IT Infrastructure Services/Virtualization, Network Services/FTP, SFTP,TFTP

Which of the benefits below make using an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provider a better option than purchasing dedicated physical hardware?

-Having low initial cost -Using a server for a short amount of time -Not needing to manage physical servers

Which of the benefits below make using an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provider a better option than purchasing dedicated physical hardware?

-IaaS providers have lower startup costs than buying dedicated hardware and are generally easier to manage.

Which are advantages of using a server operating system?

-More network connections -More RAM and storage capacity -Extra security features and networking services built right in

Which are advantages of using a server operating system?

-Server operating systems usually have expanded RAM and storage capacity limits. - Server operating systems are regular operating systems that are optimized for server functionality. This includes functions like allowing more network connections.

What are the advantages of using Infrastructure as a Service (or IaaS) solutions?

-you can have the hardware you need without upgrading any actual hardware -operating systems updates are taken care of for you -you are not responsible for managing hardware tasks

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

A method that provides network resources such as for storage and allow the client can deploy software and add network components such as firewalls.

SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)

A protocol available with the proprietary version of SSH that copies files between hosts securely. Like FTP, SFTP first establishes a connection with a host and then allows a remote user to browse directories, list files, and copy files. Unlike FTP, SFTP encrypts data before transmitting it.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

A protocol used to move files and folders over a network or the Internet.

What features does a proxy offer?

A proxy acts as an intermediary between your company and the Internet. Because of that, you have network privacy and can monitor and filter network traffic.

Let's say that you're the sole IT person in your company, and your boss wants a way to block certain websites from employees. What can you set up to help with this request?

A proxy server can be used to regulate access to certain websites.

Proxy Server

A server that acts as an intermediary between a user and the Internet.

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

A simple version of FTP that uses UDP as the transport protocol, and does not require a logon to the remote host.

Most popular options for IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Amazon Web Services and their Elastic Compute Cloud or EC2 instances, Linode which runs out virtual servers, Windows Azure Google Compute Engine

NTP (Network Time Protocol)

An Internet protocol that enables synchronization of computer clock times in a network of computers by exchanging time signals.

Most popular options for PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Heroku Windows Azure Google App Engine

What is the main advantage of using DHCP?

If you enable DHCP, your computers will be leased an IP address from a DHCP server. They'll automatically get IP addresses and you don't have to worry about manually setting addresses. It's automatic!

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

If you want an all-in-one solution to building and deploying a web application, you can use something called Platform as a Service, or PaaS. This includes an entire platform that allows you to build code, store information in a database, and serve your application from a single platform.

Let's say that you handle the IT systems administration for your company. There's a server inside of your organization that checks how often client machines access it. If a client machine hasn't accessed the server in three months, the server won't allow the client machine to access its resources anymore. What can you set to make sure that your client machines and the server times are in sync?

NTP is commonly used in organizations to keep time synchronized across machines in a fleet.

Which of the following is not a network file transfer protocol?

NTP stands for Network Time Protocol, and is not for transferring files.

What service can you use to keep time synchronized across the machines on your fleet?

NTP, or network time protocol, is used to keep time synchronized across machines.

network service

Network services are comprised of networking components that an organization uses in their IT environment, like network protocols, network hardware, etc.

What does PXE Boot stand for?

PXE Boot stands for Pre Boot Execution. This allows you to boot into software that's available over the network.

Google's GSuite is an example of which Cloud service?

Paas? Iaas??

physical infrastructure service

Physical infrastructure services are comprised of the physical hardware that an organization uses in their IT environment.

You're the sole IT employee at your company, and you don't know how many users or computers are in your organization. Uh oh! What can you use to easily manage the users in your company?

Platform Services?????

An app developer is shopping for a cloud service that will allow him to build code, store information in a database and serve his application from a single place. What type of cloud service is he looking for?

Platform as a Service or PaaS includes an entire platform that allows you to build code, store information in a database and serve your application from a single place.

In Linux, the most popular remote access tool is OpenSSH. Which software performs the same remote command line (CLI) access from a Windows machine? Check all that apply.

PuTTY is a handy Windows tool that lets you access a command line remotely using SSH.

PXE (preboot execution environment)

Refers to a client that can boot from a NIC. PXE-enabled clients include a NIC and BIOS that can be configured to boot from the NIC instead of a hard drive. It is often used to allow clients to download images.

If you wanted to securely transfer files from your local machine to a web server, what file transfer protocol could you use?

SFTP is the file transfer protocol that encrypts data.

A network service developer is looking to install the most secure file transfer protocol. Which protocol would best fit this criteria?

SFTP stands for Secure File Transfer Protocol. It is more secure than the unsecured FTP or TFTP.

Which of the following options allow you to access a computer remotely?

SSH VPN

What is one benefit of using TFTP over SFTP?

TFTP allows for a simpler transfer of files without having to authenticate. If you wanted to host something that anyone could access, you could use TFTP over SFTP.

A sysadmin is looking to use Pre Boot Execution over a network by keeping operating system installation files on a server. Which type of server is this most likely to be?

TFTP server

A sysadmin is looking to use Pre Boot Execution over a network by keeping operating system installation files on a server. Which type of server is this most likely to be?

TFTP stands for trivial FTP. It's a simpler way to transfer files than using FTP and is often used to host installation files.

software service

Software services are comprised of the software that an organization uses in its IT environment.

Which of the following do you need in order to SSH to a machine?

To make an SSH connection from one machine to another, you need to have an SSH client on the machine you want to connect from, along with an SSH server on the machine you want to connect to.

Intranet

a network designed for the exclusive use of computer users within an organization that cannot be accessed by users outside the organization

Let's say that you're the sole IT person at your company. The company is a very small startup, and they need to set up a few non-critical services and have a single physical server in place. What's the best approach to fully utilize this server?

Virtualized servers allow services to be run on a single machine in different virtual instances.

What are the benefits of virtualizing servers?

Virtualizing servers offer lots of benefits, like enabling hardware to be better utilized, easier to maintain, and generally lower in cost.

A website is inaccesible via its URL. You've pinged the site and see no problem there. What is the next troubleshooting step?

We can rule out if DNS is an issue by verifying that the hostname points to a nameserver. If we copy the IP address of the results and paste it into the web browser, it should resolve the website name if the DNS is working.

If you're running a server, which one of the follow operating systems would be best suited for your server?

When running a server, it's best to use a server operating system that's been specifically optimized for server performance.

When you make a DNS query, where does your computer first check to find an IP address to name mapping?

When you do a DNS query, your computer first checks locally, in a file like /etc/hosts, to find local DNS mappings.

What are some reasons DNS is necessary?

Without DNS, we'd have to type in full IP addresses to access the websites we want to use. DNS is what maps human understandable names to IP addresses. If you don't set it up correctly, no one will be able to access websites by their names.

If you don't want to use static IP addresses, but want to dynamically assign IP addresses to computers instead, what network protocol can you use?

You can use DHCP to dynamically assign IP addresses to computers.

If you want to point a domain name to a web server or use hostnames within your company, what network protocol can you use?

You can use DNS to point a domain name to a web server or use hostnames within your company.

dnsmasq

a program that provides DNS, DHCP, TFTP and PXE services in a simple package.

Reload

eloading means that the service re-reads the configuration file without having to stop and start. That way, ongoing connections aren't interrupted, but new connections will use a new configuration.

Using virtualization comes with many advantages, one of them being performance. Which of these is NOT another realistic advantage of using virtualization over dedicated hardware?

fewer points of failure???

lftp

is an ftp client program that allows us to connect to an ftp server.

DNS (Domain Name System)

is what maps human understandable names to IP addresses.

What are some reasons DNS is necessary?

it makes Internet website IP address accesible with human readable domain names it maps local addresses to simple names without editing hosts files it simplifies remote access