment practice is job related?
All three of these are exceptions
Which of the following ratings would not be used in a 360-degree feedback system?
All three of these would be used Self-ratings Peer ratings Supervisor ratings
Which of the following types of "fit" is NOT related to increased job satisfaction?
All three result in increased job satisfaction
Which of the following types of harassment are NOT illegal?
All three types are illegal
Which of the following will increase the response rates to mailed surveys?
All will increase response rates
The _______ is thought to be the most important piece of employment legislation since the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
Americans with Disabilities Act
An excellent group job-analysis interview technique is the:
Ammerman technique
Josh conducted a job analysis by convening a panel of experts and having the panel identify the objectives and standards that are to be met by the ideal incumbent. What method of job analysis is Josh using?
Ammerman technique
To ensure that subjects are participating in a study of their own free will, researchers must obtain:
An informed consent from the participant
Having support groups in which downsized employees can vent would be most useful during which of the following stages?
Anger
I/O psychology is a branch of psych that _____ in the workplace.
Applies the principles of psychology
Which of the following should a leader NOT do to reduce groupthink?
Apply pressure on members to conform
Which of the following research methods uses previously collected company records?
Archival
Which of the following is NOT a method for handling communication overload?
Assimilation
Which of the following is NOT a step in changing organizational culture?
Avoiding rituals
Mary always asks her boss if she needs help and is willing to stay late. Beth talks negatively about her coworkers and keeps important information from them. Which of the following is true?
Beth and Mary are both playing politics
Bill is an excellent typist, Fred is average, and John is just learning to type. If an audience started to watch them type, we would expect ____ to do better and ____ to do worse.
Bill / John
Bill is an excellent typist, Fred is average, and John is just learning to type. If an audience started to watch them type, we would expect ____ to do better and ____ to do worse.
Bill / John
In _____ , a neutral outside party listens to the arguments of both sides in a conflict and then makes a decision that each side must accept.
Binding arbitration
In which of the following ADR methods does a neutral third-party make a decision that both sides must abide by?
Binding arbitration
Which of the following is NOT an alternative to layoffs?
Both are alternatives
Which of the following are criticisms of biodata?
Both are criticisms 1. The validity of biodata may not be stable 2. Some biodata items may not be legal
Which of the following is NOT important for readability?
Both are important
The Harvard Business Review is an example of a:
Bridge publication
Which of the following sections in a thorough job description can be used in help wanted advertisements, internal job posting, and company brochures?
Brief summary
Which of the following assessment center techniques allows the applicant to demonstrate such attributes as creativity, decision making, and ability to work with others?
Business games
Melba is under a great deal of pressure and seems to be feeling the effects of stress. Which of the following should she eliminate from her diet?
Caffeine
Julie provides information to Temea who provides information to Juan who provides information to Julie. This is an example of which type of communication network?
Chain
Which of the following would most likely say "If it ain't broke, break it"?
Change agent
Which of the following would most likely say If it ain't broke, break it?
Change agent
Julie provides information to Temea who provides information to Juan who provides information to Julie. This is an example of which type of communication network?
Circle
According to Hogan (1989) poor leaders are unable to learn from experience and are unable to think strategically. Which characteristic is this a description for?
Cognitive deficiencies
In the 1989 case of Walker v. Secretary of the Treasury, a district court found that a darker skinned black illegally fired a lighter skinned black employee. Which of the following protected classes were at issue in this case?
Color
Level of responsibility, mental demands, and education requirements would be potential _____ factors.
Compensable job
The first step in evaluating a job is to decide what factors differentiate the relative worth of jobs. These are called _____ factors.
Compensable job
Which of the following sections in a thorough job description contains what is commonly called job specifications?
Competencies
Which of the following is NOT a decision making strategy associated with the Vroom-Yetton model?
Consultative III
Most research in industry uses a _____ sample.
Convenience
A hotel room attendant does not show up to clean his rooms on a given day. Due to his absence, the other room attendants are assigned additional rooms to clean. This scenario BEST exemplifies which criteria of group membership?
Corresponding effects
According to Denton (1996), what is the first step in implementing change?
Creating an atmosphere for change
Generating examples of good and bad performance, and categorizing these examples based on their similarities and differences with other examples, best defines which job analysis method?
Critical incident technique
In meta-analysis conducted to see if a particular training method is better than another, the proper effect size to use would be:
D
Meta-analyses looking at the difference between two groups would use ___ as the effect size whereas meta-analyses looking at the relationship between two variables would use ___ as the effect size.
D / R
The best method(s) to use in analyzing a job appears to be:
Dependent on how the information will be used
The variable that we expect to change as a result of our manipulation is called the:
Dependent variable
The job evaluation process determines the amount of money that a job is worth; this amount is called _____ compensation.
Direct
Which of the following would a student in a doctoral program usually have to complete but a student in a master's program would not?
Dissertation
Bad, or negative stress is called:
Distress
_______ communication flows directly from a supervisor to employee.
Downward
Counseling programs designed to help employees reduce stress are called:
EAPs
Which need theory has three levels of needs and allows individuals to skip levels?
ERG theory
Regardless of the official start date, I/O psychology was born in the:
Early 1900's
Which of the following survey methods has the lowest response rate?
Which of the following is the main difference between job sharing and part-time employees?
Employee commitment
Two employees are performing the same job and are required to meet the same standards; however, one employee makes $2 per hour more for the job. According to which theory will the lower paid employee be unsatisfied because he feels he is being treated unfairly in comparison to his coworker?
Equity theory
If a researcher calculated a correlation coefficient of r= 1.27 between two variables, you would conclude that there is a(n):
Error in calculation
According to Sherriton and Stern (1997), what is the fifth and final step in assessing the new culture following organizational change?
Evaluation of the new culture
If an organization's compensation plan is competitive with other similar organizations', they are said to have:
External equity
Salary surveys are used to determine:
External equity
What field research gains in _____ it loses in _____.
External validity/ control
The _____ is an excellent job analysis method for obtaining the physical abilities needed to perform a job.
F-JAS
If an employee threatens another employee with violence, the employee should be:
Fired
Larry is a junior at Raynes College and has trouble sleeping. He keeps worrying about not getting a job when he graduates and never finding the right person to marry. Larry's stress might be the result of:
Forecasting
Wasting time and energy worrying about the future and asking "What if?" are good examples of:
Forecasting
How many paragraphs does the typical cover letter contain?
Four
Which of the following can establish practical significance for adverse impact?
Four-fifths rule
The ______ protects against unreasonable search and seizure.
Fourth Amendment
To get accepted into a graduate program in I/O psych, a student usually must take which of the following standardized tests?
GRE
_____ was the first real court case that addressed the issue of job relatedness.
Giggs V. Duke Power
The _____ were a husband and wife team who were among the first scientists to improve productivity and reduce fatigue by studying the motions used by workers.
Gilbreths
After conducting a salary equity evaluation we find that Bob is underpaid by $2000 and Bill is overpaid by $2000. We would probably:
Give Bob a raise and leave Bill's salary alone
Which of the following performance appraisal dimensions focuses on what an employee accomplishes?
Goals
Julie was a leader throughout junior high and high school. She is bright and is well-adjusted. How good of a manager would we predict she would be?
Good
Julie was a leader throughout junior high and high school. She is bright and is well-adjusted. How good of a manager would we predict she would be?
Good
_______ incentive plans often result in social loafing.
Group
_______ incentive plans often result in social loafing.
Group
______ refers to the extent to which group members like and trust one another.
Group cohesiveness
Which of the following is true about the effect of individual dominance in a group.
Group performance will increase if the dominating person is competent
Which of the following is true about the effect of individual dominance in a group.
Group performance will increase if the dominating person is competent
Which type of rating error does not necessarily rate all employees similarly?
Halo
Changes in employee behavior that result from an employee being studied or receiving increased attention from managers is called the:
Hawthorne Effect
______ leaders are insecure and seldom rock the boat or cause trouble.
High likability floater
Andrew is a 21-year old white male. He is an excellent employee who doesn't seem to have much of a life outside of his work. His only hobby is hunting and gun collecting. Which is the only part of this profile that is not consistent with the typical perpetrator of workplace violence?
His age
According to _______, leaders are one of six behavioral types and each type is only effective in a particular situation.
IMPACT theory
Which of the following is NOT a criteria for being a group?
Identification
Which of the following is NOT a criteria for being a group?
Identification
Which of the following is the biggest reason that employees miss work?
Illness
Which of the following leadership types is not high in task orientation?
Impoverished
Which of the following leadership types is not high in task orientation?
Impoverished
Allowing employees to make decisions about their jobs:
Increased decision making does all three
Which of the following characteristics suggests that a collection of five employees is a team rather than a "group" or a "committee?"
Increased social distance
Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines whether a collection of employees is a team rather than a "group" or a "committee?"
Increased social distance
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of email?
Increased use of nonverbal cues
The variable that is manipulated in an experiment is the _____ variable.
Independent
Manipulating the _____ best distinguishes experimental research methods from other research methods.
Independent variable
Job analysis interviews are conducted to determine:
Information about the job itself
To ensure ethical treatment of subjects, universities have:
Institutional review boards
Which of the four behavioral leadership styles proposed by House calls for planning, organizing, and controlling the activities of employees?
Instrumental
In job evaluation, compensable factors would be associated with determining _____, whereas salary surveys would be associated with determining _____.
Internal equity/ external equity
______ communication is the exchange of a message across a communication channel from one person to another.
Interpersonal
The use of correlational analysis does not allow you to infer a cause and effect relationship. This is because a third variable, a(n) ______ variable, often accounts for the relationship between the two variables.
Intervening
Which of the following is the most common method of conducting a job analysis?
Interview
The main difference between quasi-experiment and an experiment is that the independent variable:
Is manipulated in the experiment
Which of the following is a disadvantage of working from home?
It is difficult to enforce safety and fair treatment standards
Fred's parents tell him to try his best in college. Fred's first semester GPA is 1.8 and his parents are mad. What was wrong with the goal set for Fred?
It was not specific
______ help reduce the potential for stress that comes from role conflict and role ambiguity.
Job
The gathering, analyzing, and structuring of information about a job's components, characteristics, and requirements is a process called:
Job analysis
The _____ is the process of determining the work activities and requirements, and the _____ is the written result.
Job analysis/ job description
Which theory hypothesizes that enriched jobs are the most satisfying?
Job characteristics model
According to the author, the section of a job description which contains the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics necessary to be successful on the job is labeled _____; the section containing a list of tasks and activities in which the worker is involved is labeled _____.
Job competencies/ work activities
Andre is completing a questionnaire containing over 400 items covering five major categories: tools and equipment, perceptual and physical requirements, mathematical requirements, communication requirements, and decision making and responsibility. Andre is using the:
Job components inventory
______ is the process of determining a job's worth.
Job evaluation
An organization interested in measuring the overall satisfaction level of its employees rather than the employees' satisfaction with several job facets would probably use the _____ to measure satisfaction.
Job in General Scale
A revised version of the Position Analysis Questionnaire which is used by a job analyst rather than a job incumbent is the:
Job structure profile
A job evaluation concerns the worth of the _____, not the worth of the _____.
Job/ person
Which of the following is a leading journal in I/O psychology?
Journal of Applied Psychology
Which of the following tips is probably not conducive to effective listening?
Judging what the speaker is saying
Which source of conflict results when geographical boundaries or lines of authority are unclear?
Jurisdictional ambiguity
Which of the following is another name for a job competency?
KSAOs
Organizations have affirmative action plans for one of four reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of the four reasons?
Labor union agreement
_____ research sacrifices external validity for control of extraneous variables whereas _____ research sacrifices the control of extraneous variables for external validity.
Laboratory/ Field
Clarence has been under a great deal of stress at work. His wife told him that they should watch some sitcoms on TV. Her advice is sound because laughter can:
Laughter
According to your text, _______ is probably the only training program in the country concentrating on changing the situation rather than the leader.
Leader Match
What is the name of Fiedler's training program?
Leader Match
According to your text, _______ is probably the only training program in the country concentrating on changing the situation rather than the leader.
Leader Match
What is the name of Fiedler's training program?
Leader Match
______ Theory states that leaders develop different roles and act differently with different subordinates .
Leader-Member Exchange
French and Raven (1959) propose five types of power that a leader can use. Which of the following types of power is inherent in the position a person holds?
Legitimate
French and Raven (1959) propose five types of power that a leader can use. Which of the following types of power is inherent in the position a person holds?
Legitimate
______ are employees who receive most of the information through a grapevine and, in turn, pass it on to others.
Liaisons
Which of the following is a good listening habit?
Listens for central themes
A task statement rated _____ on frequency and ____ on importance would be left out of the job description.
Low/ low
A top executive never receives negative information from her staff. This is known as _______ and is a disadvantage of _____ communication.
MUM effect / serial
Which of the following contain articles usually written by professional writers who have little expertise in a given field?
Magazines
According to the IMPACT theory of leadership, which of the following behavioral styles works best in a situation of despair?
Magnetic
According to the IMPACT theory of leadership, which of the following behavioral styles works best in a situation of despair?
Magnetic
A manager is about to make a decision regarding work schedules. He has been with the company for 20 years and has all of the information needed to make the decision. Though work schedules are a touchy issue, the manager is well thought of by his employees. How should he make the decision?
Make the decision himself
When an organization determines where it wants to be when compared with the compensation policies of other organizations, they are determining their:
Market position
______ theory states that individuals have five major types of hierarchical needs is:
Maslow's
_______ is a method of reaching conclusions based on the statistical combination of several previous research studies.
Meta- Analysis
The statistical "averaging" of effect sizes across previous empirical studies defines:
Meta-analysis
Which of the following is true about gender and race differences in stress?
Minorities are more stressed than nonminorities
Which of the following is true?
Most employees keep in touch with work while on vacation
Which of the following is NOT true about rater training?
Most organizations spend considerable time training supervisors how to rate performance
Autocratic I Autocratic II Consultative II Consultative I Group II
Name and briefly describe the five decision-making strategies in the Vroom-Yetton model
Flexitour - flexible hours that must be scheduled one week in advance Modified flexitour - flexible work hours that must be scheduled one day in advance Gliding time - flexible hours that need no advance scheduling
Name and briefly describe the three common flexible working schedules F
paper cow meeting cow speed cow
Name and briefly describe the three types of sacred-cow hunts
change agent change analyst receptive changer reluctant changer change resisters
Name and describe the five types of people involved with change
_______ are leaders who overcome their insecurity by overconfidence.
Narcissists
_______ are leaders who overcome their insecurity by overconfidence.
Narcissists
AT&G does not have any female employees. Ann Smith applied for a job as a machine operator. Though she did not obtain the minimum score of 40 on the machine operator test, AT&G plans to hire her as part of their new affirmative action plan. There are 10 men who passed the test who did not get hired. Is this legal?
No, an applicant must be qualified to be given preference based on gender or race
All employees at Wally World Amusement Park are required to work on weekends because that is when 80% of the customers visit the park. Alex likes to go to church on Sunday morning and asks that he not have to work on Sunday. Must the park accommodate his request?
No, because going to church in the morning is a preference and he can go in the evening
Which of the following is NOT a nonverbal cue category?
Noise
Which of the following is NOT a nonverbal cue category?
Noise
_____ is the interference that affects proper reception of a message.
Noise
Which of the following aspects of noise would most reduce employee performance?
Noise that is high pitched
Which of the following is true about brainstorming?
Nominal groups are best at creating idea
____ listeners attend to information that is consistent with their way of thinking.
Nonconforming
A researcher sent a survey containing 5 questions to a sample of 500 employees. The wording was easy to understand and the researcher offered a financial incentive yet few employees returned the survey. What might be the reason for this low response?
None of the 3 is a reasonable explanation
The _____ is the job analysis method created by the federal government to replace the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT).
O*NET
______ is a conscious decision not to process certain information whereas ____ is an attempt to deal with every message received.
Omission / error
Psychologists involved in _____ study leadership, job satisfaction, and employee motivation.
Organizational Psychology
Which of the following practical uses of job analysis may discover lapses in organizational communication?
Organizational analysis
Which of the following levels of employee input and control is the first to remove a "redundant system?"
Ownership of own product
Tavris Manufacturing gives its employees 10 vacation days, 3 personal days, and 11 holidays, and 5 paid sick days per year. Edmunds Industries gives its employees 29 days of paid time off for any reason in which the employee chooses to use them. Edmunds Industries is using a ______ program.
PTO
______ teams consist of representatives from various departments within an organization.
Parallel
_______ plans are also called earnings-at-risk plans.
Pay-for-performance
I/O psych examines factors that affect the _____ in an organization, whereas business fields examine the broader aspects of running an organization.
People
An organization decides to send cashiers who have a high incidence of shortages on the job to a retraining program in order to correct this problem. This practice demonstrates which type of needs analysis?
Person analysis
I/O psychologists who are involved in ________ study and practice in such areas as employee selection, job analysis, and job evaluation.
Personnel psych
Which of the following statements probably refers to a problem associated with an "open door" policy rather than serial communication?
Potential for excessive communication
Your text lists several sources of conflict. Which one is NOT listed as a source of conflict?
Power
Which of the following relaxation techniques is designed to relax the body?
Progressive muscle relaxation
Which of the following populations is used to statistically determine discrimination?
Qualified work force
Even though they lack control, _____ are used due to _____ reasons.
Quasi-experiments/ ethical & practical
A _____ implies that each person in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
Random sample
A large research sample is nice to have, however, it may not be necessary if the experimenter can choose a _____ sample and control for many of the _____ variables
Random/ Extraneous
Once task statements have been written, the next step is to:
Rate the task statements
Which of the following would most likely say If it's broke, I'll help fix it?
Receptive changer
_____ is the process of attracting people with the right qualifications to apply for the job.
Recruitment
Which of the following methods of avoiding downsizing is based on the premise that most economic recessions last less than a year?
Reduced employee pay
According to French and Raven, power for leaders may lie in the positive feelings that others hold for them. Which of the following is the term used for this type of power?
Referent
The statistical method most commonly used in a salary equity study is:
Regression
Which of the following is NOT an important principle used in writing a resume?
Relativity
Which of the following pieces of information is NOT required to use the Taylor-Russell tables?
Reliability
When an organization does not want its phones tied up with applicants calling, which of the following advertisement types would it NOT use?
Respond by calling
Xui Li was yelled at by her boss because she has not been doing all of her duties. She is anxious and depressed because she never knows what tasks are hers and what tasks are supposed to be performed by others. Xui Li's stress level can probably be explained by:
Role ambiguity
Darnell was hired as a cook's assistant but all he has been doing for the past five months is clean tables and take out the trash. Darnell's stress level can probably be explained by:
Role conflict
A researcher finds a strong correlation between job satisfaction and performance. What can he conclude form this correlation?
Satisfaction and performance are related
Job rotation, job enlargement, and job enrichment attempt to satisfy needs at which level?
Self-actualization needs
Which of the following can help reduce stress?
Self-empowerment
Which of the following can help reduce stress?
Self-empowerment
You used an email survey, your results would be representative of the population in terms of:
Sex
_______ exercises allow the trainee to work with equipment and in an environment like that found in the actual job.
Simulation
When one employee passes information to another, who passes the information to another, they are using what type of grapevine pattern?
Single strand
_____ self-esteem focuses on an individual's feelings in a particular situation whereas _____self-esteem focuses on how a person feels about himself based on the expectations of others.
Situational / socially influenced
A factor that is related to Fiedler's Contingency Model is the favorableness of a situation. According to this theory, the favorableness of a situation is determined by three variables. Which of the following is NOT one of these three variables?
Size of the organization
According to your text, if you are interested in improving group performance, what should the group's composition be in terms of the homogeneity of its members?
Slightly heterogeneous
According to your text, if you are interested in improving group performance, what should the group's composition be in terms of the homogeneity of its members?
Slightly heterogeneous
Which of the following is NOT a proactive way to reduce stress?
Smoking
Which of the following group roles encourages group cohesiveness and group participation?
Social
Which of the following is true about employees' desire for empowerment?
Some want empowerment and some don't
Which of the following is true about employees' desire for empowerment?
Some want empowerment and some don't
The case law most pertinent to privacy issues and psychological testing is:
Soroka v. Dayton Hudson
Significance levels tell us the _____ significance of a study and effect size tells us the _____ of a study.
Statistical/ Practical significance
After all the data have been collected, the results are then:
Statistically analyzed
_______ is based on the assumption that tests that predict a particular component of one job should predict performance on the same component for another job.
Synthetic validity
Which of the following is good advice for handling organizational change?
Take the initiative and don't be afraid
A commonly used instrument to measure a person's need for power and affiliation is the:
Thematic Apperception Test
Which of the following is the reason for WHY a study obtains certain results?
Theory
set goals provide feedback reward excellent performance treat employees fairly put new employees with motivated older employees
Taking the entire chapter into consideration, what are the key elements in motivating employees hire employees that have a predisposition to being motivated
Creating a list of tasks that are thought to be involved with a job, and having job incumbents rate the tasks on scales such as frequency of occurrence and importance, best defines which job analysis method?
Task analysis
Which of the following leadership styles is high in both person and task orientation?
Team
_____ is an example of an ergonomic centered job analysis method.
The AET
A specialized job analysis interview that uses groups and focuses on objectives is:
The Ammerman Technique
_____ is a structured job analysis method containing 194 items and is difficult to read.
The PAQ
Promoting people until they reach their highest level of incompetence is called:
The Peter Principle
Shahidi Industries has a policy of promoting employees who perform well. Unfortunately, many of the people promoted do not become effective supervisors. Currently there is a crisis because most of the supervisors are getting poor performance reviews. Shahidi Industries seems to be a good example of:
The Peter Principle
Which of the following is true about most child care centers?
They don't accept sick children
Which of the following is true about voucher systems for child care?
They probably don't reduce employee absenteeism
Which of the following is true of job titles?
Titles should describe the nature of a job Job titles can affect perceptions of job status Titles provide workers with identity
Fred smokes about half a pack of cigarettes a day. Although he takes Vitamin B supplements, during the day, he is tired, irritable, and has trouble concentrating. What might be the culprit?
Too much smoking
After organizational change has occurred, what is the first step in assessing the new culture?
Training
_____ leadership focuses on task-oriented behaviors whereas _____ leadership focuses on long-term goals.
Transactional / transformational
Which of the following would NOT be discussed during financial counseling?
Transferable skills
In constructing a band, how many standard errors are normally used?
Two
In a _____ ethical dilemma, there is a high level of uncertainty as to what is right or wrong.
Type A
Which of the following would be least likely to react negatively to stressors?
Type B
Which of the following would be least likely to react negatively to stressors?
Type B personalities
In the task statement, "Types correspondence to be sent to vendors," _____ is the action and _____ is the object.
Types/ correspondence
Assigning a task to a group instead of an individual is best under what circumstances?
Under both circumstances
Even though the _____ are not law, courts have granted them "great deference."
Uniform Guidelines
Compared to Ph.D.'s master's level graduates are less often employed by:
Universities
The greatest number of Ph.D. I/O psychologists work in:
Universities
Maria is under a great deal of stress. What vitamin supplement would we recommend for her?
Vitamin B
Which of the following can be used to help make decisions?
Vroom-Yetton Model
According to meta-analyses, which of the following is the most effective way to reduce absenteeism?
Well pay
Faces Scale Job Descriptive Index Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire Job in General Scale Nagy Job Satisfaction Scale
What are five scales used to measure job satisfaction
use of temporary employees outsourcing encouraging career change early retirement programs work schedule adjustments
What are five strategies an organization can use to reduce the need for downsizing
personality amount of exercise laughter diet smoking amount of sleep
What are some factors that can affect our predisposition to stress
linking attendance to consequences reducing employee stress reducing illness not hiring absence prone employees
What are some strategies for increasing attendance
withdrawing winning at all cost persuasion negotiation cooperative problem solving third-party intervention
What are the common reactions to conflict
denial defense discarding adaptation internalization
What are the five stages in employee acceptance of change
intelligence dominance masculinity self-monitoring
What are the four characteristics related to leader emergence
full-time flexible hours compressed work week reducing work hours working from home
What are the four common flexible work arrangement strategies
Fry GraphFlesch FOG Dale-Chall
What are the four commonly used indexes?
intimacy personal distance social distance public distance
What are the four communication zones?
air temperature humidity air flow temperature on objects in the environment
What are the four components of effective temperature
multiple members that see themselves as a unit belonging to the group must be rewarding to the members corresponding effects share a common goal
What are the four factors that define a group
self-esteem locus of control self-efficacy Affectivity
What are the four factors that make up a person's core evaluation
single strain gossip probability cluster
What are the four grapevine patterns
forming storming norming performing
What are the four stages in team development
pay-for-performance merit pay
What are the individual incentive plan
person-organization fit Work Environment change Relations with others
What are the organizational characteristics associated with stress
profit sharing gain sharing stock options
What are the organizational incentive plans
pleasers internal time keepers striver sinner con artists critical judges worriers saber tooths
What are the seven types of stress personalities
omission error queing escape use of gatekeeper use of multiple channels
What are the six common reactions to communication overload
leisure inclusive stylistic technical empathetic non-conforming
What are the six listening styles
concrete and specific high but reasonable self-set versus assigned
What are the three characteristics of properly set goals
expectancy instrumentality valence
What are the three components to expectancy theory
chronic situational socially influenced
What are the three types of self-esteem
seminars ensure success by initially assigning easy tasks supervisors show confidence in employees
What are the three ways to increase self-esteem
eustress and distress
What are the two types of stress
radiation and evaporation
What are the two ways that the body tries to maintain homeostasis
isolates liaisons dead-enders
What are the types of grapevine employees
security measures employee screening management awareness
What are three ways to reduce workplace violence
individual differences Met expectations Enjoyable tasks enjoyable supervisors and coworkers outwardly happy coworkers Equity change for challenge and growth
What causes employees to be satisfied with their jobs
group homogeneity stability of membership isolation outside pressure group size group status
What factors affect group cohesiveness
group cohesiveness communication structure group roles presence of others individual dominance groupthink
What factors affect group performance
pleasantness of the noise type of task difficulty of the task individual differences necessity of the noise familiarity of the noise
What factors determine how noise will affect employee performance and satisfaction
number of syllables per word sentence length number of words per sentence number of unusual words
What factors determine readability
male in his 40's self-esteem is tied to his job easy access to guns loner
What is the profile for the typical bersker
attendance turnover commitment performance motivation organizational citizenship behaviors
What works behaviors is job satisfaction correlated with
An individual's orientation toward intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is measured by the:
Work Preference Inventory
If a job can only be performed by a person in a particular class, the requirement is considered:
a BFOQ
Leaders who are high in task orientation and low in person orientation will have:
a high grievance rate
A non-smoker may not feel comfortable working for a tobacco company because of:
a lack of person-organization fit
People who like to make decisions and take charge run into problems when they are hired by an organization that is team oriented. This trouble is probably the result of:
a lack of person-organization fit
People who like to make decisions and take charge run into problems when they are hired by an organization that is team oriented. This trouble is probably the result of:
a lack of person-organization fit
According to two meta-analyses, if an organization developed a worksite fitness program, it could expect _____ in employee absenteeism.
a small decrease
According to Path-Goal Theory, a manager who sets challenging goals and rewards increases in performance has a(n) _____ style of leadership.
achievement-oriented
According to Path-Goal Theory, a manager who sets challenging goals and rewards increases in performance has a(n) _____ style of leadership.
achievement-oriented
A manager asks an employee to study an issue and report back with recommendations on how the issue can be resolved. In this example, the employee is at the _____ level of input and control.
advisory
A manager asks an employee to study an issue and report back with recommendations on how the issue can be resolved. In this example, the employee is at the _____ level of input and control.
advisory
POWs who were isolated from other prisoners had a lower need to live than POWs housed with older soldiers. This negative emotional reaction demonstrates the need for:
affiliation
Sue is motivated by jobs in which she can help others, whereas Bob is motivated by the desire to influence others. Sue has a high need for _______ and Bob has a high need for _______.
affiliation / power
POWs who were isolated from other prisoners had a lower need to live than POWs housed with older soldiers. This negative emotional reaction demonstrates the need for:
affiliation
Hypothesis are based on:
all 3 of these
Continued exposure to high levels of noise is associated with:
all of these
Research on compressed work weeks indicates that compressed schedules are associated with:
all of these
The 1964 Civil Rights Act (Title VII) and its 1972 and 1991 amendments cover:
all of these
Sexual harassment results in:
all of these are results
Leaders who are high in both task and person orientations will have:
all of three of these results
Which of the following is NOT an example of nonverbal communication:
all three are example of nonverbal communication
Role _____ is when an individual's job duties and performance expectations are not clearly defined.
ambiguity
Internal, organization-wide electronic communication networks are called:
an intranet
Most incidents of workplace violence are the result of:
another crime being committed
A conflict resolution strategy in which a neutral third party listens to all parties involved in a conflict and then makes a decision is called:
arbitration
"English only" requirements at work are:
are legal if they are job related
Type B personalities:
are less likely to react negatively to stress
Compared to employees with only one job, moonlighting employees:
are no different in terms of performance
The statistical significance of research results tells us the probability that:
are results were due to chance
Ms. Brown has all of her awards and certificate she has earned on her wall. She is using _____ to communicate her personality.
artifacts
Information that is _____ has been modified to fit an individual's existing beliefs and knowledge.
assimilated
The Civil Rights Act has also been interpreted by the courts to cover such issues as sexual harassment, age harassment, and race harassment. These issues are related to the organization's:
atmosphere
A communication method that facilitates upward communication by asking employees to rate their opinions on such things as pay or working conditions is known as the ______.
attitude survey
A group of managers is watching a group of workers on an assembly line. The effect the managers will have on the performance of the workers is known as:
audience effects
A person who ignores conflict and hopes it will go away is using a(n) _______ style.
avoiding
A person who manages conflict by ignoring it is using a(n) _____ style whereas someone who always gives in to others and risks hurting himself uses a(n) ____ style for handling conflict.
avoiding / accommodating
During flextime working hours, ___ refer(s) to the total number of potential hours available for work each day?
bandwidth
Unlike the Fourteenth Amendment, for an employment practice to be potentially illegal under the Civil Rights Act, the discrimination does not have to:
be intentional
Feedback is most effective when it focuses on an employee's ______ and the supervisor explains how the behavior impacts _____ .
behavior / others
Carole's organization brought in a consultant who suggested that her company increase the level of job enrichment for her position. On the basis of research, this change should result in Carole:
being all three of the above
Asking a coworker out on a date is sexual harassment if:
both options must occur
In a change made ________, employees will most likely accept the change.
by a respected leader
The courts have clearly ruled that a customer's satisfaction and/or preference ________ used to determine if a job requirement is a BFOQ.
cannot be
When the courts make a decision, the decision becomes:
case law
With ______, an employee works on an irregular or as-needed basis.
casual work
A good example of a _______ interview question is "Your resume says that you worked for the AMFAM Club, what is that?"
clarifying
A new manager is assigned staff who are unsure about a task but are willing to do it. She should use a ______ approach.
coaching
A new manager is assigned staff who are unsure about a task but are willing to do it. She should use a ______ approach.
coaching
When two or more people perform the same task in the presence of one another, the effect on the behavior is known as:
coaction
When two or more people perform the same task in the presence of one another, the effect on the behavior is known as:
coaction
Four bank tellers are working side-by-side. This arrangement will result in:
coaction effects
If students don't understand the vocabulary that a professor is using, the culprit may be:
cognitive ability
High effective temperatures adversely affect performance on:
cognitive, physical, and perceptual tasks
People probably join a group such as a fraternity or sorority because of:
common interests
Anita is typing and starts to make mistakes when she notices that the person sitting next to her is typing much faster and making fewer mistakes. Anita's increase in mistakes is probably due to:
comparison
Anita is typing and starts to make mistakes when she notices that the person sitting next to her is typing much faster and making fewer mistakes. Anita's increase in mistakes is probably due to:
comparison
Knowledge, skill, ability, and personality are types of:
competencies
Some organizations try to ease the daily-chore burden on their employees by providing:
concierge services
A manager who asks such questions as "Why are we doing this?" and "How and when did we start doing this?" is:
conducting a sacred cow hunt
A manager who asks such questions as "Why are we doing this?" and "How and when did we start doing this?" is:
conducting a sacred cow hunt
Role _____ is when our work expectations and what we think we should be doing don't matchthe work we actually have to perform
conflict
You would like to hire employees who will not miss work. Your best bet would be to hire applicants who score high on the personality dimension of:
conscientiousness
The personality dimension of _____ is the best predictor of performance whereas _____ is the best predictor of promotions.
conscientiousness / extraversion
With a _______, the agency agrees with a judge that it has not hired or promoted enough members of a protected class and is willing to make changes.
consent decree
If managers allow their performance ratings of one employee to affect their performance ratings of another employee, they have committed a _______ error.
contrast
A local grocery store has identified hours that everyone must work. These hours are known as:
core
When something affects one member of the group, it affects all members. This is known as ______ and is a criterion for being considered a group.
corresponding effects
Most of the people who commit workplace violence are:
criminals committing other crimes
Under Situational Leadership Theory, a leader uses one of these four behavioral styles:
delegating/directing/supporting/coaching
When employees receive word of downsizing, the first stage they go through is:
denial
When organizations undergo change, the first stage employees go through is called:
denial
Employees who are paid for learning specialized skills are participants in a ____ skill plan.
depth
According to the CCH Survey of Absenteeism Control Policies, ______ is the most commonly used policy but _____ is the policy rated by HR managers as being most effective.
disciplinary action / paid leave bank
Differences in average salaries between men and women is the result of:
discrimination vocational choice educational opportunities
To create a good atmosphere for change, it is important for an organization to create:
dissatisfaction with current system
Janice is angry about a promotion decision. She is convinced that she was the best candidate and can't believe she wasn't offered the job. Janice's dissatisfaction is consistent with research on:
distributive justice
Most companies that downsize:
do not increase their financial success
In performance appraisal, critical incidents are an important part of the _____ process.
documentation
According to research by Eden (1998), training supervisors to use the Pygmalion Leadership Style:
does not increase subordinate self-esteem
According to research by Eden (1998), training supervisors to use the Pygmalion Leadership Style:
does not increase subordinate self-esteem
When communication overload gets too extreme an employee might begin to miss a lot of work or even resign. This method of handling communication overload is known as:
escape
Stress that is converted to positive energy is called:
eustress
If a law is passed at the federal level, states may pass laws that _____ the rights granted in the federal law, states may not pass laws that will _____ the rights granted in the federal law.
expand / diminish
In expectancy theory, _____ is the perceived relationship between the amount of effort an employee puts in and the resulting outcome, and ______ is the extent to which the outcome of a worker's performance will result in a particular consequence.
expectancy / instrumentality
Dave is the owner of Cohen's Sassy Designs. He takes great effort to make sure that his employees know that if he promises a reward, he will always keep his word. Dave seems to believe in:
expectancy theory
Managers whose power comes from their knowledge have ____ power whereas leaders who obtain power because of their position have ______ power.
expert/legitimate
Managers whose power comes from their knowledge have ____ power whereas leaders who obtain power because of their position have ______ power.
expert/legitimate
Salary surveys help establish:
external equity
Meta-analyses indicate that several traits differentiate excellent leaders from poor leaders. Intelligence is one of the traits and _______ is another.
extraversion
The supervisor at a local grocery store schedules individual monthly meetings with her four employees to let them know how they are doing in their respective areas. The supervisor is
feedback
According to Mohandie (2014), if an employee threatens another employee with violence, the employee should be:
fired
What is the lowest level of employee input and control?
following
What is the lowest level of employee input and control?
following
People who use a(n) _______ conflict managing style, handle conflict in a win-lose manner and do what it takes to win with no regard for other people.
forcing
A _____ conflict style handles conflict in a win-lose fashion whereas a _____ style adopts give and take tactics.
forcing / compromising
Larry is a junior at Raynes College and has trouble sleeping. He keeps worrying about not getting a job when he graduates and never finding the right person to marry. Larry's stress might be the result of:
forecasting
Larry is a junior at Raynes College and has trouble sleeping. He keeps worrying about not getting a job when he graduates and never finding the right person to marry. Larry's stress might be the result of:
forecasting
In the _____ stage of team development, team members get to know each other and decide what roles each member will play.
forming
According to House's path goal theory, a leader can adopt one of ____ behavioral leadership styles to handle each situation.
four
Lilly is working on a group project with three other students. The project is going great so Lilly decides to reduce her effort. The theory that best explains her social loafing is:
free-rider
Making goals _______ would not increase their effectiveness.
general
Berserkers typically:
give indications about future violence
The most flexible work schedule is:
gliding time
Some people have a high need for attention. The _____ yells a lot for attention and the _____ gets attention by poking fun at others.
grenade / friendly sniper
In Yellowstone National Park, a small group of employees runs a fast food operation which is physically removed from all of the larger lodges in town. These employees comment that they feel separated from the company's other operations; however, each summer this group tends to be a tight-knit group. This exemplifies:
group isolation
Social impact theory is related to:
group size
Increasing the perception that a group is difficult to obtain membership in helps to increase:
group status
A situation in which a group becomes so cohesive and like-minded that it makes poor decisions by ignoring information relevant to the decision-making process is:
groupthink
Not having the group leader state his/her own position in the decision making process, and having the group leader promote open discussion and encourage group members to speak are ways to reduce the effects of:
groupthink
When a group becomes too cohesive and insulated from outside help, _____ is likely to occur:
groupthink
An employee who ______ might be vulnerable to being downsized.
has a lot of idle time
In general, research on Maslow's theory:
has shown that people skip levels
When employees feel stressed and take a "mental health day," they:
have a short-term decrease in stress
Based on the Path Goal theory, House (1971) believes that a leader's behavior will be accepted by subordinates only to the extent to which the behavior:
helps subordinates achieve their goals
Based on the Path Goal theory, House (1971) believes that a leader's behavior will be accepted by subordinates only to the extent to which the behavior:
helps subordinates achieve their goals
People scoring _____ in self-monitoring should be effective leaders.
high
Research indicates that flexible working schedules are associated with each of the following criteria except:
higher levels of fatigue
According to your text, the greatest problem with all of the employee comparison methods is that they do not provide information about _______.
how well an employee is actually doing
A job analysis is typically conducted by:
human resource department
The effective temperature in an environment is higher when:
humidity is high and air flow is low
Every Friday, a group of bank employees wear matching tee-shirts with the logo of their bank's baseball team. This best demonstrates the needs for:
identification
When a layoff is announced, employees should be told:
in person
People under stress do all of the following except:
increase productivity
A leader with a ____ style of leadership would function best in a climate of ignorance.
information
A leader with a ____ style of leadership would function best in a climate of ignorance.
information
A waiter is asked to increase his check average by "suggestively selling" appetizers, salads, and desserts. It has been explained to the waiter that the larger his check average, the more he will make in tips. However, the waiter does not believe that suggestive selling will actually result in increased tips. In this scenario, the waiter's belief that suggestive selling is not likely to result in more tips exemplifies:
instrumentality
The president of Peso Bank tries to motivate employees by giving them $1,000 every time he notices them providing excellent customer service. The problem is that the president is never in the branch offices. According to the ____ component of expectancy theory, this plan will not motivate employees.
instrumentality
Clay is very intelligent and Joshua is not very bright. On the basis of the meta-analysis by Griffeth, Hom, and Gaertner (2000), we would expect Clay to be _________ with his job and Joshua to be ______ satisfied with his job.
intelligence is not related to job satisfaction
If you were to develop a test to determine who would be most satisfied with their jobs, you would probably develop a test that would identify people with a high level of:
internal locus of control
When organizations undergo change, the final stage employees go through is called:
internalization
The type of person analysis that yields in-depth answers about training needs and more clearly reveals employee feelings and attitudes is the ________.
interview
Husbands and wives usually use the _____ spatial distance zone whereas people transacting business will use the _____ zone.
intimacy / social
Jean is the 2nd highest paid employee at Reilly, Inc. She has worked there 3 years and wants to take 4 weeks of unpaid leave to have a baby. She gave the company 45 days notice but they rejected her request. Under the FMLA, the company can do this because she:
is a key employee
Informal changes that employees make in their jobs is called:
job crafting
With _______ employees are given more tasks to do at one time, whereas _____ means that an employee performs the same number of tasks at one particular time and then moves on to other tasks for a specified time.
job enlargement / job rotation
Determining the worth of a job defines:
job evaluation
Bob works from 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. every day as a clerk; Sue works in that same position except from 1:00 p.m. -5:00 p.m. They are working an alternative work schedule called:
job sharing
Bob works from 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. every day as a clerk; Sue works in that same position except from 1:00 p.m. ‑5:00 p.m. They are working an alternative work schedule called:
job sharing
Many teams are formed to solve problems but are not given sufficient authority to conduct their business. This is a problem involving:
lack of empowerment
The Vroom-Yetton Model of Leadership focuses on_______
leader decision making
According to one study, the best way to hire a CEO is look for:
leadership early in the applicant's career
In negotiation, a BATNA will affect a person's:
least acceptable result
A type of distribution error in which a rater tends to rate every employee at the upper end of the scale is called _______ error.
leniency
Documentation helps reduce the effects of all the following except ______.
leniency
A group comprised of 12 members will be _____ cohesive and have ____ morale than one comprised of five members.
less / lower
Research has indicated that employees hired due to affirmative action programs are perceived by coworkers as:
less competent
Reuben had certain expectations about his new job and his new company. After three months on the job, Reuben realized that the reality of the job and the organization were different from his expectations. Reuben is likely to be:
less satisfied and less committed and will probably leave the organization
Information that is ____ has unimportant details removed.
leveled
If 97% of managers hear information through the grapevine and then pass the information on, they are most accurately referred to as:
liaisons
If 97% of managers hear information through the grapevine and then pass the information on, they are most accurately referred to as:
liaisons
Almost half of the time that managers spend communicating with others is devoted to:
listening
Leaders who are high in person orientation and low in task orientation will have:
low turnover
Leaders with ____ styles lead through energy whereas a leader with affiliation style leads through _____.
magnetic / liking
With the critical incident methods of needs assessment, job dimensions with ______ should be targeted for future training.
many bad incidents
A conflict resolution strategy that involves a neutral third party who helps both sides reach a mutually agreeable solution is known as:
mediation
Akira closes his eyes and engages in several minutes of slow, rhythmic breathing. He is trying to reduce stress through:
meditation
Shota closes his eyes and engages in several minutes of slow, rhythmic breathing. He is trying to reduce stress through:
meditation
Janelle will receive $1,000 if her performance appraisal score is at least a 4.0. It sounds like Janelle is under a _____ plan.
merit pay
Janelle will receive $1,000 if her performance appraisal score is at least a 4.0. It sounds like Janelle is under a _____ plan.
merit pay
Social information processing theory focuses on:
modeling of behavior
High LPC leaders perform best when the situational favorability is:
moderate
According to a meta-analysis by Griffeth and his colleagues (2000), absenteeism and turnover are:
moderately correlated (r = .21)
According to research, employees who work 12-hour shifts are _____ than those working 8‑hour shifts.
more fatigued
To help employees cope with stress and personal problems, ______ employers provide employee assistance programs (EAPs).
most (74%)
To help employees cope with stress and personal problems, ______ employers provide employee assistance programs (EAPs).
most (74%)
An internal force that drives a worker to perform well is:
motivation
In expectancy theory, the three components are ____ to get an overall motivation index.
multiplied
In expectancy theory, the three components are ____ to get an overall motivation index.
multiplied
Conducting a _______ analysis is the first step in developing an employee training system.
needs
Social inhibition involves the ___ effects of the presence of others on individual behavior whereas social facilitation involves the ___ effects of the presence of others.
negative / positive
Type B personalities:
never feel stressed
Babies, birthdays, and ballgame scores are commonly communicated through:
newsletters
Sara was out of work for 9 months before being hired by Midwest Medical Supplies. Midwest has treated Sara well, gave her a raise during a time in which the company was losing money, and sent her to several expensive training programs to help her career. Sara has been offered a job at a competitor that would increase her salary by $10,000. Though accepting the new job would seem to be an easy decision to make, Sara feels she should remain with Midwest. Her commitment to Midwest is a good example of:
normative commitment
A problem with the observation method of job analysis is that it is often:
obtrusive
According to the 2014 SHRM Benefits Survey, the most common type of wellness program offered by employers is:
on-site vaccinations
According to the 2014 SHRM Benefits Survey, the most common type of wellness program offered by employers is:
on-site vaccinations
In a quid pro quo case of sexual harassment, ____ sexual advance(s) must have been made.
one
During the job analysis interview, the questions asked should be:
open ended
Job satisfaction is most related to:
organizational commitment
Role ____ develops when employees feel they lack the skill or workplace resources to complete a task.
overload
Which of the following levels of employee input and control is the first to remove a "redundant" system?"
ownership of own product
Bill is required to complete five forms for every request he makes. Bill is upset because he considers theses forms to be examples of a:
paper cow
The tone, tempo, and volume in which one speaks is a nonverbal cue known as:
paralanguage
Insecure leaders who are outwardly charming but resent successful people are known as _____ whereas leaders who overcome their insecurity by being overconfident are known as _____.
paranoids-passive aggressive / narcissists
Employees at Denton Electronics receive $3 for each electrical switch they assemble. Denton is using a _____ system.
pay-for-performance
The Thematic Apperception test measures needs for:
personality, values, or attitudes.
Rating a potential source of frustration on a scale of 1 to 10 is an example of:
perspective taking d. residual stress
Employees on the 7th floor go to lunch together and employees on the 2nd floor play together in a city basketball league. These examples demonstrate the importance of ____ in forming groups.
physical proximity
Employees on the 7th floor go to lunch together and employees on the 2nd floor play together in a city basketball league. These examples demonstrate the importance of ____ in forming groups.
physical proximity
The barriers to interpersonal communication that can cause conflict are:
physical/cultural/psychological
Organizational change can be encouraged by all of the following except:
play by everyone else's rules
Research by McClelland and Burnham (1976) and McClelland and Boyatzis (1982) has demonstrated that high performance managers have a "leadership motive pattern." This pattern is characterized by a high need for ____ and a low need for ______.
power / affiliation
In the _____ grapevine, one employee passes information to only a few people who randomly pass the information to others, whereas in the ____ grapevine, those few people pass that information on to a few other selected employees.
probability / cluster
Sally is angry about a promotion decision. Though she is not sure that she was the best candidate, she feels that she never really got the chance to demonstrate her skills. Sally's dissatisfaction is consistent with research on:
procedural justice
Employees at Roth Robotics receive a bonus at the end of each year. The bonus is based on the amount of money the company made during the year. Roth is using a _______ system.
profit sharing
Because they are expensive, time-consuming to score and administer, and lack reliability and validity, _______ tests such as the Rorschach Ink Blot Test are seldom used by I/O psychologists.
projective
Of the following, the most common way that employers try to reduce employee stress related to child care is to:
provide a child care referral service
Matt constantly posts charts and graphs indicating the latest production statistics. Matt seems to believe in:
providing feedback
Tests of ______ ability might contain measures of finger dexterity and manual dexterity aptitudes.
psychomotor
Dealing with communication overload by prioritizing which information should be dealt with first refers to:
queuing
The human body cools down two different ways. These are through:
radiation and evaporation
According to the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, an employee filing a discrimination complaint with the EEOC regarding pay discrimination, has 180 days from when she:
received her last pay check
What the receiver actually hears refers to ____ of the message; how this information is interpreted refers to ____ of the message.
reception/decoding
Though Congress did not provide a list of disabilities, it did define disability in part as "having a record of such impairment." Which of the following "disabilities" would qualify under this part of the definition?
recovering alcoholics
If an employee feels she is underpaid for the effort she exerts, she will probably:
reduce her effort
To construct a wage trend line, I would use:
regression
Operant conditioning focuses on:
reinforcement of behavior
It is illegal to use an individual's religion in an employment decision unless the nature of the job involves:
religion
Bob has been frustrated with his job for the last three months. He was given two new assignments to complete in addition to his regular duties. To make matters worse, his computer is too slow to handle the programs he needs to run. Bob's stress level can probably be explained by:
role overload
Poorly substantiated information is known as:
rumor
Juan has an internal locus of control and a high self-esteem. We would predict that he would be:
satisfied with both his life and job
Benefits provide ______ and variable pay provides _____.
security / incentive
Conducting a literature review means:
seeing if similar research has been conducted
Job analysis can serve as a foundation for:
selecting employees training employees evaluating employee's performance
A leader who uses an achievement-oriented style:
sets goals and rewards performance
A leader who uses an achievement-oriented style:
sets goals and rewards performance
The manager of a retail store notices that 7% of the inventory is missing. She doesn't know if the merchandise was stolen, lost, or broken. This missing inventory is called ______ and is one of the criteria used to validate integrity tests.
shrinkage
In a reference check over the telephone, Bob says that his former employee Ted was a real jerk and couldn't be trusted. Ted might sue Bob for:
slander
According to ____ "new" employees who work with highly satisfied "old" employees are more likely to be highly satisfied themselves.
social information processing theory
A member of a small task force has decreased the amount of his individual effort on the group's task. He is exhibiting:
social loafing
Every memo that Cheryl receives indicates that an immediate response is required. Cheryl thinks these timelines are unnecessary are nothing more than a:
speed cow
Every memo that Cheryl receives indicates that an immediate response is required. Cheryl thinks these timelines are unnecessary are nothing more than a:
speed cow
During the _____ stage of team development, team members often become frustrated with their roles.
storming
During the _____ stage of team development, team members often become frustrated with their roles.
storming
The physical and psychological consequences to stress are called:
strains
The psychological and physical reaction to certain events or situations is called:
stress
An employee determines if she is being treated equitably by ____ weighing the _____ inputs and outputs associated with herself and other employees.
subconsciously / perceived
An employee determines if she is being treated equitably by ____ weighing the _____ inputs and outputs associated with herself and other employees.
subconsciously / perceived
Mary notices that none of the other members of her group are working hard so she decides to lower her effort. Her behavior support the _____ theory of social loafing.
sucker-effect
A team of staff who are knowledgeable about a task but are not sure they want to do the task should be led by a ______ approach.
supporting
A leader who shows concern for employees has a ______ style of leadership, whereas one who lets employees participate in decision making uses a _____ style.
supportive/participative
A leader who shows concern for employees has a ______ style of leadership, whereas one who lets employees participate in decision making uses a _____ style.
supportive/participative
A leader with a _______ style leads through the use of strategy and is most effective in a situation of disorganization.
tactical
A difficult worker obsessed with completing a task quickly is classified as a _____, whereas one who dominates conversations and does not listen to other's ideas is a _____.
tank / know-it-all
A group member who coordinates the group's activities and finds new information is _____ oriented whereas one who's main role is encouraging and supporting others is ____ oriented.
task / social
Individuals from one part of the organization often rely on individuals from other departments in the company in order to meet common goals. Conflicts which arise between various groups is probably caused by:
task interdependence
Examples of ______ include setting goals, making decisions, and rewarding and punishing subordinates.
task orientation
According to Fiedler, what factors determine the favorability of a situation
task structuredness leader powerleader-member relations
Ms. Smith often misses the main point of a communication because she is interested in only the facts and main detail. She is a(an) _____ listener.
technical
Test-retest reliability taps ____ stability.
temporal
An employee thinks he is an idiot and will never be able to master the new computer system. The employee takes a training class on the new system and fails. This situation might best be explained by:
the Galatea effect
An individual does not like to do laundry but prefers to do laundry over studying for exams. Because doing laundry is liked more than studying, _______ predicts that the opportunity to do laundry will motivate a person to study.
the Premack principle
Managers constructing a reinforcement hierarchy for employees are probably using:
the Premack principle
An employee's supervisor places full confidence in the employee and believes that the employee can handle a fairly difficult task. This boosts the employee's self-esteem which in turn increases her performance. This phenomena is known as:
the Pygmalion effect
In general, empowering employees ______ job satisfaction and _______ stress.
the effects depend on the employee
Leaders can make decisions without consulting others unless:
the problem is unstructured
In general, the majority of the research comparing college students samples with actual employee samples conclude that college students behave _____ real world samples.
the research results are inconsistent
The East Barbarians softball team in the Great White North Softball League has continually improved its record over the nine years it has been in the league. Most recently, the East Barbarians, with the same team members as in the previous eight years, won the league championship for the first time. In this scenario, winning the championship probably BEST exemplifies the effects of:
the stability of group membership
An employment practice resulting in adverse impact may still be legal as long as:
the test used was job related
Though handwriting analysts are consistent in their judgment about script features, they are not consistent in:
their analysis of what these features mean
A manager wants to increase the quality of his employee's decisions. He should have:
them work in groups
Liam makes "to do" lists and carefully plans his schedule. He is trying to reduce stress through:
time management
If an empowered employee makes a wrong decision, a manager should:
train the employee
Visionary charismatic managers are often known as ____ leaders.
transformational
Raul's desk is located in a cubicle next to 30 other cubicles. Raul's company uses a ______ to design its office.
uniform plan
An administrative assistant who screens an executive's phone calls, opens his mail, and keeps rack of his appointments, exemplifies which approach to handling communication overload?
use of a gatekeeper
Henri is the president of a company with 10 employees. Each employee has full medical benefits and Henri doesn't have the time or knowledge to administer the benefits program. His best bet would be to:
use outsourcing
Henri is the president of a company with 10 employees. Each employee has full medical benefits and Henri doesn't have the time or knowledge to administer the benefits program. His best bet would be to:
use outsourcing
An employer will give $3 each month to every employee with perfect attendance. According to the _____ component of expectancy theory, this plan will not motivate employees.
valence
Sam Walton's strong emphasis on customer service at Walmart demonstrates the importance of ____ in being a great leader.
values
Sam Walton's strong emphasis on customer service at Walmart demonstrates the importance of ____ in being a great leader.
values
Which of the following is NOT one of the "Big 5" personality dimensions?
vigor
You have been asked to develop a program to reduce absenteeism in your organization. According to a meta-analyses, ______ would be the most effective method and _____ the least effective.
well pay / games
competition for resources task interdependence jurisdictional ambiguity communication barrier personality
what are the major reasons for conflict
job rotation job enlargement job enrichment
what are three ways to increase growth and challenge in a job
An employee sews garments for her company at home. Once a week she brings in the finished goods and gets paid. Her work situation would be called:
work at home
An example of a compressed work week involves:
working 4 days a week, 10 hours a day
Which of the following would most likely say If it ain't broke, break it?
Change agent
The human body cools down two different ways. These are through:
radiation and evaporation
The psychological and physical reaction to certain events or situations is called:
stress
Even though references are commonly used to screen and select employees, they have not been successful in predicting future employee success. The average uncorrected validity coefficient for references and performance is:
.18
Cover letters should never be longer than:
1 page
Because 40% of employees in the labor force have a child under the age of 18, approximately _____ of organizations have an on-site child care center.
1% (very few)
The cost to replace an employee who leaves is approximately:
1.5 times their annual salary
Employment agencies charge the company or the applicant when the applicant takes the job. The amount charged usually ranges from _______ of the applicant's first year salary.
10% to 30%
Approximately what percentage of organizations have gainsharing plans?
11%
Approximately ____ of employees change jobs each month.
2%
Which of the following is true about evaluating employee performance?
360-degree feedback is best used for developmental purposes
Approximately how many days of work does the average American miss each year?
4 days
Approximately how many days of work does the average American miss each year?
4 days
During a training session, breaks should be given approximately every:
60 minutes
____ of employees think their attendance record is better than their coworkers.
90%
Which of the following is true about employee absenteeism?
A relatively small number of employees are responsible for most of the unavoidable absenteeism
______ is an easily employed method which allows employees to communicate their opinions, complaints, suggestions, etc., to management at virtually any time.
A suggestion box
______ is an easily employed method which allows employees to communicate their opinions, complaints, suggestions, etc., to management at virtually any time.
A suggestion box
Which of the following criteria is a subjective measure of performance for a waitress?
A supervisor's rating of dependability
_____ determines whether a person can do the job properly and ____ determines whether that person will do it properly.
Ability / motivation
Which of the following does not fit the profile of the typical perpetrator of workplace violence?
Age 21
Which of the following is NOT a personal consequence of stress?
All of these are consequences Loss of hair Headaches Sore muscles
Which of the following methods is an employee comparison method?
All of these methods Forced distribution Rank order Paired-comparison
Which of the following does not affect the way in which a received message is interpreted?
All three affect the interpretation Bias Cognitive ability Emotional state
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of employer-based websites for recruitment?
All three are advantages Applicants can apply for jobs online Applicants can take employment tests online Applicants can be immediately screened
Which of the following interventions are designed to ease the stress associated with child care?
All three are designed to reduce stress Referral services On-site child care centers Flextime
Which of the following is good advice in asking for a letter of recommendation?
All three are good advice 1. Choose references who can provide information from multiple perspectives 2. 3.
Which of the following services is NOT needed by layoff victims?
All three are needed Financial counseling Career assessment Emotional counseling
Which of the following is NOT true about the effects of layoffs?
All three are true
Which of the following is NOT true about the effects of layoffs?
All three are true Victims have problems The local community suffers .Survivors have problems
Which of the following types of rewards has been shown not to increase performance?
All three can increase performance Financial Non-financial Social
Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining the effectiveness of an incentive program?
All three factors should be considered Contingency of the consequences Type of incentive used Timing of the incentive
Which of the following types of "fit" is NOT related to increased job satisfaction?
All three result in increased job satisfaction demands-abilities needs-supplies person-organization
Which of the following is NOT a consideration in selecting an icebreaker for a training program?
All three should be considered Nature of the audience Length of the training session Goal of the icebreaker
The process of counterbalancing test-taking order is used in which method of estimating reliability?
Alternate-forms reliability
Which of the following is NOT an ethical practice in providing references or writing letter of recommendation?
Always write a positive letter of recommendation
Having support groups in which downsized employees can vent would be most useful during which of the following stages?
Anger
Which of the following should a leader NOT do to reduce groupthink?
Apply pressure on members to conform
Which of the following selection methods uses multiple techniques and multiple observers to evaluate applicants as they perform different job-related tasks?
Assessment centers
Which of the following is NOT a method for handling communication overload?
Assimilation
Which of the following is NOT a step in changing organizational culture?
Avoiding rituals
Which of the following training methods requires trainees to discuss appropriate and inappropriate employee behaviors, watch the appropriate behavior being performed and role play the appropriate behavior?
Behavior modeling
Mary always asks her boss if she needs help and is willing to stay late. Beth talks negatively about her coworkers and keeps important information from them. Which of the following is true?
Beth and Mary are both playing politics
Which of the following is NOT an alternative to layoffs?
Both are alternatives Outsourcing
The ______ are (is) used to determine the amount of money that an organization would save if it used a particular test in place of the test it currently uses to select employees.
Brogden-Cronbach-Gleser formula
Even though a test is both reliable and valid, it is not necessarily useful. The _______ were/was developed to determine the amount of money that an organization would save if it used a particular test to select employees.
Brogden-Cronbach-Gleser utility formula
Which of the following is NOT a method to facilitate upward communication?
Bulletin board
Which training technique assigns a new employee with an experienced employee who is told to "show the kid the ropes?"
Coaching
According to your text, a performance appraisal instrument focuses on many areas. Which of the following is NOT one of the areas listed in your text?
Cognition
Which of the following is the best predictor of training proficiency?
Cognitive ability
What is the first step in constructing a structured interview?
Conducting a job analysis
Which of the Big 5 personality dimensions is the best predictor of employee performance?
Conscientiousness
______ noise has less of an effect on employee behavior than do many other aspects of noise.
Constant
Which of the following is NOT a decision making strategy associated with the Vroom-Yetton model?
Consultative III
According to Denton (1996), what is the first step in implementing change?
Creating an atmosphere for change
_______ validity is a measure which refers to the extent to which a test score is related to some measure of job performance.
Criterion
Which of the following performance appraisal evaluators is not common or well regarded by managers?
Customer
If you don't know the name of the person to whom you are sending your resume, use:
Dear human resource director
"Can you work weekends" and "Can you work overtime without notice" are examples of which type of interview question?
Disqualifier
_______ communication flows directly from a supervisor to employee.
Downward
_______ testing certainly is one of the most controversial testing methods used by personnel professionals.
Drug
Which of the following is NOT true about drug testing?
Drug testing is not accurate
Which of the following is the main difference between job sharing and part-time employees?
Employee commitment
Giving employees a 100-item test after they complete a training program is an example of which of the following training evaluation criteria?
Employee learning
Having trainees evaluate how much they learned from and enjoyed a training program taps which of the following criteria?
Employee reactions
Which of the following is the most important use of performance evaluation results?
Employee training and feedback
Two employees are performing the same job and are required to meet the same standards; however, one employee makes $2 per hour more for the job. According to which theory will the lower paid employee be unsatisfied because he feels he is being treated unfairly in comparison to his coworker?
Equity theory
According to Sherriton and Stern (1997), what is the fifth and final step in assessing the new culture following organizational change?
Evaluation of the new culture
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of job rotation?
Expands employees' levels of responsibility
_______ validity refers to the extent to which a test appears to be valid.
Face
Which of the following theories uses the Least-Preferred Coworker scale to help a person understand their leadership style?
Fiedler's contingency model
An employee who works only the morning shift each day has what kind of shift schedule?
Fixed
Which performance appraisal method assumes that employee performance is normally distributed?
Forced distribution
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the use of grade point average for employee selection?
GPA has low adverse impact
Which of the following performance appraisal approaches would have dimensions such as "prevent crimes from occurring" and "minimize citizen complaints"?
Goal focus
____ refers to an informal communication process in which one individual in the grapevine passes on information to a select group of people, with not everyone receiving the information.
Gossip
What type of rating scale is depicted below? Job knowledge: Poor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Excellent Dependability: Poor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Excellent
Graphic rating scale
______ refers to the extent to which group members like and trust one another.
Group cohesiveness
______ refers to the extent to which group members are similar.
Group homogeneity
Your text identifies eight factors that contribute to the poor reliability and validity of the interview process. Which of the following is NOT one of the eight factors?
Halo effect
An employee's ratings on the dimension of initiative are highly correlated with all of the other performance appraisal dimensions (e.g., cooperation, job accomplishment, job knowledge). Which type of rating error may be occurring?
Halo error
______ leaders are insecure and seldom rock the boat or cause trouble.
High likability floater
Andrew is a 21-year old white male. He is an excellent employee who doesn't seem to have much of a life outside of his work. His only hobby is hunting and gun collecting. Which is the only part of this profile that is not consistent with the typical perpetrator of workplace violence?
His age
According to _______, leaders are one of six behavioral types and each type is only effective in a particular situation.
IMPACT theory
Which of the following is the biggest reason that employees miss work?
Illness
______ listeners listen for the main ideas in communication whereas ______ listeners listen to the way communication is spoken.
Inclusive / stylistic
If you made an oral presentation to your class on listening styles, who would most likely remember how understanding each of the six styles can increase communicator effectiveness?
Inclusive listeners
Allowing employees to make decisions about their jobs:
Increased decision making does all three increases job satisfaction decreases absenteeism reduces turnover
Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines whether a collection of employees is a team rather than a "group" or a "committee?"
Increased social distance
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of email?
Increased use of nonverbal cues
Programmed instruction is effective because it takes advantage of several important learning principles. Which of the following is NOT one of the learning principles?
Information is presented in large units
Which of the following leadership styles is not high in person orientation?
Initiating structure
Which of the four behavioral leadership styles proposed by House calls for planning, organizing, and controlling the activities of employees?
Instrumental
Which of the following has both high validity and low adverse impact?
Integrity tests
_______ are designed to tell an employer the probability that an applicant would steal money or merchandise.
Integrity tests
Which of the following is the least useful predictor of future performance?
Interest inventories
Based on the available research, which of the following recruitment strategies may enhance employee moral and motivation?
Internal recruitment
______ communication is the exchange of a message across a communication channel from one person to another.
Interpersonal
_____ are employees who receive less than half of the information through a grapevine, whereas _____ hear most of the grapevine information but don't pass it on.
Isolates / dead‑enders
Fred's parents tell him to try his best in college. Fred's first semester GPA is 1.8 and his parents are mad. What was wrong with the goal set for Fred?
It was not specific
Which theory hypothesizes that enriched jobs are the most satisfying?
Job characteristics model
An organization interested in measuring the overall satisfaction level of its employees rather than the employees' satisfaction with several job facets would probably use the _____ to measure satisfaction.
Job in General Scale
Which training method allows trainees to experience working in many or all of the jobs in an organization, allows for greater flexibility in replacing absent workers, and helps improve job satisfaction?
Job rotation
______ is the attitude one has toward her job and ______ is the extent to which an employee identifies with and is involved with an organization.
Job satisfaction / organizational commitment
______ is the attitude one has toward her job and ______ is the extent to which an employee identifies with and is involved with an organization.
Job satisfaction / organizational commitment
Which of the following tips is probably not conducive to effective listening?
Judging what the speaker is saying
Which source of conflict results when geographical boundaries or lines of authority are unclear?
Jurisdictional ambiguity
When computing internal reliability, _____ is used for dichotomous items and _____ is used for interval and ratio items.
K-R 20 / coefficient alpha
Even though a test is both reliable and valid, it is not necessarily useful. The _______ were created to determine the probability that a particular applicant will be successful.
Lawshe tables
______ Theory states that leaders develop different roles and act differently with different subordinates .
Leader-Member Exchange
______ are employees who receive most of the information through a grapevine and, in turn, pass it on to others.
Liaisons
Which of the following is a good listening habit?
Listens for central themes
Which of the following measures of job satisfaction has the most number of factors?
MSQ
A top executive never receives negative information from her staff. This is known as _______ and is a disadvantage of _____ communication.
MUM effect / serial
A manager is about to make a decision regarding work schedules. He has been with the company for 20 years and has all of the information needed to make the decision. Though work schedules are a touchy issue, the manager is well thought of by his employees. How should he make the decision?
Make the decision himself
______ theory states that individuals have five major types of hierarchical needs is:
Maslow's
Which of the following will NOT contribute to effective transfer of training?
Massed practice
Which of the following sources contain reliability and validity information on various tests?
Mental Measurements Yearbook
______ is the basis for validity generalization.
Meta-analysis
Which of the following is true about gender and race differences in stress?
Minorities are more stressed than nonminorities
If an employee is to be terminated, when is the best time to inform the employee?
Monday afternoon
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to reference leniency?
Most applicants are highly skilled
Which of the following is true?
Most employees keep in touch with work while on vacation
Which approach to employee selection would administer several tests to employees one at a time, with the least expensive tests being administered first; would score the various tests on a pass/fail basis; and would continue to test each applicant until he/she failed one of the tests?
Multiple-hurdle approach
Which of the following factors would suggest emphasizing your strengths and concealing your weaknesses in an interview?
Negative information bias
Which of the following aspects of noise would most reduce employee performance?
Noise that is high pitched
____ listeners attend to information that is consistent with their way of thinking.
Nonconforming
Which of the following factors seems to have the strongest relationship with scores on a traditional interview?
Nonverbal cues
Hogan (1989) has identified three personality types that a poor leader might adopt. Which of the following is NOT one of the three personality types adopted by poor leaders?
Obsessive-compulsive
Which of the following is most likely to be satisfied with their jobs?
Older workers
______ is a conscious decision not to process certain information whereas ____ is an attempt to deal with every message received.
Omission / error
Which of the following types of needs analysis has the purpose of determining factors that either facilitate or inhibit training effectiveness?
Organizational
_______ are based on the premise that peoples' attitudes about theft as well as their previous theft behavior will accurately predict their future honesty.
Overt integrity tests
Which of the following levels of employee input and control is the first to remove a "redundant system?"
Ownership of own product
______ interviews involve several interviewers interviewing one applicant at the same time.
Panel
______ teams consist of representatives from various departments within an organization.
Parallel
Which of the following incentive plans is most geared toward short term performance?
Pay-for-performance
Which of the following incentive plans is most geared toward short term performance?
Pay-for-performance
_____ ratings have been successful in predicting future success of promoted employees but/and are _____ in organizations.
Peer / seldom used
____ are legal and scores on these tests are often compared to self-admissions of theft and the amount of goods lost by an organization.
Pencil-paper integrity tests
Which training needs assessment technique is concerned with an individual employee's training needs?
Person analysis
Promoting employees until they reach their highest level of incompetence is called the:
Peter Principal
Which recruitment method is based on the same principles used to market products to consumers?
Point-of-purchase methods
Which of the following methods of downward communication is often lengthy and difficult to understand?
Policy manuals
Which of the following methods of downward communication is often lengthy and difficult to understand?
Policy manuals
Which of the following statements probably refers to a problem associated with an "open door" policy rather than serial communication?
Potential for excessive communication
Overlearning
Practicing a task even after it has been successfully learned refers to: increases retention of material transfer of training
Your text identifies eight factors that contribute to the poor reliability and validity of the interview process. Which factor is related to why there is no relationship between interview length and outcome?
Primacy effect
Which of the following factors would suggest that making a favorable first impression is important?
Primacy effects
Which of the following relaxation techniques is designed to relax the body?
Progressive muscle relaxation
Which of the following will increase an applicant's attraction to an organization?
Provide realistic information in the ad
Which of the following is NOT a description of an effective resume?
Qualifications are embellished a little
_____ is the process of attracting people with the right qualifications to apply for the job.
Recruitment
Which of the following methods of avoiding downsizing is based on the premise that most economic recessions last less than a year?
Reduced employee pay
According to French and Raven, power for leaders may lie in the positive feelings that others hold for them. Which of the following is the term used for this type of power?
Referent
Which of the following is NOT a concern about using physical ability tests?
Reliability
Which of the following training methods is best for learning interpersonal skills?
Role play
_______ is an issue especially in projective or subjective tests in which there is no one correct answer.
Scorer reliability
Which of the following is not a component of a core self-evaluation?
Self-monitoring
______ is a person's ability to select, set, and modify goals to adapt to changing conditions.
Self-regulation
______ communication reduces the number of people who can talk to the top executive.
Serial
In determining if an employment decision is legal, the first question to ask is "does the employment practice directly refer to a member of a federally protected class? Which of the following is NOT a federally protected class?
Sexual orientation
_____ self-esteem focuses on an individual's feelings in a particular situation whereas _____self-esteem focuses on how a person feels about himself based on the expectations of others.
Situational / socially influenced
A factor that is related to Fiedler's Contingency Model is the favorableness of a situation. According to this theory, the favorableness of a situation is determined by three variables. Which of the following is NOT one of these three variables?
Size of the organization
Which of the following is NOT a proactive way to reduce stress?
Smoking
Woo-jin is normally a very satisfied employee. However, all the other employees at Surrette Manufacturing constantly complain. After a month, Woo-jin starts to complain. What theory would explain this change?
Social learning
Approximately what percent of employee absenteeism is due to illness?
Some (34%)
Approximately what percent of employee absenteeism is due to illness?
Some (34%)
The Spearman-Brown prophecy formula is used to adjust the correlation in which of the following reliability estimate methods?
Split-half method
An industrial/organizational psychologist correlates the responses to the even numbered items on a selection test with the responses to the odd-numbered items from the same test. Which of the following answers BEST describes the concern of the psychologist?
Split-half reliability
If a company has a high rate of promoting from within, which of the following may result?
Stale work force devoid of many ideas
Which of the following is the most complicated incentive plan?
Stock options
Which of the following plans is most geared toward long-term organizational performance?
Stock options
Which of the following types of person analysis methods eliminates the problems of performance rating errors and is based on the premise that employees know best their own strengths and weaknesses?
Surveys
Which of the following is good advice for handling organizational change?
Take the initiative and don't be afraid
Even though a test is both reliable and valid, it is not necessarily useful. The _______ are designed to estimate the percentage of future employees who will be successful on the job if an organization uses a particular test.
Taylor-Russell tables
If you made an oral presentation to your class on styles of listening, who would most likely remember the number of listening styles?
Technical listeners
Which of the following characteristics suggests that a collection of five employees is a team rather than a "group" or a "committee?"
The members use casual language
Which of the following is true regarding international comparisons of employee absenteeism?
There are large differences in absenteeism rates across countries
When would the use of subordinate ratings of a supervisor be least desirable?
There are only 1 or 2 subordinates
Which of the following is true about most child care centers?
They don't accept sick children
Fred smokes about half a pack of cigarettes a day. Although he takes Vitamin B supplements, during the day, he is tired, irritable, and has trouble concentrating. What might be the culprit?
Too much smoking
After organizational change has occurred, what is the first step in assessing the new culture?
Training
Which of the following performance appraisal approaches focus on employees' attributes such as their dependability, assertiveness, and friendliness?
Trait focus
_____ leadership focuses on task-oriented behaviors whereas _____ leadership focuses on long-term goals.
Transactional / transformational
Which of the following would NOT be discussed during financial counseling?
Transferable skills
A person who is competitive and impatient might be called a(n):
Type A personality
Which of the following would be least likely to react negatively to stressors?
Type B personalities
Assigning a task to a group instead of an individual is best under what circumstances?
Under both circumstances When the task involves taking chances When the task quality is most important
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for an assessment center? At least one simulation exercise Use of an interview Multiple assessment exercises Multiple assessors
Use of an interview
Which of the following would NOT be good advice about writing a cover letter?
Use officious words
About what percent of external hires in large organizations were recruited through print media?
Very few (2%)
Maria is under a great deal of stress. What vitamin supplement would we recommend for her?
Vitamin B
Of the four choices below, which is the worst predictor of employee performance?
Vocational interest
Which of the following can be used to help make decisions?
Vroom-Yetton Model
According to meta-analyses, which of the following is the most effective way to reduce absenteeism?
Well pay
An individual's orientation toward intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is measured by the:
Work Preference Inventory
Leaders who are high in task orientation and low in person orientation will have:
a high grievance rate
A private company whose website lists job openings for thousands of organizations and resumes for thousands of applicants is called:
a job board
A non-smoker may not feel comfortable working for a tobacco company because of:
a lack of person-organization fit
Discussing an employees' strengths and weaknesses on the job is characteristic of _______ to training.
a performance appraisal approach
To reduce the loss of productivity associated with coaching, some organizations such as Pitney-Bowes have ______.
adopted pass-through programs
If the selection rate for any of the protected groups is less than 80% of the selection rate for either white applicants or males, the test is considered to have _______.
adverse impact
The major disadvantage to job knowledge tests is that even though they do a good job of predicting performance, they often result in _______.
adverse impact
A manager asks an employee to study an issue and report back with recommendations on how the issue can be resolved. In this example, the employee is at the _____ level of input and control.
advisory
People who join a group to be with other people have ______ needs.
affiliation
Sue is motivated by jobs in which she can help others, whereas Bob is motivated by the desire to influence others. Sue has a high need for _______ and Bob has a high need for _______.
affiliation / power
When ___ is high we are unable to cool ourselves down through radiation. When ___ is high, we are unable to cool ourselves down through evaporation.
air temperature/humidity
Employees who perform well in training are generally:
all of the above bright goal oriented motivated
Research on compressed work weeks indicates that compressed schedules are associated with:
all of these a moderate reduction in absenteeism large increases in job satisfaction small increases in productivity
The ____ affects the quality of ratings provided by raters.
all of these are factors the feelings the rater has toward the ratee amount of stress in the rater's environment the race of the rater and the ratee
Research indicates that we retain 25% of information presented in meetings 48 hours after the meeting. The inability to retain this information is influenced by:
all of these are influences how well we listen to the information
Leaders who are high in both task and person orientations will have:
all of three of these results a low grievance rate
Which of the following is NOT an example of nonverbal communication:
all three are example of nonverbal communication body language how a person uses time the way in which a persons uses space
Which of the following is not an important factor in filing a complaint of age discrimination?
all three are important factors
Gandy and Dye (1989) believe that proper biodata items must:
all three of these are item standards 1. Deal with events under a person's control 2. Have answers that are verifiable 3. Be job related
Based on the Civil Rights Acts of 1866, 1964, and 1991 as well as the 14th Amendment, it is illegal to discriminate against a person based on race. According to Congress, all of the following are protected races except:
all three of these are protected races
For an employee to model another's behavior, employees must:
all three of these are required be able to reproduce the behavior be able to retain the information pay attention
When applicants respond to a newspaper advertisement by calling, they should:
all three would be great advice
Of the following, the most common way that employers try to reduce employee stress related to child care is to:
allow the employee to bring the child to work in an emergency
Role _____ is when an individual's job duties and performance expectations are not clearly defined.
ambiguity
Role _____ is when an individual's job duties and performance expectations are not clearly defined.
ambiguity
One of the concessionaires in Yellowstone National Park offers its employees a financial incentive for recommending applicants who are subsequently hired and remain on the job for a specific period of time. This BEST exemplifies:
an employee referral program
A performance appraisal instrument would be most useful in terminating an employee due to:
an inability to perform
If an organization provided the same training program twice a week, it would make sense for the training to be conducted by:
an internal trainer
Internal, organization-wide electronic communication networks are called:
an intranet
Most incidents of workplace violence are the result of:
another crime being committed
Though ______ are/is a valuable method of training, it has been said that unions often use them to restrict entry into their trades.
apprenticeships
A conflict resolution strategy in which a neutral third party listens to all parties involved in a conflict and then makes a decision is called:
arbitration
Compared to employees with only one job, moonlighting employees:
are no different in terms of performance
Meta-analysis results indicate that objective and subjective measures of performance:
are slightly correlated (r = .39)
Which of the following arrival times will have the most dramatic effect on an interview score?
arrive 5 minutes late
Ms. Brown has all of her awards and certificate she has earned on her wall. She is using _____ to communicate her personality.
artifacts
Information that is _____ has been modified to fit an individual's existing beliefs and knowledge.
assimilated
A communication method that facilitates upward communication by asking employees to rate their opinions on such things as pay or working conditions is known as the ______.
attitude survey
In _______, leaders reflect on their own ethics, core beliefs, and values.
authentic leadership
A person who ignores conflict and hopes it will go away is using a(n) _______ style.
avoiding
A person who manages conflict by ignoring it is using a(n) _____ style whereas someone who always gives in to others and risks hurting himself uses a(n) ____ style for handling conflict.
avoiding / accommodating
During flextime working hours, ___ refer(s) to the total number of potential hours available for work each day?
bandwidth
Feedback is most effective when it focuses on an employee's ______ and the supervisor explains how the behavior impacts _____ .
behavior / others
Carole's organization brought in a consultant who suggested that her company increase the level of job enrichment for her position. On the basis of research, this change should result in Carole:
being all three of the above being more satisfied being less likely to miss work being less likely to leave the company
Eye contact and touching are nonverbal cues known as:
body language
Single-group validity is very rare and is usually the result of _______.
both a and b methodological problems small sample sizes
Under IMPACT Theory, a leader can become effective by:
both a and b changing her style to meet the situation using strategy and affiliation
Though work samples are excellent selection tools for several reasons, the main reason for not using them is that they can be:
both are important reasons 1. expensive to construct 2.
An employee moving from Engineer I to Engineer II within a company is an example of a(n):
career progression promotion
According to your text, _______ are a good training method for teaching analysis and synthesis skills.
case studies
With ______, an employee works on an irregular or as-needed basis.
casual work
A type of distribution error in which a rater tends to rate every employee in the middle of the scale is called _______.
central tendency
Compared to employment agencies, executive search firms:
charge higher fees
Lectures, use of videos, discussions, and question and answer periods are activities which belong to which of the following training methods?
classroom training
Most general ability tests place the many specific aptitudes into one of three main dimensions. The _______ dimension includes verbal, numerical, logic, and general learning aptitudes.
cognitive
If students don't understand the vocabulary that a professor is using, the culprit may be:
cognitive ability
High effective temperatures adversely affect performance on:
cognitive, physical, and perceptual tasks
Although it can take a lot of time and effort, the best style for handling conflict is:
collaborative
An organization that provides food during training and allows the employees to choose the training topics, is trying to motivate employees to:
come to training
People probably join a group such as a fraternity or sorority because of:
common interests
Some organizations try to ease the daily-chore burden on their employees by providing:
concierge services
With a __________ validity design, the test is administered to a group of employees who are already on the job.
concurrent
The first step in creating an assessment center is to:
conduct a job analysis
A manager who asks such questions as "Why are we doing this?" and "How and when did we start doing this?" is:
conducting a sacred cow hunt
Because it is not uncommon for applicants to engage in resume fraud, references and letters of recommendation are used to:
confirm details on a resume
Role _____ is when our work expectations and what we think we should be doing don't matchthe work we actually have to perform
conflict
The personality dimension of _____ is the best predictor of performance whereas _____ is the best predictor of promotions.
conscientiousness / extraversion
Janice sends all of her new employees to a self-esteem workshop. She must believe in ______.
consistency theory
A researcher correlates scores on a test (Test 1) with scores on other tests (Test 2 and Test 3). The analysis demonstrates that the scores on Test 1 correlate highly with scores on Test 2 but do not correlate with scores on Test 3. This type of analysis is used to determine:
construct validity
The extent to which tests or test items sample what they are supposed to measure is related to the measure's _______ validity.
content
The extent to which tests or test items sample the content that they are supposed to measure refers MOST specifically to:
content validity
Janet is perceived by her dining room manager, Sarah, as the best waitress who ever worked for her. Naturally, Janet's ratings on her performance appraisal are all high. Tom, on the other hand, is an average waiter; yet, after evaluating Janet, Sarah's ratings of Tom are below average. This type of rating error is referred to as:
contrast error
Including a(n) ____ in the research design allows a researcher to look more closely at the effects of ______.
control group / outside factors
A local grocery store has identified hours that everyone must work. These hours are known as:
core
When something affects one member of the group, it affects all members. This is known as ______ and is a criterion for being considered a group.
corresponding effects
Most of the people who commit workplace violence are:
criminals committing other crimes
In recent years, the percentage of applicants failing drug tests has:
decreased
When employees receive word of downsizing, the first stage they go through is:
denial
When organizations undergo change, the first stage employees go through is called:
denial
The statement "It's not fair to pay a bad employee the same amount of money as an excellent employee" exemplifies the need for accurate performance appraisals in:
determining salary increases
A test predicts performance for two different groups of applicants (e.g., men and women); however, the test predicts the performance significantly better for men than it does for women. This exemplifies:
differential validity
If a test is valid for two groups, but more valid for one than the other it is said to have _______.
differential validity
According to Situational Leadership Theory, the most effective leader behavior to use on staff who are unable and unwilling to do a job is:
directing
According to the CCH Survey of Absenteeism Control Policies, ______ is the most commonly used policy but _____ is the policy rated by HR managers as being most effective.
disciplinary action / paid leave bank
To create a good atmosphere for change, it is important for an organization to create:
dissatisfaction with the current system
To create a good atmosphere for change, it is important for an organization to create:
dissatisfaction with the current system
Janice is angry about a promotion decision. She is convinced that she was the best candidate and can't believe she wasn't offered the job. Janice's dissatisfaction is consistent with research on:
distributive justice
Most companies that downsize:
do not increase their financial success
A job in which an employee continually lifts 25 pound boxes from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. requires:
dynamic strength
The most commonly used method to select employees is:
employment interviews
Whereas supervisors see the _______ of an employees effort, peers often see the _______.
end result / actual behavior
According to _______, an employee's motivation is related to how fairly she believes she is being treated compared to other employees.
equity theory
All of Armand's employees make the same amount of money but he thinks they lie to each other about how much they make. To stop this, he posts all salary information on the bulletin board.
equity theory
When communication overload gets too extreme an employee might begin to miss a lot of work or even resign. This method of handling communication overload is known as:
escape
If a disability keeps a person from performing the _______ of a job, the person does not have to be hired or retained.
essential functions
Stress that is converted to positive energy is called:
eustress
Dave is the owner of Cohen's Sassy Designs. He takes great effort to make sure that his employees know that if he promises a reward, he will always keep his word. Dave seems to believe in:
expectancy theory
An organization has difficulty getting enough qualified applicants from its existing employees to fill a vacant position. As a result, the organization seeks qualified applicants from outside the organization. This best exemplifies:
external recruitment
Meta-analyses indicate that several traits differentiate excellent leaders from poor leaders. Intelligence is one of the traits and _______ is another.
extraversion
If a police applicant is asked questions about her favorite hobbies and religious beliefs, she may feel the test is not valid. In this case, her impression demonstrates the importance of ______ validity.
face
Barnum statements are most associated with:
face validity
If test takers do not believe that items on a test measure what they are supposed to measure then the test probably lacks:
face validity
The supervisor at a local grocery store schedules individual monthly meetings with her four employees to let them know how they are doing in their respective areas. The supervisor is using a technique known as:
feedback
According to Mohandie (2014), if an employee threatens another employee with violence, the employee should be:
fired
Though there is some disagreement, psychologists today agree there are _______ main personality dimensions.
five
A _____ conflict style handles conflict in a win-lose fashion whereas a _____ style adopts give and take tactics.
forcing / compromising
Wasting time and energy worrying about the future and asking "What if?" are good examples of:
forecasting
When the two scores from alternate forms of a test are correlated and found to be similar, the test is said to have ________.
form stability
According to House's path goal theory, a leader can adopt one of ____ behavioral leadership styles to handle each situation.
four
Perhaps the best rater training program is ________.
frame-of-reference training
Martha's desk in located in a large area that is completely open. Her company uses a _______ to design its office.
freestanding
"Suppose that an angry customer started yelling at you in front of other customers. What would you do?" This type of interview question is an example of a:
future-focused (situational) question
Making goals _______ would not increase their effectiveness.
general
Employees using FMLA must:
give 30 days notice when possible
Berserkers typically:
give indications about future violence
The most flexible work schedule is:
gliding time
The most common type of rating scale is the _______scale.
graphic rating
Social impact theory is related to:
group size
Increasing the perception that a group is difficult to obtain membership in helps to increase:
group status
A situation in which a group becomes so cohesive and like-minded that it makes poor decisions by ignoring information relevant to the decision-making process is:
groupthink
Not having the group leader state his/her own position in the decision making process, and having the group leader promote open discussion and encourage group members to speak are ways to reduce the effects of:
groupthink
When a group becomes too cohesive and insulated from outside help, _____ is likely to occur:
groupthink
A _______ error occurs when a rater allows either a single attribute or an overall impression to affect their ratings.
halo
In general, research on Maslow's theory:
has shown that people skip levels
When employees feel stressed and take a "mental health day," they:
have a short-term decrease in stress
People scoring _____ in self-monitoring should be effective leaders.
high
Job satisfaction is most related to performance in:
high complexity jobs
Bob hates his work but will work hard if the supervisor is around to punish employees who are not working. Bob is probably ______ motivation.
high in extrinsic
According to your text, _____ emerge as leaders most often.
high self-monitors
Research indicates that flexible working schedules are associated with each of the following criteria except:
higher levels of fatigue
When a layoff is announced, employees should be told:
in person
Which assessment center technique is designed to simulate the types of daily information that appear on a manager's or employee's desk?
in-basket technique
Skill-based pay is primarily a(n) _______ method.
incentive
People under stress do all of the following except:
increase productivity
According to most research, subordinate feedback results in:
increased supervisor performance
A group member consistently avoids group interaction and block's the group's activities. He would be considered:
individual-oriented
The president of Peso Bank tries to motivate employees by giving them $1,000 every time he notices them providing excellent customer service. The problem is that the president is never in the branch offices. According to the ____ component of expectancy theory, this plan will not motivate employees.
instrumentality
Clay is very intelligent and Joshua is not very bright. On the basis of the meta-analysis by Griffeth, Hom, and Gaertner (2000), we would expect Clay to be _________ with his job and Joshua to be ______ satisfied with his job.
intelligence is not related to job satisfaction
If you were to develop a test to determine who would be most satisfied with their jobs, you would probably develop a test that would identify people with a high level of:
internal locus of control
In general, the longer the test, the higher its _______.
internal reliability
An applicant who looks around the interviewer's office and pays close attention to such items as pictures and plaques probably has a good understanding of the role ________ plays in their interview score.
interviewer-interviewee similarity
People using the _____ zone are approximately 18 inches away from a person.
intimacy
A problem with offering early retirement is that:
it is too expensive
To ask if all of the items measure the same thing, or do they measure different constructs, is related to ________.
item homogeneity
In industry, _____ is used to establish the content validity of selection tests or test batteries.
job analysis
A task analysis conducted as part of a training needs assessment is made easier if:
job descriptions are available
With _______ employees are given more tasks to do at one time, whereas _____ means that an employee performs the same number of tasks at one particular time and then moves on to other tasks for a specified time.
job enlargement / job rotation
The job characteristics model focuses on:
job enrichment
In a structured interview, if an applicant gets a point for each part of an answer that taps a main point, she is being scored using the ____ approach.
key issues
Tests that are designed to measure how much someone already knows rather than how much someone is capable of knowing are referred to as:
knowledge tests
Many teams are formed to solve problems but are not given sufficient authority to conduct their business. This is a problem involving:
lack of empowerment
When the criterion validity coefficient is ____, and the selection ratio is ____, a test will have the most utility in selecting successful employees.
large / small
Clarence has been under a great deal of stress at work. His wife told him that they should watch some sitcoms on TV. Her advice is sound because laughter can:
laughter does all of these
Clarence has been under a great deal of stress at work. His wife told him that they should watch some sitcoms on TV. Her advice is sound because laughter can:
laughter does all of these help distance you from a stressor reduce blood pressure put a new perspective on a situation
The Vroom-Yetton Model of Leadership focuses on_______.
leader decision making
According to one study, the best way to hire a CEO is look for:
leadership early in the applicant's career
A group comprised of 12 members will be _____ cohesive and have ____ morale than one comprised of five members.
less / lower
Reuben had certain expectations about his new job and his new company. After three months on the job, Reuben realized that the reality of the job and the organization were different from his expectations. Reuben is likely to be:
less satisfied and less committed and will probably leave the organization
Information that is ____ has unimportant details removed.
leveled
Survivors of layoffs:
lose self-confidence
Leaders who are high in person orientation and low in task orientation will have:
low turnover
Waiting until the night before a test to read the chapters and review your notes may be referred to as:
massed practice
A test is considered to have _____ if there are race differences in test scores that are unrelated to the construct being measured.
measurement bias
A conflict resolution strategy that involves a neutral third party who helps both sides reach a mutually agreeable solution is known as:
mediation
A problem with _____ plans, is that they are based on subjective supervisor ratings.
merit pay
Social information processing theory focuses on:
modeling of behavior
High LPC leaders perform best when the situational favorability is:
moderate
Which of the following is NOT a measurement for job satisfaction?
moderately correlated (r = .21)
According to a meta-analysis by Griffeth and his colleagues (2000), absenteeism and turnover are:
moderately correlated (r = .21)
The majority of the evidence regarding physical attractiveness indicates that, in general, _______ applicants have an advantage over _______ applicants.
more attractive / less attractive
Employees who work with highly motivated employees are likely to be _______ than employees who work with unmotivated coworkers.
more motivated
When peer ratings are used, research has found that high performers evaluate their peers _______ low performers.
more strictly than
Which of the following is true about the relationship between economics and downsizing? Prior to downsizing:
most organizations were profitable
The most effective realistic job previews (RJPs) are presented in a(n) ______ format.
multimedia
With a _______ approach, the applicant is administered one test at a time.
multiple hurdle
The extent to which the rewards, salary, and benefits received by employees are perceived to be consistent with their efforts and performance is called ______ fit.
needs-supplies
Social inhibition involves the ___ effects of the presence of others on individual behavior whereas social facilitation involves the ___ effects of the presence of others.
negative / positive
If an employer does not check an applicant's references and the applicant molests a child after being hired, the employer could be charged with:
negligent hiring
Type B personalities:
never feel stressed
Three meta-analyses indicate that allowing an employee to participate in goal setting will result in:
no effect on performance
Sara was out of work for 9 months before being hired by Midwest Medical Supplies. Midwest has treated Sara well, gave her a raise during a time in which the company was losing money, and sent her to several expensive training programs to help her career. Sara has been offered a job at a competitor that would increase her salary by $10,000. Though accepting the new job would seem to be an easy decision to make, Sara feels she should remain with Midwest. Her commitment to Midwest is a good example of:
normative commitment
A manager is experiencing communication overload to the point that she is throwing away memos without reading them. This approach to handling overload is:
omission
Visitors to offices that use _____ perceive the offices to be more comfortable and their occupants more friendly and trustworthy.
open desk arrangements
Job satisfaction is most related to:
organizational commitment
Bill is required to complete five forms for every request he makes. Bill is upset because he considers theses forms to be examples of a:
paper cow
Mrs. Jones raises her voice when saying certain words. She is using _______ to communicate.
paralanguage
The tone, tempo, and volume in which one speaks is a nonverbal cue known as:
paralanguage
Insecure leaders who are outwardly charming but resent successful people are known as _____ whereas leaders who overcome their insecurity by being overconfident are known as _____.
paranoids-passive aggressive / narcissists
The first step in the legal process is for some legislative body to:
pass a law
A training program that has experienced workers temporarily assigned to the training department is called a(n) _______.
pass-through programs
An HR director determines that all applicants who receive at least an 81 on their test will be able to perform the functions of the job. The hiring decision strategy to be used in this situation is:
passing score
In psychology, it is commonly believed that the best predictor of future performance is:
past performance
Interviews that contain only past-focused interview questions are also known as:
patterned behavior description interviews
Color discrimination, glare sensitivity, and speech recognition are examples of ______ abilities.
perceptual
Using _______ are perhaps the easiest method of person analysis.
performance appraisal scores
Jobs such as police officer, fire fighter, and lifeguard, which require physical strength and stamina, often use _______tests.
physical ability
The barriers to interpersonal communication that can cause conflict are:
physical/cultural/psychological
Allowing employees to _________ removes the right of the organization to search the lockers.
place their own locks on lockers
Organizational change can be encouraged by all of the following except:
play by everyone else's rules
Placing a help-wanted sign on a pizza box or a placemat is an example of:
point-of-purchase recruitment
A ____ contains all of the specific rules under which an organization operates and is a method of ______ communication.
policy manual / downward
When personnel professionals are concerned with adverse impact or invasion of privacy associated with a test, they are assessing the:
potential for legal problems
Research by McClelland and Burnham (1976) and McClelland and Boyatzis (1982) has demonstrated that high performance managers have a "leadership motive pattern." This pattern is characterized by a high need for ____ and a low need for ______.
power / affiliation
The Job Choice Exercise measures needs for:
power, affiliation, and achievement
The Job Choice Exercise measures needs for:
power, affiliation, and achievement
The Thematic Apperception test measures needs for:
power, affiliation, and achievement
Single-group validity and differential validity are types of:
predictive bias
Sally is angry about a promotion decision. Though she is not sure that she was the best candidate, she feels that she never really got the chance to demonstrate her skills. Sally's dissatisfaction is consistent with research on:
procedural justice
Matt constantly posts charts and graphs indicating the latest production statistics. Matt seems to believe in:
providing feedback
The resume that most takes advantage of such principles as primacy, priming, and short-term memory limits is the ______ resume.
psychological
Tests of _______ determine if individuals have serious psychological problems such as depression and bipolar disorder.
psychopathology
The most common method of employee comparison is the _______ method.
rank order
What the receiver actually hears refers to ____ of the message; how this information is interpreted refers to ____ of the message.
reception/decoding
Documenting employee performance:
reduces legal liability
The process of confirming the accuracy of information provided by the applicant is called a:
reference check
According to Judge and Watanabe (1994), job satisfaction and life satisfaction are:
related for most people
If we use the weight of an infant to predict the subsequent performance of the infant in college, the weight measure is probably:
reliable but not valid
Mary refuses to let go of her anger for her previous employer. She is now feeling a lot of stress on her current job. This might be an example of:
residual stress
A problem with _____ performance statements is that an employee can do everything asked of him by an organization and still not get the desired results due to factors outside his control.
results-focused
It is important to limit the number of behaviors being modeled so the employee can:
retain the information
Darnell was hired as a cook's assistant but all he has been doing for the past five months is clean tables and take out the trash. Darnell's stress level can probably be explained by:
role conflict
Poorly substantiated information is known as:
rumor
Juan has an internal locus of control and a high self-esteem. We would predict that he would be:
satisfied with both his life and job
To get better customer feedback on employee performance, _______ are used.
secret shoppers
Benefits provide ______ and variable pay provides _____.
security / incentive
Consistency theory states that there is a relationship between work motivation and:
self-esteem
Progressive discipline is especially important if a ______ employee violates a company rule.
senior
If a test of reading ability predicts performance of white clerks but not African American clerks, the test has _______.
single-group validity
There is a _____ correlation between how well employees liked a training program and how much they learned.
small (r = .02)
Feedback works best when it is given in _____ amounts and ______ feedback is provided.
small / both positive and negative
According to ____ "new" employees who work with highly satisfied "old" employees are more likely to be highly satisfied themselves.
social information processing theory
A member of a small task force has decreased the amount of his individual effort on the group's task. He is exhibiting:
social loafing
Lona gives her employees attention, smiles at them, and nods her head in approval when they perform well. She is using _____ to motivate her employees.
social recognition
Lona gives her employees attention, smiles at them, and nods her head in approval when they perform well. She is using _____ to motivate her employees.
social recognition
Every memo that Cheryl receives indicates that an immediate response is required. Cheryl thinks these timelines are unnecessary are nothing more than a:
speed cow
The physical and psychological consequences to stress are called:
strains
Increasing the ______ of references seems to increase validity.
structure
Mary notices that none of the other members of her group are working hard so she decides to lower her effort. Her behavior support the _____ theory of social loafing.
sucker-effect
A team of staff who are knowledgeable about a task but are not sure they want to do the task should be led by a ______ approach.
supporting
A difficult worker obsessed with completing a task quickly is classified as a _____, whereas one who dominates conversations and does not listen to other's ideas is a _____.
tank / know-it-all
According to your text, if the results of the organizational analysis indicate that a positive climate for training exists, the next step is to conduct a ____analysis.
task
A group member who coordinates the group's activities and finds new information is ____ oriented whereas one who's main role is encouraging and supporting others is ____ oriented.
task / social
A group member who coordinates the group's activities and finds new information is ____ oriented whereas one who's main role is encouraging and supporting others is ____ oriented.
task / social
Ms. Smith often misses the main point of a communication because she is interested in only the facts and main detail. She is a(an) _____ listener.
technical
Both McDonald's and the military often use ______ to recruit new employees.
television ads
A student takes the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) as a requirement to get into college. Her score on the test is 600. Three weeks later, she is asked to take the identical test again. This time she scores 500. This inconsistency in scores is an issue of:
test-retest reliability
There are three major ways to determine whether a test is reliable. With the _______ method, several people each take the same test twice.
test-retest reliability
Nagy Enterprises had a 32% increase in sales after sending its employees to the Reilly School of Sales. However, without the use of a control group, it is difficult to determine if:
the 32% increase was actually due to the training
An employee thinks he is an idiot and will never be able to master the new computer system. The employee takes a training class on the new system and fails. This situation might best be explained by:
the Galatea effect
An individual does not like to do laundry but prefers to do laundry over studying for exams. Because doing laundry is liked more than studying, _______ predicts that the opportunity to do laundry will motivate a person to study.
the Premack principle
Managers constructing a reinforcement hierarchy for employees are probably using:
the Premack principle
An employee's supervisor places full confidence in the employee and believes that the employee can handle a fairly difficult task. This boosts the employee's self-esteem which in turn increases her performance. This phenomena is known as:
the Pygmalion effect
In general, empowering employees ______ job satisfaction and _______ stress.
the effects depend on the employee
An advantage of holding a training session off-site is:
the location can serve as a reward
Leaders can make decisions without consulting others unless:
the problem is unstructured
Bob has been a model employee all year except for the last two to three weeks; yet, Bob's ratings on his performance appraisal reflect his performance during this last two-week to three-week period. This type of rating bias is referred to as:
the recency effect
An interesting extension of the trait theory of leader performance suggests that certain traits are necessary requirements for leadership excellence but do not guarantee it. Instead, leadership excellence is a function of:
the right person being in the right place
San Antonio, Texas, has a system in which the names of the top three applicants for promotion are submitted to the Chief of Police who then selects one of the three to be the new Captain. This system uses:
the rule of three
A manager wants to increase the quality of his employee's decisions. He should have:
them work in groups
Based on the information in your text, research suggests that the best day of the week to schedule an interview is:
there is not a best time
Liam makes "to do" lists and carefully plans his schedule. He is trying to reduce stress through:
time management
If an HR director believes the higher that applicants score on a test, the better they will do on the job, she could take a ________ approach to hiring decisions.
top-down
If an empowered employee makes a wrong decision, a manager should:
train the employee
An organization requires its managers to "get away" for a few days and participate in a training program designed to increase their effectiveness as managers. Following the training program, managers often feel the training program was worthwhile; however, it is not uncommon for these managers to return to their operations and perform their old habits while ignoring the recently presented principles. This scenario is related to the issue of:
transfer of training
Supervisors who set goals, provide feedback, and encourage employees to use their training are trying to motivate employees to:
transfer what is learned in training to the job
Realistic job previews involve telling potential applicants the ____ a job with an objective of increasing _____.
truth about / tenure
Agreement in performance ratings is highest between:
two supervisors
An organization undergoing change should try to get the change completed no later than:
two years
An organization undergoing change should try to get the change completed no later than:
two years
If a group of employees brainstormed possible answers to an interview question, they would most likely be using the ____ approach to scoring a structured interview.
typical answer
Raul's desk is located in a cubicle next to 30 other cubicles. Raul's company uses a ______ to design its office.
uniform plan
Realistic job previews might reduce turnover that is caused by:
unmet expectations
Considering a good person-organization fit might reduce turnover that is caused by:
unmet needs
An administrative assistant who screens an executive's phone calls, opens his mail, and keeps rack of his appointments, exemplifies which approach to handling communication overload?
use of a gatekeeper
Henri is the president of a company with 10 employees. Each employee has full medical benefits and Henri doesn't have the time or knowledge to administer the benefits program. His best bet would be to:
use outsourcing
A company gets a huge, one-time order. It needs an additional 40 employees to complete the job but will not need them once the job is done. The best strategy is for the company to:
use temporary employees
Perhaps the best way to ensure that interviewers base their decisions on relevant information is to:
use the structured interview
If a small police department uses a cognitive ability test because a meta-analysis indicated cognitive ability is the best predictor of performance in the police academy, it is:
using validity generalization
An employer will give $3 each month to every employee with perfect attendance. According to the _____ component of expectancy theory, this plan will not motivate employees.
valence
The extent to which a test found valid for a job in one location is valid for the same job in another location refers to the concept of _______.
validity generalization
The traditionally used method to compare each piece of employee information with criterion group membership in the biodata process is the:
vertical percentage method
To reduce the cost of campus recruiting, many large organizations are using:
virtual job fairs
You have been asked to develop a program to reduce absenteeism in your organization. According to a meta-analyses, ______ would be the most effective method and _____ the least effective.
well pay / games
An employee sews garments for her company at home. Once a week she brings in the finished goods and gets paid. Her work situation would be called:
work at home
An example of a compressed work week involves:
working 4 days a week, 10 hours a day
Which of the following is NOT a limitation to employment-at-will?
All of these are limitations Public policy Covenants of good faith Implied contracts
Hogan (1989) has identified characteristics associated with poor leadership. According to your text, which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with poor leadership?
All three of these are associated Personality Cognitive deficiencies Lack of training
Continued exposure to high levels of noise is associated with:
all of these increased levels of employee aggressiveness increased incidents of worker illness hearing loss and high blood pressure
