IP Configuration
When assigning IP addresses to hosts, what 2 things must you understand
-Each host must have a unique IP address. -Each host on the same network must have an IP address with a common network portion of the address. You must use the same subnet mask when configuring addresses for hosts on the same network.
An IP address represented in decimal notation, each octet must be between
0-255
Assuming the network is indicated by the default portion of the IP address, which three of the following IP addresses belong to the Class A network 114.0.0.0? (Select three.) 114.122.66.12 115.0.0.66 115.77.89.4 114.0.0.15 114.58.12.0 115.88.0.55
114.122.66.12 114.0.0.15 114.58.12.0
There are only _____ Class A network IDs.
126
A host on the network has an IP address of 129.11.99.78 using the default subnet mask. How would you identify the address and mask using CIDR notation? 129.11.99.78:8 129.11.99.78/8 129.11.99.78:24 129.11.99.78/24 129.11.99.78:16 129.11.99.78/16
129.11.99.78/16
There are ____ Class B network IDs
16,384
Each class A address gives you _______ hosts per network
16,777,214
Which of the following is the last IP address that can be assigned to hosts on the 166.70.0.0 network using the default subnet mask? 166.70.0.255 166.70.0.254 166.70.255.255 166.70.255.254 166.71.0.0
166.70.255.254
Which of the following IP address ranges is reserved for automatic private IP addressing? 192.168.0.1 - 192.168.254.255 169.168.0.1 - 169.168.255.255 169.254.0.1 - 169.254.255.254 169.192.0.0 - 169.192.254.255 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.254
169.254.0.1 - 169.254.255.254 The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved 169.254.0.1 through 169.254.255.254 for automatic private IP addressing (APIPA). APIPA also sets the subnet mask on the network to 255.255.0.0.
You've decided to use a subnet mask of 255.255.192.0 on the 172.17.0.0 network to create four separate subnets. Which network IDs will be assigned to these subnets in this configuration? (Select two.) 172.17.128.0 172.17.16.0 172.17.32.0 172.17.96.0 172.17.0.0
172.17.128.0 172.17.0.0
Your network has been assigned the Class B network address of 179.113.0.0. Which three of the following addresses can be assigned to hosts on your network? 179.112.95.64 179.113.65.12 179.113.0.0 179.113.89.0 179.114.88.0 180.113.0.67 179.113.0.118
179.113.65.12 179.113.89.0 179.113.0.118 All hosts on this network must share the first two octets of the IP address (179.113). You cannot assign 179.113.0.0 to a host because this address indicates the address of the network.
There are________ Class C network IDs
2,097,152
Your network has been assigned the Class C network address 200.78.151.0. Which of the following addresses can be assigned to hosts on your network? (Select three.) 200.78.152.14 200.78.151.257 200.78.151.255 200.78.151.12 200.78.151.0 200.78.151.252 200.78.151.111
200.78.151.12 200.78.151.252 200.78.151.111
Each Class C address gives you ____ host per network
254
The last valid host address ends with
254 because 255 is a broadcast address and is not available as a host address
What is the network address and subnet mask used by APIPA? (Select two.) 255.255.0.0 255.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 169.255.0.0 169.0.250.0 169.254.0.0
255.255.0.0 169.254.0.0 Automatic private IP addressing (APIPA) uses a network address of 169.254.0.0 with the default Class B subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. Host addresses are within the range of 169.254.0.1 and 169.254.255.254.
A Subnet mask is a_____ number that masks an IP address, and divides the IP address into network address and host address.
32-bit
An IP address is a _____-bit binary number represented as ____________.
32-bit 4 octets Each octet is separated by a period.
Each class B address gives you ________ hosts per network
65,534
An IP address represented in binary notation, each octet must be between
8-charater number (01100001)
VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask) is
A classless subnet mask that can be customized to a different length for each subnet based on the number of nodes on that subnet.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
A network service that provides automatic assignment of IP addresses and other TCP /IP configuration information.
network address
A protocol-specific identifier assigned to a node that maps to a MAC address.
APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)
A service available on computers running one of the Windows operating systems that automatically assigns the computer's network interface a link-local IP address.
CIDR (Classless Inter Domain Routing) is
A subnetting method that selects a subnet mask that meets an individual network's networking and node requirements and then treats the mask like a 32-bit binary word.
subnetting (subnet addressing)
A technique that uses IP addresses to divide a network into network, subnet, and host.
IP Address (Internet Protocol Address)
A unique number identifying every computer on the Internet (like 197.123.22.240)
How to convert binary to decimal
Add together the decimal values of each bit position with a 1 value. For example, the decimal equivalent of 10010101 is:128 + 16 + 4 + 1 = 149
APIPA
Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing
What class does this default address belong to: 255.0.0.0
Class A First octet Range 1-126
What class does this default address belong to: 255.225.0.0
Class B First octet range 128-191
What class does this default address belong to: 255.225.225.0
Class C First Octet range 192-223
You manage a server that uses an IP address of 192.168.255.188 with a mask of 255.255.0.0. Which of the following describes the address type? Classful Broadcast Multicast Classless Public
Classless
CIDR stands for
Classless Inter-Domain Routing
Classfull Addressing
Concept of address having 3 parts - network, subnet, and host with the mask defined by Class A,B,C
What are the 2 ways a IP address can be represented?
Decimal (131.107.2.200) Binary (10000011.011010011.00000010.11001000)
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
You have a workstation connected to a small branch network using a single switch. The network does not have any routers and is not connected to the internet. What are the minimum configuration parameters required on the workstation to be able to communicate with all hosts on the network? IP address and subnet mask IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway IP address IP address and default gateway
IP address and subnet mask
An RIR has authority over
IP addresses in a specific region of the world
Static assignment
IP configuration information is manually configured on each host.
You recently created a new network segment for the development department. Because the hosts are now on a different network segment, they can no longer contact the DHCP server. Both network segments are connected via a Cisco router. Which of the following would be the best action to take in order to fix the problem? Configure the router to forward broadcast messages. Move the DHCP server to the new network segment. Implement an IP helper address on the router. Install and configure a new DHCP server on the development network segment.
Implement an IP Helper address on the router
In binary form, the broadcast address has
In binary form, the broadcast address has all 1s in the host portion of the address. For example, assuming the default subnet masks are used: 115.255.255.255 is the broadcast address for network 115.0.0.0 154.90.255.255 is the broadcast address for network 154.90.0.0 221.65.244.255 is the broadcast address for network 221.65.244.0
As the network grows, you will need to create subnets to
Increase the number of devices that can be added to a LAN Decrease the number of devices on a single subnet (to reduce traffic congestion) Reduce the processing load placed on computers and routers Isolate sensitive systems on the network
Who manages the assignment of IP addresses on the Internet
Internet Assigning Numbers Authority (IANA)
CorpServ is a small company with 14 client systems and a network printer. Because there are only a limited number of networked systems, you decide to use APIPA addressing for the network. With APIPA configured, all systems are able to communicate with each other, but you are having trouble configuring Internet access. What is the likely cause of the problem? The DNS server is unavailable to resolve internet host names. Private addresses cannot directly communicate to hosts outside the local subnet. All client systems must be rebooted. The default gateway is not set on the client systems. The default gateway is not set on the server.
Private addresses cannot directly communicate to hosts outside the local subnet. APIPA assigns private addresses designed for use on single-subnet networks that do not use routers. If internet access is required, APIPA cannot be used to provide clients direct access to the internet. APIPA is enabled by default and will assign an address if the DHCP server is unavailable. APIPA assigns only an IP address and subnet mask. A default gateway and DNS servers are not required to access network resources.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of using subnets? Subnets combine multiple IP network addresses into one network address. Subnets divide an IP network address into multiple network addresses. Subnets place each device within its own collision domain. Subnets let you connect a private network to the internet.
Subnets divide an IP network address into multiple network addresses. This allows you to have several smaller networks while using only one network address.
Host Address
The IP address assigned to a network card on a computer.
subnet mask
The value used in TCP/IP settings to divide the IP address of a host into its component parts: network ID and host ID.
Which of the following terms are often synonymous with or made possible with CIDR? (Select two.) NAT OSPF Classful VLSM Classless
VLSM Classless
VLSM stands for
Variable Length Subnet Mask
Broadcast Address
a dotted-decimal number that represents all hosts in an IP network
In binary form, the subnet mask is always
a series of 1s followed by a series of 0s (1s and 0s are never mixed in sequence in the mask)
For the network address the host portion of the address contains
all 0s Class A: 115.0.0.0 Class B : 154.90.0.0 Class C: 221.65.244.0
Subnetting is necessary because
architctures impose a limit on the number of host allowed on a single network segment.
APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing) provides an option for
automatic IP address assignment without a DHCP server.
IANA allocated
blocks of IP addresses to Reginonal internet Registries (RIRs)
An RIR assigns
blocks of addresses to ISPs
The last address in the range is the
broadcast address
Subnetting is also used to
efficiently allocate available IP addresses.
Class E addresses are reserved for
experimental use
When you subnet a network, each network segment
has a different network address or subnet address.
The first address in an address range is used to
identify the network itself.
And ISP assigns one or more IP addresses to
individual computers or organizations connected to the Internet
Subnetting provides a way to break the single class B network ID
into multiple smaller network IDs
Addresses in the 127.00 range are reserved to refer to the
local host (the host you are currently working at) The most commonly used address is 127.0.0.1, which is the loopback address
Class D addresses are used for
multicast groups rather than network and host IDs
classless addressing
no strict dividing line btwn groups of addresses, and the network address/node address division is determined entirely by the number of 1 bits in the subnet mask
CIDR allows you to use
only part of an octet for network address AKA partial subnetting or variable-length subnet masking (VLSM)
Because IP addresses assigned to hosts must be unique, the use of IP addresses on the internet is controlled by
organizations that ensure that every organization is given its own range of IP addresses to assign to hosts
The broadcast address is used to
send messages to all hosts on the network
Another way to identify a host on a network is to
set the network portion of the address to all 0s. EXMP the address 0.0.64.128 means "host 64.128 on the network"
A DHCP server is a
special server configured to pass out IP addresses and other IP configuration information to network clients. This ensures all clients are assigned a unique IP address
IANA is operated by
the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
When using VLSM, you ignore
the default subnet mask boundaries and specify a custom number of subnet mask bits
The IP address includes both
the network and the host address
the IP address class identifies
the range of IP addresses and the default subnet mask used for the range.
The range of IP addresses available for network hosts is identified by
the subnet mask and/or address class
When assigning IP addresses to host, be aware that you cannot
use the first or last addresses in the range. These are reserved for the network and broadcast addresses respectively