ISQS 4350 Exam 2.1

A ________ is a standard of measurement in quality management. a. matrix b. metric c. milestone d. None of these alternatives is correct. e. merge

b. metric

Renovation of a small compartment in a house boat or camping trailer that is too small for more than one person is an example of a(n) ________ resource constraint. a. scheduling b. physical c. time d. resource e. technical

b. physical

The ability of 911 emergency systems to identify the caller's phone number and location are considered to be a ________. a. project exclusion b. project deliverable c. technical requirement d. project limit e. milestone

c. technical requirement

The distribution used in a PERT representation of a task duration is ________. a. the normal distribution b. the uniform distribution c. the beta distribution d. the exponential distribution e. the Poisson distribution

c. the beta distribution

The purpose of crashing is to ________. a. Reduce task cost b. Reduce project cost c. Improve product quality d. Reduce project duration, given a crashing budget e. None of the alternatives is correct.

d. Reduce project duration, given a crashing budget

Estimating processes occur within two knowledge areas. They are: a. Time, Quality b. Scope, Time c. Procurement, Risk d. Time, Cost e. Cost, Quality

d. Time, Cost

Which of the following lifecycle models is a predictive one? a. Iterative b. Agile c. Extreme d. Waterfall e. Scrum

d. Waterfall

Estimation that is performed immediately before execution and often uses a bottom-up technique referred to as ________. a. budgetary estimation b. analogous estimation c. ubiquitous estimation d. definitive estimation e. low-level developer estimation

d. definitive estimation

For any activity that has one or more predecessors, the ________ time is always the largest early finish of any of its predecessors. If the early finish times of an activity's predecessors were 85, 70 and 55, then this time would be the largest of these three early finish times or 85. a. early finish b. late finish c. late start d. early start

d. early start

In ProjectLibre, the tool that is used to designate subordination as displayed in the WBS is ________. a. link tool on the task tab b. assign resources tool on the task tab c. insert tool on the task tab d. indent tool on the task tab e. None of these alternatives is correct.

d. indent tool on the task tab

Anna has just been given a project that has a specific target date. After discussion with top management she finds that while the date is important the cost is more important and a slip in delivery would be acceptable if required to meet the cost targets. The target date is best classified as ________. a. enhance b. accept c. limit d. constrain e. optional

b. accept

The total effort for a project is calculated to be 24 person-months. Three capable persons are assigned to the project. There is no mandatory or other sequencing required in the project. What is its total duration likely to be? a. 8 months b. 24 months c. 6 months d. 12 months e. 3 months

a. 8 months

________ is a deterministic diagramming technique used to predict total project duration. a. CPM b. PERT c. A Gantt chart d. Crashing e. EVA

a. CPM

Select the most accurate statement with regards to the Critical Path Method (CPM). a. It allows us to investigate the effects of uncertainty of activity times on project completion times. b. It assumes that activities are independent of one another, with clearly defined start and finish dates. c. It accounts for the interruptions that may affect an activity between the start and the finish times. d. It uses the variance in the critical path activities to evaluate the risks associated with project completion times.

b. It assumes that activities are independent of one another, with clearly defined start and finish dates.

Which of the following is responsible for rapid deployment of the software after each iteration? a. Project leader b. Jenkins c. DevOps d. Product owner e. Release burndown chart

b. Jenkins

________ analysis is a method of calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss from a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time. a. Cost of capital b. Net present value c. Cash flow d. Payback e. Both c. and d. are correct.

b. Net present value

Suppose you wanted to start task BB five days after task AA started. How would you do this in ProjectLibre? a. Place task AA in a finish/start relationship with its predecessor BB with a lag of five days. b. Place task BB in a start/start relationship with its predecessor AA with a lag of five days. c. Place task BB in a finish/start relationship with its predecessor AA with a lag of five days. d. This is impossible in ProjectLibre. e. Place task AA in a finish/finish relationship with its predecessor BB with a lag of five days.

b. Place task BB in a start/start relationship with its predecessor AA with a lag of five days.

Estimating processes occur within what process group, what lifecycle phase? a. Initiating b. Planning c. Executing d. Monitoring and controlling e. Closing

b. Planning

Which of the following is not one of the basic classifications of project priorities? a. Cost b. Profit c. Time d. Performance e. All of these are basic classifications.

b. Profit

Which of the following titles in a typical scrum arrangement is the project manager? a. Scrum methodologist b. Scrum master c. Scrum leader d. Product owner e. Scrum developer

b. Scrum master

Which of the following statements is false? a. Probability distributions for PERT activity durations are represented by use of the Beta distribution. b. The critical path is the series of activities that determine the earliest time by which a project can be started. c. A forward pass through a project network diagram determines the early start and early finish dates for each activity. d. Crashing is a technique for making cost and schedule trade-offs to obtain the greatest amount of schedule compression for the least incremental cost. e. Both a. and d. are false statements.

b. The critical path is the series of activities that determine the earliest time by which a project can be started.

Which of the following is a way to improve quality on the front-end of the development lifecycle? a. User acceptance testing b. Walkthroughs c. Unit testing d. Integration testing e. Regression testing

b. Walkthroughs

If your team's task was to develop an AI pattern recognition engine based on King Sung Fu's formulas/algorithms developed 40 years ago, which model would you likely use? a. Extreme b. Waterfall c. Agile d. Iterative e. Scrum

b. Waterfall

Which of the following is not one of the items that would appear on a project scope checklist? a. Deliverables b. Work breakdown structure c. Reviews with customer d. Objectives e. Technical requirements

b. Work breakdown structure

Top-down estimation is often also referred to as ________. a. budgetary estimation b. analogous estimation c. ubiquitous estimation d. definitive estimation e. low-level developer estimation

b. analogous estimation

The advantage that a PERT representation of a project schedule over a CPM representation is that a PERT representation ________. a. is easier to calculate b. calculates probabilities of completing milestones by their completion dates c. gives automatic valuations of ES, EF, LS, LF and SLACK d. enables fast determination of total project duration and the critical path e. All of these alternatives are correct.

b. calculates probabilities of completing milestones by their completion dates

How many function points does it take to equal a person-month in terms of effort? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6 e. 7

c. 5

The average duration of a task whose optimistic time is 30 and whose most likely time is 45 and whose pessimistic time is 90 is ________. a. 30 b. 40 c. 50 d. 60 e. None of these alternatives is correct.

c. 50

What percent of IT projects should be completed with an adaptive, agile type of methodology? a. 60% b. 50% c. 70% d. 80% e. 40%

c. 70%

Which of the following are discrete tasks which require resources and time, within the context of projects? a. Value chains b. Processes c. Activities d. Schedules

c. Activities

Which of the following lifecycle models would you use if the requirements are unknown and/or unstable? a. Waterfall b. Extreme c. Scrum d. Spiral e. Iterative

c. Scrum

What is the main goal of project cost management? a. To provide truthful and accurate cost information on projects b. To complete a project for as little cost as possible c. To complete a project within an approved budget d. To ensure that an organization's money used wisely e. All of these alternatives are correct.

c. To complete a project within an approved budget

Which of the following is not one of the three purposes for estimation? a. Far-out Strategic Planning (5 years out) b. Budgetary (2 years out) c. WAG d. Definitive (immediately before execution and used within execution) e. Both b. and c. are not purposes for estimation.

c. WAG

A ________ is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project. a. work package b. scope statement c. WBS d. cost account e. WBS dictionary

c. WBS

Suppose you had decided to use a SCRUM methodology to breakup the various components of the software system. Which of the following components which you conduct sprints on first? a. user interfaces b. major functional components c. backbone structure d. small details e. minor functional components

c. backbone structure

After planning scope management, the first step of project scope definition is to ________. a. analyze the strategic plan b. select team members c. define the overall objective to meet the customer's needs d. analyze the current budget plan e. meet with team members

c. define the overall objective to meet the customer's needs

A backhoe that Susan needs on her project has been scheduled on another project. This is a ________ constraint. a. information b. people c. equipment d. materials e. working capital

c. equipment

The second step in the defining of a project would be to ________. a. define the major objectives to meet the customer's needs b. select team members c. establish project priorities d. analyze the current budget plan e. analyze the strategic plan

c. establish project priorities

All of the following are true about work packages except ________. a. consume resources b. assigned to only one manager c. have medium to long duration d. definitive starts and stops dates e. All of these alternatives are true.

c. have medium to long duration

To require lots of documentation, code that is well-commented, and lots of discipline is called ________. a. low ceremony agile b. low ceremony c. high ceremony d. low ceremony waterfall e. low ceremony iterative

c. high ceremony

The best time to write the user acceptance test plan is ________. a. at the beginning of the closing phase b. at the beginning of the executing phase c. immediately after completing the requirements document d. before you do integration testing e. at the beginning of the planning phase

c. immediately after completing the requirements document

In ProjectLibre, by default any link between tasks (activities) is assumed to be ________. a. There is no default setting in ProjectLibre. b. Start-to-Start c. Finish-to-Finish d. Finish-to-Start e. Start-to-Finish

d. Finish-to-Start

________ reserves allow for future situations that are unpredictable (unknown unknowns). a. Baseline b. Contingency c. Financial d. Management e. None of these alternatives is correct.

d. Management

ProjectLibre can do its scheduling from ________. a. the project start date b. the project stop date c. the project initiate date d. All of the alternatives are correct. e. Only a. and b. are correct.

e. Only a. and b. are correct.

Which of the following processes involves determining the policies, procedures, and documentation that will be used for planning, executing, and controlling the project schedule? a. Planning schedule management b. Estimating activity resources c. Quality controlling d. Defining activities e. Activity sequencing

a. Planning schedule management

Which of the following is not something that we ordinarily estimate? a. Quality b. Resources c. Time d. Cost e. Both b. and c. are correct.

a. Quality

Which of the following is not something that we ordinarily estimate? a. Quality b. Resources c. Time d. Cost e. Both b. and c. are correct.

a. Quality

Which of the following costs has to do with appraisal? a. Testing and inspection costs b. Interviewing costs c. Liability costs d. Rework costs e. Training costs

a. Testing and inspection costs

Which is more expensive and costly to the firm? a. Under-estimation b. Over-estimation

a. Under-estimation

"To construct a high-quality, custom home with three bedrooms, two baths and a two-car garage within five months at costs not to exceed $250,000" is best classified as ________. a. an objective b. a milestone c. a limit d. an exclusion e. a deliverable

a. an objective

According to Larson and Gray chapter 8, cost estimates are not a budget until ________. a. budgets have been time-phased b. resources have been assigned c. costs have been determined d. All of these alternatives are correct. e. Only a. and c. are correct.

a. budgets have been time-phased

Jackson has just been assigned a project to develop a new advertising campaign for an established product. His first step should be to ________. a. define the project scope b. determine the required completion date c. verify the budget available d. establish project priorities e. assign team members to work on the project

a. define the project scope

The purpose of top-down estimation is not for ________. a. definitive purposes b. planning purposes c. strategic purposes d. accuracy purposes e. budgetary purposes

a. definitive purposes

All of the following are part of the Agile Project Management model except ________. a. design up front b. embrace change c. high uncertainty d. flexibility e. self organized project teams

a. design up front

Which PMBOK activity is responsible for determining activity resource requirements, and for determining a resource breakdown structure? a. Estimate activity durations b. Estimate activity resources c. Develop schedule d. Define activities e. Plan schedule management

b. Estimate activity resources

At the completion of an agile iteration a ________. a. new, bug-free functionality is developed/deployed to the customer b. a new piece of functionality is developed c. a new phase of the development lifecycle is completed d. All of the functionality associated with a product is developed. e. Only a. and c. are correct.

a. new, bug-free functionality is developed/deployed to the customer

Almost all knowledge areas have a ________ process and a ________ process. a. plan | control b. estimate | schedule c. plan | schedule d. estimate | control e. plan | estimate

a. plan | control

Research shows the most frequently mentioned barrier to project success is ________. a. poorly defined scope or mission b. political in-fighting c. poor performance by team members d. weak project leadership e. not enough budget resources

a. poorly defined scope or mission

When the work in an activity is interrupted to work on another activity and is then resumed at a later point in time, it is called ________. a. splitting b. overriding c. prioritizing d. starting/stopping e. preempting

a. splitting

Payback occurs when ________. a. the net cumulative benefits equal the net cumulative costs b. the net cumulative benefits minus costs equal one c. the net costs are lower than the cumulative benefits d. the cumulative benefits are double the cumulative costs e. None of these alternatives is correct.

a. the net cumulative benefits equal the net cumulative costs

Iterations are short time frames ("time boxes") that typically last from ________. a. 4-7 weeks b. 1-4 weeks c. 7-12 weeks d. 1-4 days e. 1-2 weeks

b. 1-4 weeks

A typical amount to be added to budgets and schedules for such things as holidays, sick days, snow days, company meetings, training days, etc., is ________. a. 5% b. 10% c. 15% d. 20% e. 25%

b. 10%

The standard deviation of a task whose optimistic time is 31 and whose most likely time is 72 and whose pessimistic time is 123 is ________. a. 13.33 b. 15.33 c. 14.56 d. 8.50 e. None of these alternatives is correct.

b. 15.33

________ is a major expected output that is derived from a project. a. An objective b. A deliverable c. A product d. A target e. An end object

b. A deliverable

When marketing promised a new software product to an external client that is called ________. a. Definitive estimation b. Accommodation of the customer c. Budgetary estimation d. Estimation e. Strategic estimation

b. Accommodation of the customer

________ is a deterministic scheduling technique while ________ is probabilistic, with ________ being most widely used in commercial software. a. CPM | PERT | PERT b. CPM | PERT | CPM c. PERT | CPM | CPM d. PERT | CPM | PERT e. CPM | CPM | PERT

b. CPM | PERT | CPM

________ means the project's processes and products meet written specifications. a. Fitness for use b. Conformance to requirements c. Benchmarking d. None of these alternatives is correct. e. Project feasibility

b. Conformance to requirements

Which of the following processes in project time management involves identifying the specific tasks that the project team members and stakeholders must perform to produce the project deliverables? a. Sequencing activities b. Defining activities c. Controlling schedule d. Developing the schedule e. Estimating activity durations

b. Defining activities

________ costs are costs related to the amount of time and resources allocated to completion of the project, whereas ________ costs are such items as overhead, pension and healthcare plans, etc. a. Direct | sunk b. Direct | indirect c. Indirect | junk d. Sunk | indirect e. Indirect | direct

b. Direct | indirect

Which of the following statements is false? a. A resource breakdown structure is a hierarchical structure that identifies the project's resources by category and type. b. Duration and effort are synonymous terms. c. A three-point estimate in PERT includes an optimistic, a most likely, and a pessimistic estimate. d. A Gantt chart is a common tool for displaying project schedule information on a timeline. e. Both b. and d. are false statements.

b. Duration and effort are synonymous terms.

In ProjectLibre, the tool that is used to establish sequencing among the activities is the ________. a. indent arrow on the task tab b. link tool on the task tab c. assign resources tool on the task tab d. insert tool under the task tab e. Both a. and c. are correct.

b. link tool on the task tab

If the time units are months, effort is measured in ________ whereas duration is measured in _______. a. dollars, month-dollars b. man-months, month c. months, man-months d. month-dollars, dollars e. None of the alternatives is correct.

b. man-months, month

In reviewing the project plan, Sarah learns that the first deliverable is due by October 12. This would be called a ________. a. project objective b. milestone c. limit item d. project target e. critical goal

b. milestone

By default ProjectLibre assumes unspecified task durations are ________. a. zero duration b. one day in duration, followed by a ? c. one unit in duration, followed by a ? d. simply a ? e. Both a. and d. are correct.

b. one day in duration, followed by a ?

Process improvement plan, quality metrics, and quality checklists are the outputs of the ________ process. a. performing quality assurance b. planning quality management c. None of these alternatives is correct. d. quality certification e. controlling quality

b. planning quality management

According to Larson and Gray chapter 8, project network times are not a schedule until ________. a. budgets have been time-phased b. resources have been assigned c. costs have been determined d. All of these alternatives are correct. e. Only a. and c. are correct.

b. resources have been assigned

Delaying noncritical activities to lower peak demand and, thus, increase resource utilization is called resource ________. a. allocation b. smoothing c. switching d. shifting e. manipulating

b. smoothing

The highest element in the hierarchical breakdown of the WBS is ________. a. major deliverables b. the project c. a work package d. a cost account e. sub deliverables

b. the project

As a rule of thumb, the time to design, document and code a module equals ________. a. the time to analyze it b. the time to test it c. the time to integrate it d. the time to conceptualize it e. None of these alternatives is correct.

b. the time to test it

A project leader's boss has told Jonathan that his project is very important. If the critical path is delayed, he will be given whatever he needs to get the project back on schedule. His project is classified as ________ constrained. a. performance b. time c. resource d. cost e. quality

b. time

The best time to do crashing is ________. a. towards the end of the executing phase b. towards the end of the planning phase c. towards the end of the initiating phase d. towards the end of the monitoring phase e. towards the end of the closing phase

b. towards the end of the planning phase

The lowest element in the hierarchical breakdown of the WBS is ________. a. responsibility matrix b. work package c. priority matrix d. organization breakdown structure e. work breakdown structure

b. work package

Which of the following is false? a. Avoid creating predecessor/successor task relationships between summary tasks b. Avoid using too many specific date constraints on tasks c. Always assign resources to summary tasks d. Only one task in a project should be entered without a predecessor. e. Only one task in a project should be without a successor.

c. Always assign resources to summary tasks

Which of the following rules is part of the crashing heuristic? a. Crash only non-critical activities b. Pick the un-crashed activity with the largest crash cost per day as the next activity to crash c. Always crash the activity to its minimum duration if there is sufficient budget to do so and if that does not cause the associate path to no longer be critical d. All of these alternatives are legitimate crashing rules. e. Only a. and b. are legitimate crashing rules.

c. Always crash the activity to its minimum duration if there is sufficient budget to do so and if that does not cause the associate path to no longer be critical

________ is a planning process that is within the Project Scope Management knowledge area. a. Developing a project management plan b. Cost estimating c. Creating of a WBS d. Schedule development e. Quality planning

c. Creating of a WBS

In project time management, which of the following processes involve calculating the number of work periods that are needed to complete individual tasks? a. Defining activities b. Sequencing activities c. Estimating activity durations d. Controlling schedule e. Planning schedule management

c. Estimating activity durations

You cannot start editing a technical report until someone else completes the first draft. What type of dependency does this represent? a. Start-to-start b. Finish-to finish c. Finish-to-start d. Start-to-finish e. None of these alternatives is correct.

c. Finish-to-start

Which of the following is a good condition for bottom-up estimating? a. Strategic decision making b. Internal, small project c. Fixed price contract d. High uncertainty e. Both c. and d. are good conditions for bottom-up estimating.

c. Fixed price contract

________ is the degree to which a system performs its intended function. a. Maintainability b. None of these alternatives is correct. c. Functionality d. Validity e. Reliability

c. Functionality

Which of the following is not one seven processes that make up the PMBOK knowledge area known as time (schedule) management? a. Control activities b. Sequence activities c. Monitor activities d. Define activities e. Plan schedule management

c. Monitor activities

The district magistrate of Arkham City has decided to rebuild the busiest road in the city. She plans to close the street for the duration of the work, causing immense inconvenience to the people who typically use the road. The project has 3 parallel paths defined as the following: Path A-B-C-H will take 16 days. Path A-F-G-H will take 22 days. Path A-D-E-H will take 30 days. Given the information on hand, which of the following statements is true? a. Path A-F-G-H has the largest slack time. b. Path A-F-G-H is the critical path. c. Path A-D-E-H is the critical path. d. Path A-D-E-H has the largest slack time.

c. Path A-D-E-H is the critical path.

As discussed in class, the cost to fix a defect ________ over time and becomes exorbitant once the defect ________. a. decreases linearly | is found b. increases linearly | 'walks out the door' c. increases exponentially | 'walks out the door' d. decreases exponentially | is found e. Both a. and c. are correct.

c. increases exponentially | 'walks out the door'

A big picture view of the cost of a project over its entire existence is ________. a. WBS b. cost account c. life cycle costing d. JAD costing e. networking view

c. life cycle costing

Top management prefers ________ development models over ________ models because they know up front how much cost and time are required. a. static | predictive b. adaptive | predictive c. predictive | adaptive d. creative | predictive e. adaptive | creative

c. predictive | adaptive

The ________ process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management, such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling. a. quality certification b. None of these alternatives is correct. c. quality control d. quality assurance e. quality planning

c. quality control

Daily Scrum meetings are usually ________ and typically last only ________ minutes. a. casual and creative | 40 b. action-oriented | 30 c. standup meetings | 15 d. casual meetings | 30 e. creative meetings | 50

c. standup meetings | 15

Analogous estimating amounts to ________. a. bottom-up estimation b. expert judgment c. use of a past similar project d. All of these alternatives are correct. e. Only b. and c. are correct.

c. use of a past similar project

Suppose you had decided to use a SCRUM methodology to breakup the various components of the software system. Which of the following components which you conduct sprints on second? a. minor functional components b. backbone structure c. user interfaces d. major functional components e. small details

c. user interfaces

Patrick is reading a document that outlines the specific tasks and subtasks required to complete the writing of a technical support manual. The method that was probably used to develop the document is most likely ________. a. work package b. priority matrix c. work breakdown structure d. organization breakdown structure e. responsibility matrix

c. work breakdown structure

By default ProjectLibre makes which of the following assumptions about time? a. 8-hour days b. No work on Saturdays c. No work on Sundays d. All of the alternatives are correct. e. Only a. and c. are correct.

d. All of the alternatives are correct.

When should inexperienced persons be used to estimate? a. When no one else is available b. When the project is new c. When there is no history database d. Both a. and c. are correct when taken together. e. Inexperienced persons should never be used to estimate.

d. Both a. and c. are correct when taken together.

What kind of cash reserves are needed to accommodate holidays, sick days, snow days, company meetings, training days? a. Management reserves b. Budgetary reserves c. Unproductive days reserves d. Contingency reserves e. None of these alternatives is correct.

d. Contingency reserves

Which of the following is not part of the Agile Alliance manifesto that declared four core values? a. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools. b. Responding to change over following a plan. c. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation. d. Creating an end user survey. e. Working software over comprehensive documentation.

d. Creating an end user survey.

Which of the following statements is false? a. A resource breakdown structure is a hierarchical structure that identifies the project's resources by category and type. b. A three-point estimate in PERT includes an optimistic, a most likely, and a pessimistic estimate. c. A Gantt chart is a common tool for displaying project schedule information on a timeline. d. Duration and effort are synonymous terms. e. Both b. and d. are false statements.

d. Duration and effort are synonymous terms.

Which of the following is not a reason for why estimates are needed? a. Estimates are needed to support good decisions. b. Estimates are needed to schedule work. c. Estimates are needed to determine whether the project is worth doing. d. Estimates are needed to measure and assess quality. e. Estimates are needed to determine how long the project should take and its cost.

d. Estimates are needed to measure and assess quality.

Iterative development processes provide which important advantages ________. a. continuous integration, verification, and validation of the evolving product b. frequent demonstration of progress to increase the likelihood that the end product will satisfy customer needs c. Early detection of defects and problems d. a., b. and c. are correct. e. None of these alternative is correct.

d. a., b. and c. are correct.

IT Projects that are of high priority and whose requirements are unstable or unknown are best accommodated by a. co-located teams b. dedicated project teams c. team members are senior level d. all of the above are correct

d. all of the above are correct

The ________ calculates the critical path and determines how long an activity can be delayed without delaying the project. a. parallel pass b. forward pass c. concurrent pass d. backward pass

d. backward pass

When marketing informs the software development team that the product was promised to the customer on March 1st, that is a ________. a. target b. forecast c. due date d. commitment e. None of these alternatives is correct.

d. commitment

If a project criterion indicates that the project must meet a specific date, that criterion is classified as ________. a. enhanced b. limited c. fixed d. constrained e. accepted

d. constrained

The first step in creating the total content and substance of a project is to ________. a. determine the required completion date b. verify the budget available c. establish project priorities d. define the project scope e. assign team members to work on the project

d. define the project scope

Wayne needs to order memory chips needed to continue his project. The memory chips are needed now but the supplier won't be able to deliver them until next week. This is an example of a ________ constraint. a. people b. information c. working capital d. materials e. equipment

d. materials

According to PMBOK, the first process involved in project time management is ________. a. sequencing activities b. estimating activity durations c. defining activities d. planning schedule management e. developing schedule

d. planning schedule management

If it becomes necessary to delay one or several late starts to accommodate resource limitations, this is called ________. a. allocation b. time-constrained scheduling c. mandatory leveling d. resource-constrained scheduling e. splitting

d. resource-constrained scheduling

The implication of the cost of quality taxonomy discussed in class was to ________. a. spend more money on appraisal so as to incur less in the way of external costs due to bugs and software defects b. spend more money on prevention so as to incur less in the way of internal costs due to bugs and software defects c. spend more money on appraisal so as to incur less in the way of internal costs due to bugs and software defects d. spend more money on prevention so as to incur less in the way of external costs due to bugs and software defects e. All of these alternatives are correct.

d. spend more money on prevention so as to incur less in the way of external costs due to bugs and software defects

The purpose of top-down estimation is for ________. a. definitive purposes b. detailed scheduling and budgeting purposes c. accuracy purposes d. strategic purposes e. schedule purposes

d. strategic purposes

Which of the following is a potential future consequence of not considering the impact on the schedule of limited resources? a. Costly activity delays b. Costly project delays c. Difficulty in taking quick corrective action d. Only a. and b. are correct. e. All a., b. and c. are correct.

e. All a., b. and c. are correct.

In the Scrum Development Process a specific feature is ________. a. analysis b. design c. build d. test e. All of these alternatives are correct.

e. All of these alternatives are correct.

The purpose of placing a PROJECT summary task at the very beginning of the list of tasks in the entry table is to ________. a. see total project duration and total project cost on the top line of the entry table b. enable a collection of tasks to be predecessors to the PROJECT summary task c. make visible the milestones of the project d. create mini projects within the context of the larger PROJECT e. All of these alternatives are correct.

e. All of these alternatives are correct.

Which of the following is a typical problem associated with cost estimates? a. Estimates are done too quickly; estimates are off-the-cuff b. People lack estimating experience c. Human beings are biased toward underestimation d. Management desires accuracy e. All of these alternatives are problems associated with cost estimates.

e. All of these alternatives are problems associated with cost estimates.

All of the following are usually included in a work package except ________. a. What will be done? b. The time needed to complete the work. c. A single person who is responsible for its completion. d. All the costs for the work package. e. All of these are included in a work package.

e. All of these are included in a work package.

________ generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization. a. Mind mapping b. Prototyping c. Systems thinking d. None of these alternatives is correct. e. Benchmarking

e. Benchmarking

A milestone in ProjectLibre is a task with ________. a. a finite duration b. a zero duration c. minimal duration/minimal cost d. a diamond icon e. Both b. and d. are correct.

e. Both b. and d. are correct.

Which of the following estimates is typically done two years before start of execution? a. Estimation b. Accommodation of the customer c. Strategic estimation d. Definitive estimation e. Budgetary estimation

e. Budgetary estimation

________ costs are things like resource hourly rates. a. Intangible b. Tangible c. Sunk d. Indirect e. Direct

e. Direct

As the project manager for a software development project, you are helping to develop the project schedule. You decide that writing code for a system should not start until users sign off on the analysis work. Further, you decide that testing of a module (an object, class) will not commence until the entire module has been coded and compiled. What type of dependency is this? a. External b. There is no dependency. c. Discretionary d. Internal e. Mandatory

e. Mandatory

A ________ is a bell-shaped curve that is symmetrical regarding the average value of the population (the data being analyzed) and has infinite tails. a. Beta distribution b. Exponential distribution c. Rectangular distribution d. Poisson distribution e. Normal distribution

e. Normal distribution

In order to see total project duration and total project cost as well as meta-task durations and costs, it is recommended that you ________. a. include a project summary task as your first task under which all other tasks are subordinate b. insert a cost column in the Entry table c. replace the Entry table with the Resources view d. All of these alternatives are correct. e. Only a. and b. are correct.

e. Only a. and b. are correct.

The purpose of a far-out estimate (five or more years) is to ________. a. Determine economic feasibility b. Determine priority of the project c. Decide detailed absolute definitive cost and duration numbers d. All of these alternatives are correct. e. Only a. and b. are correct.

e. Only a. and b. are correct.

To crash the critical path beyond the point where it is no longer critical is ________. a. to allow another path to become critical b. to waste money c. permissible by the rules d. All of these alternatives are correct. e. Only a. and b. are correct.

e. Only a. and b. are correct.

If you were trying to estimate the cost of a new project that was five years out from even being started, most likely you would be using ________. a. Top-down estimation b. Bottom-up estimation c. Analogous estimation d. None of these alternative is correct. e. Only a. and c. are correct.

e. Only a. and c. are correct.

Why is it necessary to enumerate every path when crashing a project? a. So as to determine the length of every path and to determine the critical path b. So as to determine which tasks are not critical c. So as to determine the effects on every path length from crashing a specific task d. So as to determine if the critical path has been crashed beyond the point where it is no longer critical e. Only c. and d. are correct.

e. Only c. and d. are correct.

________ is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions. a. Performance b. Maintainability c. None of these alternatives is correct. d. Functionality e. Reliability

e. Reliability

Which of the following estimates is typically used for making decisions two to five years out? a. Estimation b. Accommodation of the customer c. Budgetary estimation d. Definitive estimation e. Strategic estimation

e. Strategic estimation

Administrative activities, such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project, are often involved in ________ processes. a. initiating b. planning c. executing d. monitoring and controlling e. closing

e. closing

Scrum, agile methodologies belong to which of the following methodology types? a. traditional waterfall with low ceremony b. iterative development with high ceremony c. iterative development with high discipline d. traditional waterfall with high ceremony e. iterative development with low ceremony

e. iterative development with low ceremony

A ________ is the tool used to assist in making project trade-offs between schedule, budget, and performance objectives. a. work package b. work breakdown structure c. responsibility matrix d. criterion matrix e. project priority matrix

e. project priority matrix

A project engineer has been scheduled to run the product system test at the exact same time he is to build a marketing prototype. This is an example of a ________ constraint. a. time b. technical c. scheduling d. physical e. resource

e. resource

The ________ backlog represents the amount of work the sprint team commits to complete during the next sprint or iteration. a. scrum b. developer c. product d. iteration e. sprint

e. sprint

When creating a software package, the software must be designed, the code must be written, and then the code must be tested. This is an example of a ________ constraint. a. schedule b. resource c. time d. physical e. technical

e. technical