Issues in Nursing NCLEX EAQ's

Which nursing action is legally required? 1 Providing health teaching regarding family planning 2 Offering first aid at the scene of an automobile collision 3 Reporting incidents of suspected child abuse to the appropriate authorities 4 Administering resuscitative measures to an unconscious child pulled from a swimming pool

3 Reporting incidents of suspected child abuse to the appropriate authorities

While obtaining the vital signs of a client, the nurse finds that the body temperature of the client is 98.6 °F. The nurse concludes that the client is experiencing what? 1 Hypothermia 2 Hyperpyrexia 3 Hyperthermia 4 Normothermia

4 Normothermia

A student nurse is listing the different aspects of the healthcare services pyramid. 1 Primary care 2 Tertiary care 3 Preventive care 4 Restorative care

4 Restorative care

What does the nurse understand the term in-service education to mean? 1 It helps achieve an organization's required competencies. 2 It helps the nurse gain knowledge about traditional health care practices. 3 It is a one-way education program to promote and maintain current nursing skills. 4 It is focused on techniques and technologies that have been used successfully in the past.

1 It helps achieve an organization's required competencies.

A nurse notices that a client is in spiritual distress. Which nursing action establishes the nurse as a caregiver? 1 The nurse provides therapeutic treatment to the client. 2 The nurse teaches the client about signs of spiritual distress. 3 The nurse communicates the wishes of the client to family members. 4 The nurse collaborates with the agency chaplain to pursue the best treatment plan.

1 The nurse provides therapeutic treatment to the client. A nurse serves as a caregiver by meeting all the health care requirements of the client by providing measures that restore a client's emotional, spiritual, and social well-being. In the given scenario, the nurse provides therapeutic treatment to the client as a caregiver. As an educator, the nurse teaches the client about the signs of spiritual distress. As a client's advocate, the nurse communicates the wishes of the client to family members. The nurse follows the principle of accountability by collaborating with the agency chaplain to pursue the best treatment plan.

Which points are important when giving practical knowledge to nursing students about preventing complications in the hospital? Select all that apply. 1 Nursing students cannot be held accountable for their actions if a client has been harmed. 2 Nursing students cannot be assigned clinical tasks for which they have not been prepared. 3 Nursing students can work as nursing assistants or nurse's aides when not attending classes. 4 Nursing students should tell their instructor immediately after sustaining a needle stick injury. 5 Nursing students may act as witnesses on consent forms for hospital treatments and procedures.

2, 3, 4 Nursing students cannot be assigned clinical tasks for which they have not been prepared. Nursing students can work as nursing assistants or nurse's aides when not attending classes. Nursing students should tell their instructor immediately after sustaining a needle stick injury.

A nursing student is noting information about the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI). Which point noted by the nursing student needs correction? 1 The National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) was developed by the American Nurses Association (ANA). 2 The National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) reports quarterly results on nursing outcomes at the nursing unit level. 3 The National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) reports provide a database for individual hospitals to compare their performance against nursing performance internationally. 4 The National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) was developed to measure and evaluate nursing-sensitive outcomes with the purpose of improving client safety and quality care.

3 The National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) reports provide a database for individual hospitals to compare their performance against nursing performance internationally.

A nursing student is listing the points that need to be remembered about the loss of a client's medical records. Which point listed by the nursing student is accurate? 1 "Loss of medical records may lead to libel charges." 2 "The registered nurse should maintain accurate nursing records." 3 "There is an assumption that the care provided to the client was negligent." 4 "The healthcare facility needs to demonstrate why the medical records were lost."

3 "There is an assumption that the care provided to the client was negligent." In case a client's medical record is lost, there is an assumption that the care provided to the client was negligent. Loss of medical records may lead to a malpractice claim. The entire institution is responsible for maintaining medical records. Primary healthcare providers need to demonstrate why the medical records were lost.

A nurse is teaching staff members about the legal terminology used in child abuse. What definition of battery should the nurse include in the teaching? 1 Maligning a person's character while threatening to do bodily harm 2 A legal wrong committed by one person against property of another 3 The application of force to another person without lawful justification 4 Behaving in a way that a reasonable person with the same education would not

3 The application of force to another person without lawful justification Battery means touching in an offensive manner or actually injuring another person. Battery refers to actual bodily harm rather than threats of physical or psychological harm. Battery refers to harm against persons, not property. Behaving in a way that a reasonable person with the same education would not is the definition of negligence.

What is the goal of Healthy People 2020? 1 To ensure the well-being of clients cared for in a hospital setting 2 To encourage the nurse to do good for the client 3 To have the nurse act as an advocate for clients who are not capable of self-determination 4 To eliminate health disparities related to race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status

4 To eliminate health disparities related to race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status The primary goal of Healthy People 2020 is to eliminate health disparities related to race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. This helps to increase the quality of health care and help people live longer. Nonmaleficence is the ethical concept that emphasizes the importance of preventing harm and ensuring the client's well-being. Beneficence is the ethical concept that encourages the nurse to do good for the client. According to the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics for Nurses (2010), if the client is not capable of self-determination, the nurse is ethically obligated to protect the client as an advocate within the professional scope of nursing practice.

Why should organizations promote transparency in health care? 1 Transparency helps in creating effective insurance policies. 2 Transparency helps determine whether drugs are being diverted. 3 Transparency facilitates recruitment of competent team members. 4 Transparency allows continuous feedback for improving client outcomes.

4 Transparency allows continuous feedback for improving client outcomes Transparency means to be clear and unambiguous in the daily operations of a health care organization. Transparency allows continuous feedback for the consumers, which helps improve the clinical outcomes of the clients. Transparency is not related to the diversion of drugs for non-therapeutic purpose. Transparency may not contribute to better recruitment in the organization. Transparency in a health care organization is unrelated to insurance policies.

A client has the habit of staying up and watching movies till 4 a.m. on weekends. The nurse educates the client about the risks of not following a proper sleep routine. The client responds by saying, "I understand your point, but I haven't had any major problems yet." Which stage of health behavior change does the nurse recognize? 1 Action 2 Preparation 3 Contemplation 4 Precontemplation

3 Contemplation

What does the nurse understand by the word felony? 1 A felony is a less serious crime that has a penalty of a fine or imprisonment for less than one year. 2 A felony is the publication of false statements that occurs when one speaks falsely about another. 3 A felony is the publication of false statements that occurs when false entries are made in a medical record. 4 A felony is a crime of a serious nature that has a penalty of imprisonment for longer than one year or even death.

4 A felony is a crime of a serious nature that has a penalty of imprisonment for longer than one year or even death

A registered nurse is educating a nursing student about the stages of changes in a client's health behavior. Which statement describes the stage of contemplation? 1 "The client considers a change within the next 6 months." 2 "The client does not intend to make changes within the next 6 months." 3 "The client is actively engaged in strategies to change behavior; this lasts up to 6 months." 4 "The client displays sustained change over time; this begins 6 months after action has started and continues indefinitely."

1 "The client considers a change within the next 6 months."

nurse is following the guidelines for high-quality documentation and reporting. Which guideline followed by the nurse while documenting factual records indicates a need for additional training? 1 "The client seems restless." 2 "The client states, 'I am worried.'" 3 "The client's pulse rate is 90 beats/min." 4 "The client has a body temperature of 39° C (102.2° F)."

1 "The client seems restless." For high-quality documentation and reporting, the nurse should refrain from using vague terms such as "seems" or "appears" because these are not actual facts. Subjective data can be recorded by documenting the client's exact statements within quotation marks (for example, the nurse should write down that the client stated "I am worried"). Objective documentation includes direct observations and measurements such as the pulse rate and body temperature.

A client tells the nurse, "I keep reverting to my old habit of drinking soda, although I have stopped drinking as much." What stage of health behavior change has the client reached? 1 Action stage 2 Preparation stage 3 Maintenance stage 4 Contemplation stage

1 Action stage The client in this situation has reached the action stage of health behavior change. In this stage, old habits may get in the way of new behaviors. - In the preparation stage, the client understands that the advantages of the health behavior change outweigh its disadvantages. In this situation, the client has already made changes in health behavior. - In the maintenance stage, the client continues the health behavior change indefinitely. - In the contemplation stage, the client may be ambivalent but is more ready to accept information regarding health behavior change.

Which antipyretic medication may cause Reye syndrome in children? 1 Aspirin (Anacin) 2 Naproxen (Aleve) 3 Ibuprofen (Advil) 4 Dantrolene (Dantrium)

1 Aspirin

A client dies during surgery, and the family members ask that the hospital not conduct autopsy examinations. Which religion might the nurse expect this family to practice? 1 Islam 2 Hinduism 3 Buddhism 4 Christianity

1 Islam

What can be inferred when a professional is said to have ethical sensitivity? 1 The professional has the ability to recognize ethical dilemmas. 2 The professional has the ability to take a morally correct action. 3 The professional has the ability to justify a well-reasoned action. 4 The professional has the ability to think critically to rank ethical obligations.

1 The professional has the ability to recognize ethical dilemmas Ethical sensitivity helps to recognize if there is an ethical dilemma or issue. Ethical decision-making helps to take morally correct action through reasoning and justification. The ability to think critically to rank ethical obligations is called ethical reflection and analysis.

Which organization has a publication that includes the objective, "Aiming to develop a system to clients who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ)?" 1 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) 2 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 3 The Joint Commission (TJC) 4 The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH)

1 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) Developing a system to identify clients who are LGBTQ is a goal stated in the USDHHS's Healthy People 2020. - The CDC's publications have goals that differ from this one. - The TJC field guide lists the recommendations for health care agencies in designing a safe environment for LGBT client care. - WPATH summarizes core principles that nurses and other health care providers should follow when caring for transgender clients.

A nursing student is citing examples of situations that constitute invasion of privacy. Which examples are accurate? Select all that apply. 1 "A nurse states in a press conference that a famous singer is suffering from throat cancer." 2 "A nurse informs a woman's husband that she has had a miscarriage without consulting with the client." 3 "A nurse tells the parents of a 19-year-old that their child is addicted to drugs without waiting for consent." 4 "A nurse informs the primary healthcare provider that the client has cancer without waiting for consent." 5 "A nurse falsely enters in a client's electronic health record that he or she has a sexually transmitted infection (STI)."

1, 2, 3 "A nurse states in a press conference that a famous singer is suffering from throat cancer." "A nurse informs a woman's husband that she has had a miscarriage without consulting with the client." "A nurse tells the parents of a 19-year-old that their child is addicted to drugs without waiting for consent."

A client with a bleeding disorder is taking intravenous coagulant medications. The client suddenly develops an embolic stroke as a result of drug overdose. Which actions by the hospital management does the Leapfrog Group suggest? Select all that apply. 1 Apologize to the client and family 2 Waive all costs directly related to the adverse effect 3 Report the adverse event to The Joint Commission 4 Include the details of the medical error in the client's case sheet 5 Share the client's details and condition with other health care facilities

1, 2, 3 Apologize to the client and family Waive all costs directly related to the adverse effect Report the adverse event to The Joint Commission The aim of the Leapfrog Group is to make health care safer. In case of an adverse event, the Leapfrog Group suggests that the hospitals apologize to the client and family. It also suggests waiving all costs directly related for the treatment of adverse effects. According to the Leapfrog Group, the hospital should report the adverse event to The Joint Commission and take measures to prevent this error in the future. The Leapfrog Group does not suggest including the details of medical error in the details; rather, it suggests performing root cause analysis. The hospital should maintain privacy and should avoid sharing the client's details with other health care facilities.

A registered nurse is educating a nursing student about the utilitarian system of ethics. What information should the nurse provide? Select all that apply. 1 "The value of something is decided by its usefulness." 2 "The main emphasis is on the outcome or consequence of the action." 3 "The system examines a situation for the presence of essential right or wrong." 4 "The greatest good for the greatest number of people determines the right action." 5 "The actions can be determined whether right or wrong based on their 'right-making characteristics.'"

1, 2, 4 "The value of something is decided by its usefulness." "The main emphasis is on the outcome or consequence of the action." "The greatest good for the greatest number of people determines the right action."

What problems may a nurse come across when dealing with ethical issues related to end-of-life care? Select all that apply. 1 Clients are unable to communicate effectively. 2 All interventions for helping the clients seem futile. 3 Clients are often unfamiliar with the concept of autonomy. 4 Multiple medications affect the cognitive ability of the clients. 5 Predictions regarding health outcomes are not always accurate.

1, 2, 5 Clients are unable to communicate effectively. All interventions for helping the clients seem futile. Predictions regarding health outcomes are not always accurate.

What are the instances when an adult can give consent for medical treatment? Select all that apply. 1 Any guardian for the adult's ward 2 Any parent for the adult's emancipated minor 3 Any parent for the adult's unemancipated minor 4 Any adult for the treatment of his or her minor brother or sister (if an emergency and parents are not present) 5 As a grandparent for a minor grandchild under normal circumstances

1, 3, 4 Any guardian for the adult's ward Any parent for the adult's unemancipated minor Any adult for the treatment of his or her minor brother or sister (if an emergency and parents are not present)

A nurse is educating a client regarding a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. What information should the nurse provide? Select all that apply. 1 "Do-not-resuscitate orders should be reviewed routinely by the primary healthcare provider." 2 "A primary healthcare provider should make every effort to revive a client if a do-not-resuscitate order exists." 3 "Legally competent adults may issue a do-not-resuscitate order verbally or in writing after receiving proper information about it." 4 "Primary healthcare providers should check for a DNR order before deciding to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation." 5 "A DNR order may be attached to the client's medical orders without any legal proof of consultation regarding the order."

1, 3, 4 "Do-not-resuscitate orders should be reviewed routinely by the primary healthcare provider." "Legally competent adults may issue a do-not-resuscitate order verbally or in writing after receiving proper information about it." "Primary healthcare providers should check for a DNR order before deciding to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation."

A registered nurse is educating a student nurse about the concept of "floating." What information should the nurse provide? Select all that apply. 1 The nurse needs to request and receive an orientation to the unit. 2 The nurse is liable if supervisors assign a task that he/she is incapable of handling. 3 The nurse should inform supervisors if asked to care for more clients than is reasonable. 4 The nurse needs to learn about the policies of the institution regarding floating before accepting employment. 5 The nurse must inform supervisors about any lack of experience in caring for the type of clients in the assigned nursing unit.

1, 4, 5 The nurse needs to request and receive an orientation to the unit. The nurse needs to learn about the policies of the institution regarding floating before accepting employment. The nurse must inform supervisors about any lack of experience in caring for the type of clients in the assigned nursing unit.

A registered nurse educates a student nurse regarding the appropriate method of dealing with clients of different cultural backgrounds. Which statements by the student nurse indicate an understanding of various cultures? Select all that apply. 1 "I should focus on understanding the traditions, beliefs, and values of the client's culture." 2 "I should provide care strictly on the basis of the traditions, beliefs, and values of the client's community." 3 "It is acceptable to provide generalized education and information to clients belonging to a different community." 4 "I should understand that the cultural background of the client has no impact on his or her health, wellness, and illness." 5 "I should be aware of my own cultural background and beliefs when attending to clients who belong to different cultures."

1, 5 "I should focus on understanding the traditions, beliefs, and values of the client's culture." "I should be aware of my own cultural background and beliefs when attending to clients who belong to different cultures." A nurse should refrain from assuming that every client follows the cultural practices and traditions of his or her community stringently. When educating a client about any illness or procedure, the nurse should understand that the client may have unique cultural perceptions regarding the cause of the illness and treatment and may need specific education and information. The nurse should understand that cultural background has an impact on a client's health care beliefs and that it affects his or her health, wellness, and illness. To provide individualized care to the client, the nurse should focus on his or her traditions, beliefs, and values. The nurse should be aware of his or her own cultural background and beliefs to ensure that stereotypes and prejudices do not get in the way of client care.

Nurses are held responsible for the commission of a tort. What is the definition of a tort? 1 The application of force to the body of another by a reasonable individual 2 An illegality committed by one person against the property or person of another 3 Doing something that a reasonable person under ordinary circumstances would not do 4 An illegality committed against the public and punishable by the law through the courts

2 An illegality committed by one person against the property or person of another

A nurse who promotes freedom of choice for clients in decision-making best supports which principle? 1 Justice 2 Autonomy 3 Beneficence 4 Paternalism

2 Autonomy The principle of autonomy relates to the freedom of a person to form his or her own judgments and actions. The nurse promotes autonomy nonjudgmentally so as not to infringe on the decisions or actions of others. - Justice means to be righteous, equitable, and to act or treat fairly. - Beneficence relates to the state or act of doing good and being kind and charitable. It also includes promotion of well-being and abstaining from injuring others. - Paternalism encompasses the practice of governing people in a fatherly manner, especially by providing for their needs without infringing on their rights or responsibilities.

Which role does a nurse play when helping clients to identify and clarify health problems and to choose appropriate courses of action to solve those problems? 1 Educator 2 Counselor 3 Change agent 4 Case manager

2 Counselor As a counselor, the nurse helps clients identify and clarify health problems and choose appropriate courses of action to solve those problems. - As an educator, the nurse teaches clients and their families to assume responsibility for their own health care. - A nurse acts as a change agent within a family system or as a mediator for problems within a client's community; this involves identifying and implementing new and more effective approaches to problems. - As a case manager, the nurse establishes an appropriate plan of care on the basis of assessment findings and coordinates needed resources and services for the client's well-being along a continuum of care.

While entering data for a client in the electronic health record (EHR), the nurse uses North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) International terminology to document which part of the nursing process? 1 Planning 2 Diagnosis 3 Outcomes 4 Interventions

2 Diagnosis The NANDA International terminology provides code numbers for the diagnosis of various diseases. Therefore the nurse would use NANDA International for entering the client's diagnosis.The nurse is presenting information about hyperthermia to a group of nursing students.

The nurse is getting ready to perform an initial assessment interview of a Chinese older adult who does not speak English. The client has a tibial fracture and is hard of hearing. Which should be available before starting the interview in order to minimize communication problems that may lead to health disparity? 1 Wheelchair and hearing aid 2 Hearing aid and interpreter 3 Interpreter and sphygmomanometer 4 Wheelchair and sphygmomanometer

2 Hearing aid and interpreter

A registered nurse notices that the insertion site of a client receiving intravenous medication is swollen. The nurse takes appropriate measures to treat the area and takes a photo of the insertion site and saves it in the client's electronic health record. Which Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse following? 1 Safety 2 Informatics 3 Client-centered care 4 Teamwork and collaboration

2 Informatics According to the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency, informatics is the use of information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, reduce errors, and support decision-making. In the given scenario, the nurse takes appropriate measures to treat a swollen insertion site, takes a photo, and saves the photo in the client's electronic health record for future reference. This scenario qualifies for the informatics competency. - The safety competency is used to reduce the risk of harm to clients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance. - Client-centered care competency is used to provide compassionate and coordinated care based on respect to the client's preferences, values, and needs. - The teamwork and collaboration competency is used to effectively function within the nursing and interprofessional teams to achieve quality client care.

A nurse advises a client to refrain from adding salt to food as a way to prevent high blood pressure. What kind of health care service is this? 1 Tertiary care 2 Primary care 3 Preventive care 4 Restorative care

2 Primary care When a nurse provides nutrition counseling to the client, it qualifies as primary care. In the given scenario, the nurse advises the client to refrain from adding salt in the diet in order to prevent high blood pressure.

A nurse is caring for a client with renal failure. The client wants to go back home but the family members want the client to undergo a kidney transplant. The nurse gives details about the possible threats and benefits of the surgery to the family and informs them that the client wants to stay home. What role does the nurse play here? 1 Educator 2 Manager 3 Caregiver 4 Advocate

4 Advocate The nurse in the given scenario plays the role of an advocate by protecting the client's human and legal rights and by providing assistance in asserting these rights.

A nursing student is evaluating statements regarding the five levels of proficiency set forth by Benner. Which statement indicates that a nurse is in the advanced beginner stage? 1 The nurse is learning about the profession through a specific set of rules and procedures. 2 The nurse is able to identify the basic principles of nursing care through careful observation. 3 The nurse is able to understand the organization and specific care required by certain clients. 4 The nurse is able to assess the entire situation and transfer knowledge gained from multiple previous experiences.

2 The nurse is able to identify the basic principles of nursing care through careful observation According to the levels of proficiency set forth by Benner, a nurse in the advanced beginner stage is able to identify basic principles of nursing care through careful observation. A nurse in the novice stage learns about the profession through a specific set of rules and procedures. After reaching the competent stage, a nurse will be able to understand the organization and specific care required by certain clients. A nurse who has reached the proficient stage is able to assess an entire situation and transfer knowledge gained from multiple previous experiences.

What services do community health centers provide in preventive and primary care services? Select all that apply. 1 Day care 2 Health screenings 3 Physical assessments 4 Disease management 5 Acute and chronic care management

2, 3, 4

Which points will be part of a nurse preceptor's lecture on caring for the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) older adult population? Select all that apply. 1 LGBTQ older adults should be forced to answer any questions. 2 LGBTQ older adults may have sexual organs that conflict with their gender identity. 3 LGBTQ older adults are at an elevated risk for disability from chronic disease and mental distress. 4 LGBTQ older adult clients are rare; older adult clients are commonly heterosexual. 5 LGBTQ older adults may hide their gender identities and sexual orientations from the nurse and other health care providers.

2, 3, 5 LGBTQ older adults may have sexual organs that conflict with their gender identity. LGBTQ older adults are at an elevated risk for disability from chronic disease and mental distress. LGBTQ older adults may hide their gender identities and sexual orientations from the nurse and other health care providers.

Identify factors associated with an increased incidence of abuse within a family. Select all that apply. 1 Acute illness 2 Pregnancy 3 Drug abuse 4 Chronic illness 5 Sexual orientation

2, 3, 5 Pregnancy, Drug Abuse, Sexual Orientation

What are the best ways for a nurse to be protected legally? Select all that apply. 1 Ensure that a therapeutic relationship with all clients has been established. 2 Provide care within the parameters of the state or provinces standards for nursing practice. 3 Carry at least $100,000 worth of liability insurance. 4 Document consistently and objectively. 5 Clearly document a client's nonadherence to the medical regimen.

2, 4, 5 Provide care within the parameters of the state or provinces standards for nursing practice. Document consistently and objectively. Clearly document a client's nonadherence to the medical regimen.

What should a nurse understand about healthcare proxies or a durable power of attorney for healthcare? 1 A proxy is a legal document that prohibits the purchase or sale of organs. 2 A proxy is a legal document that ensures the client has the right to refuse medical treatment. 3 A proxy is a legal document that designates a person or persons to make health care decisions on behalf of the client. 4 A proxy is a legal document that directs treatment in accordance with the client's wishes in case of a terminal illness or condition.

3 A proxy is a legal document that designates a person or persons to make health care decisions on behalf of the client.

Which ethical principles govern a nurse's behavior when making difficult decisions about a client's care at the point of care? 1 Bioethics 2 Meta ethics 3 Clinical ethics 4 Research ethics

3 Clinical ethics Clinical ethics help in decision-making in issues that involve bedside client care and other client-related issues. - The principles of bioethics govern ethical issues in biological sciences and technology. - Metaethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with fundamental questions about concepts. - Research ethics are applicable toward research subjects, whether human or animal.

What is a living will? 1 It is a legal document that allows registered nurses to offer special skills to the public. 2 It is an order that directs primary healthcare providers to refrain from reviving clients. 3 It is a written document that directs treatment according to the client's wishes, in case of a terminal illness or condition. 4 It is a legal document that designates a person or persons chosen by a client to make health care decisions on his/her behalf.

3 It is a written document that directs treatment according to the client's wishes, in case of a terminal illness or condition A living will is a written document that directs treatment on the basis of the client's wishes if he/she has a terminal illness or condition. A license allows registered nurses to offer the special skills to the public. A 'do not resuscitate' (DNR) order prevents primary healthcare providers from reviving clients or performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). A durable power of attorney is a legal document that designates a person or persons chosen by a client to healthcare decisions on his/her behalf when the client is unable to do so.

How would the student nurse describe a quasi-intentional tort occurring during the practice of nursing? 1 It is a willful act violating a client's rights. 2 It is a civil wrong made against a person or property. 3 It is an act that lacks intent but involves volitional action. 4 It is an unintentional act that includes negligence and malpractice.

3 It is an act that lacks intent but involves volitional action. A quasi-intentional tort lacks intent but involves volitional actions such as invasion of privacy and defamation of character. An intentional tort is a willful act that violates another's rights. This includes assault, battery, and false imprisonment. A tort is a civil wrong made against a person or property. An unintentional tort involves negligence and malpractice.

A client is placed on a stretcher and restrained with straps while being transported to the x-ray department. A strap breaks, and the client falls to the floor, sustaining a fractured arm. Later the client shows the strap to the nurse manager, stating, "See, the strap is worn just at the spot where it snapped." What is the nurse's accountability regarding this incident? 1 Exempt from any lawsuit because of the doctrine of respondeat superior 2 Totally responsible for the obvious negligence because of failure to report defective equipment 3 Liable, along with the employer, for misapplication of equipment or use of defective equipment that harms the client 4 Exonerated, because only the hospital, as principal employer, is responsible for the quality and maintenance of equipment

3 Liable, along with the employer, for misapplication of equipment or use of defective equipment that harms the client Using a stretcher with worn straps is negligent; this oversight does not reflect the actions of a reasonably prudent nurse. The nurse is responsible and must ascertain the adequate functioning of equipment. The hospital shares responsibility for safe, functioning equipment.

A client dies in the hospital 2 hours after being admitted. Who has the authority to decide if a post-mortem should be conducted? 1 Surviving spouse 2 Nursing manager 3 Medical examiner 4 Primary healthcare provider

3 Medical examiner If a client dies within 24 hours of being admitted to the hospital, the medical examiner has the right to decide whether a post-mortem should be conducted. If the client's death does not need to be reviewed by the medical examiner and the client has not requested an autopsy in writing, the surviving spouse may request a post-mortem. The nursing manager and the primary healthcare provider are not authorized to make decisions regarding a post-mortem.

A terminally ill client has died in the hospital and it is time to inform the client's family members. The nurse is unsure how to console the family members. Which member of the interprofessional team is appropriate for the nurse to ask for support in informing and consoling the family? 1 Primary health care provider 2 Pharmacist 3 Social worker 4 Occupational therapist

3 Social Worker The social worker on the interprofessional team helps the family members prepare for the client's death and also during the grief and bereavement process. Therefore, the nurse involves the social worker in consoling the family members in this situation.

A client is injured from falling from a hospital bed on which the side rails were not raised appropriately. The client's family files a malpractice suit against the nurse responsible for taking care of the client. Which statements regarding the lawsuit are accurate? Select all that apply. 1 The nurse is the plaintiff and the client is the defendant. 2 The plaintiff selects experts to establish the appropriateness of nursing care. 3 The defendant obtains all of the plaintiff's medical records in the discovery phase. 4 The jury uses certain standards of care to determine whether the nurse acted properly. 5 The plaintiff outlines what the defendant did wrong and how it resulted in injury in the pleadings phase.

3, 4, 5 The defendant obtains all of the plaintiff's medical records in the discovery phase. The jury uses certain standards of care to determine whether the nurse acted properly. The plaintiff outlines what the defendant did wrong and how it resulted in injury in the pleadings phase. In this lawsuit, the client is the plaintiff and the nurse is the defendant. The nurse selects experts to establish that appropriate care was provided to the client. In the discovery phase (which occurs before the trial), the defendant obtains all of the client's relevant medical records from before and after the treatment. The jury uses standards of care to determine whether the nurse acted appropriately or committed malpractice. In the pleadings phase, the petition is put forward in the court. The plaintiff (client) outlines what the defendant (nurse) did wrong and how his or her actions resulted in injury.

A registered nurse is explaining the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies to a nursing student. What information should the nurse provide about the competency teamwork and collaboration? 1 "A nurse should be able to use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate errors, and support decision-making." 2 "A nurse should be able to understand that the client is the source of control and full partner when providing compassionate and coordinated care." 3 "A nurse should be able to implement improvement methods to design and test changes in order to improve the quality and safety of the healthcare system." 4 "A nurse should be able to work effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams by promoting open communication and shared decision-making to provide client care."

4 "A nurse should be able to work effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams by promoting open communication and shared decision-making to provide client care." According to the QSEN competency called teamwork and collaboration, a nurse should be able to work effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams, promoting open communication and shared decision-making to provide quality client care. According to the QSEN competency called informatics, a nurse should be able to use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate errors, and support decision-making. This helps to deliver optimal healthcare. As per the QSEN competency called patient-centered care, a nurse should be able to understand that the client is the source of control and full partner when the healthcare team provides compassionate and coordinated care. According to the QSEN competency called quality improvement, a nurse should be able to implement improvement methods to design and test changes in order to improve the quality and safety of the healthcare system.

A registered nurse is explaining the term "just culture" to the student nurse. Which explanation provided by the registered nurse is accurate? 1 "It refers to the agreement to keep promises." 2 "It refers to taking positive actions to help others." 3 "It refers to the ability to answer for one's actions." 4 "It refers to promoting open discussion whenever error occurs without fear of recrimination."

4 "It refers to promoting open discussion whenever error occurs without fear of recrimination." The term "just culture" refers to the promotion of open discussion whenever errors occur without fear of recrimination. Fidelity refers to the agreement to keep promises. Beneficence refers to taking positive actions to help others. Accountability refers to the ability to answer for one's actions.

A nursing student is listing the professional responsibilities and roles of the nurse. Who is the most independently functioning nurse? 1 Nurse educator 2 Nurse researcher 3 Nurse administrator 4 Advanced practice registered nurse

4 Advanced practice registered nurse The advanced practice registered nurse is the most independently functioning nurse. The nurse educator, nurse researcher, and nurse administrator all must be associated with an organization to pursue their professional prospects.

A nurse working in an emergency department is concerned about a recent increase in malpractice claims against nurses. What is the best way for the nurse to prevent being named in a lawsuit? 1 Carry malpractice insurance. 2 Write vague incident reports. 3 Transfer to another department. 4 Attend professional development programs.

4 Attend professional development programs. The best way to prevent professional negligence (malpractice) is to attend continuing education programs and improve practice; additional education is advisable when one is working in specialty areas, such as emergency departments or intensive care areas. - Insurance is helpful after an incident, but it will not prevent malpractice claims. - Writing vague incident reports is not professional; incident reports should be detailed. - Preventing the issue by transferring to another department will not solve the problem. Each area of nursing practice requires expertise.

Which statement captures the essence of feminist ethics accurately? 1 Feminist ethicists propose that the value of something is determined by its usefulness. 2 Feminist ethicists propose that the greatest good for the greatest number of people is the right action. 3 Feminist ethicists propose that an action is right or wrong based on its "right-making characteristics." 4 Feminist ethicists propose that the natural human urge to be influenced by relationships is a positive value.

4 Feminist ethicists propose that the natural human urge to be influenced by relationships is a positive value. Feminist ethicists propose that the natural human urge to be influenced by relationships is a positive value. According to the system of utilitarianism, the value of something is determined by its usefulness. This system believes that the right action can be determined by choosing the greatest good for the greatest number of people. According to the principle of deontology, actions can be distinguished as right or wrong based on its "right-making characteristics."

The nurse is presenting information about hyperthermia to a group of nursing students. Which activities put a client at risk for this condition? 1 Snowmobiling 2 Skiing in the winter 3 Hiking Alaskan mountains 4 Performing strenuous activity in high humidity

4 Performing strenuous activity in high humidity When a client performs strenuous activity in high humidity, it reduces heat loss from the body and results in hyperthermia. Activities such as snowmobiling, skiing, and hiking in cold weather may cause hypothermia because they occur in cold temperatures and may lower the body temperature.

According to Avedis Donabedian, which is the most important validator of quality and effectiveness of health care in a hospital? 1 The number of clients admitted in a hospital 2 The values and goals presented by the hospital 3 The number of health care workers in the hospital 4 The client outcomes achieved by the care provided

4 The client outcomes achieved by the care provided Avedis Donabedian was a physician and founder of the Donabedian model of care. According to him, the client outcomes obtained by health care delivery determines the quality and effectiveness of the health care.

The waiting area of a health care facility displays a pink triangle. What does this signify? 1 The waiting area is for females. 2 The waiting area is for pediatric clients. 3 The health care facility welcomes transwomen. 4 The health care facility welcomes lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) clients.

4 The health care facility welcomes lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) clients.

A client in need of a lung transplant tells the nurse, "I will not take the organ of any person belonging to a different religion." The nurse initiates the process for resolving the ethical dilemma by collaborating with other healthcare team members. What should the team do after agreeing to a statement of the problem? 1 The team should interview the family members of the client. 2 The team should initiate negotiations for the appropriate course of action. 3 The team should assess whether the client is satisfied with the course of action taken. 4 The team should determine all the possible courses of action based on available information.

4 The team should determine all the possible courses of action based on available information. When resolving an ethical dilemma, the healthcare team should determine all possible courses of action after agreeing to a statement of the problem. At this stage the members of the team weigh all the possible options to address the situation. The team should interview the family members of the client to gather relevant information related to the situation. However, this step is performed immediately after deciding that the problem is an ethical dilemma. The team members may negotiate a plan after determining all the possible courses of action to address the ethical issue. After resolving an ethical dilemma, the last step is to evaluate the action and the level of success. The team members may assess whether the client is satisfied with the course of action taken, at this stage.