ITF+ Chapter 7

What are examples of non structured data?

Videos, Pictures, Emails, Web Pages, Emails

Mary, an administrator, creates a field and designates it to hold integer data. Joe, a user, tries to enter his name into the field, but it doesn't let him save the data. What is this an example of? a) schema rules b) primary key c) foreign key d) constraints

Constraints

Scenario: Management instructs you to remove an object from the relational database management system. What command would you use to accomplish this task? a) Delete b) remove c) drop d) alter

DROP

A user, Ann, is granted permissions to access a database. What is the an example of? a) Data Definition b) Direct/Manual Access c) Data Collection d) Data Manipulation

Data Definition

What are the different ways to modify a database?

Data Manipulation Language (DML) and Data Definition Language (DDL)

What is a Foreign Key?

It is a key or field in a table that is used to link two tables together

Choose the terms that describe directly looking at the tables in a database: (Choose two) a) Manual Access b) Direct Access c) Programmatic Access d) Open Access

Manual Access and Direct Access

The component that holds information for a single entry in a table is called a _______ a) Column b) Data Type c) Row d) View

Row

What is semi structured data?

this is non-structured data that is tagged with metadata

What commands does DDL use?

(CADP) Create: make a new table/database, Alter: edit columns/fields/attributes, Drop: remove table/database, Permissions: what user are capable of seeing or editing

What commands does DML use?

(SIDU) Select: view certain data, Insert: used to add data, Delete: remove data, Update: edit data

What is the file type that is used to move data from one database to another database? a) .docx b) .ppt c) .csv d) .xls

.csv

Which type of constraint is used to enforce referential integrity? a) Foreign Key constraint b) Check constraint c) Primary key constraint d) Unique constraint

Foreign Key constraint

What types of data are used in Non-Relational Databases?

Non structured data and Semi-Structured data

How is data found in databases?

Queries

On which database structure does an insert statement operate? a) Role b) Store Procedure c) Table d) User

Table

When should we use a database?

When there are multiple concurrent users, for scalability reasons, for faster speeds, various types of data, and it is more secure.

An employee at your office just got married and changed their last name. Which command do you use to change their last name in the employee database? a) Modify b) Edit c) Update d) Alter

update

What is DML used for?

DML is used to edit rows/tuple/records.

How is data entered in databases?

Forms

Reports

Generated to answer specific questions

What are some examples of Non-Relational Databases?

NoSQL, MongoDB, Amazon Dynamo DB, Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB, Memcached

What is RDBMS?

Relational Database Management Systems; this is software used to manage a database

What is metadata?

Specific information about unstructured data like the time it was created, location, publisher, etc.

You have an address book for small business with contact information for about 100 clients. The address book is used by two people. What should the business use to store data? a) Relational Database b) Non-relational Database c) Spreadsheet d) Word Processing software

Spreadsheet

What types of data can Relational Databases hold?

Text and numerical data

What command is used to erase a table from a database?

The DROP COMMAND

You would include a HAVING clause in a query to: a) sort the results in a descending order b) group the results to provide totals c) filter the results after grouping d) combine two result sets into a single result

sort the results in descending order

What is the difference between a database backup and a database dump?

A database backup consists of 1 database where as a database dump consists of 2 separate databases

What is structured set of data held in a computer, usually in a way that is accessible by multiple concurrent users? a) Spreadsheet b) Document c) Flat File d) Database

Database

What are the various ways a database can be stored?

Databases can be stored locally, on a server, or the cloud

Which of the following is used to give a default value to a column if the value for that column is unknown? a) Transaction b) DEFAULT Constraint c) Nested Transaction d) Concurrency

Default Constraint

Peter is accessing a database using a JDBC connection. What term would describe the type of access he is using? a) user interface/utility access b) Query/report builder c) Direct/Manual Access d) Programmatic Access

Direct/Manual Access

What are the most common types of non-relatonal databases (choose two) a) Document b) Image c) Key/Value d) Email

Document, Key/Value

What is an example of a flat file?

Excel spreadsheet

What are Macros and Modules in relation to databases?

Increases data functionality; ex: run reports at regular intervals

What is a Database Dump?

It is a 1 time logical backup of a database. This means there is another replica on entire other database in case the original fails

What is a Non-Relational Database

It is a database that does not use the tabular schema of rows and columns

What is a Primary Key?

It is a unique identifier that helps you define a record; an example would be a school id number. There can only one primary key per record (row)

What is a Relational Database?

It is structured to recognize relationships among stored items of information, known as datasets.

What is DDL used for?

It is used to edit columns/fields/attributes OR the table/database

What is a Table

Looks like a spreadsheet and contains data

What types of ways would you access a DB on a LAN?

Manual Access: going directly into tables to view or change data, suitable method for working with a database that is stored locally OR Direct Access: accessing via a direct connection across a network suitable for LANs.

Scenario: You are assigned the task of composing the components of a database, but you have to ensure that all the components are decomposed to only some extent. What approach would you use to accomplish the task? a) Inside-out approach b) top-down approach c) bottom-up approach d) mixed approach

Mixed Approach

Consider the case of a distance education university. The university has many regional centers across the country. Each regional center has a head known as regional manager. Each regional center has allotted more than one study center in its region. Each regional center has a region code, which is unique and specifies a region. Each study center also has a study center code, which is also unique. What is the relationship between regional&enter and study center? a) many-to-many b) one-to-one c) one-to-many d) there is no relationship

One-to-Many

What type of database uses Structured Query Language a) Programmatic Access b) Structured Access c) Direct Access d) Utility Access

Programmatic access

What type of way would a developer access a DB?

Programming Access: accessing a database through a programming language like SQL.

What is a Schema

Rules and structure of a database; can also be considered the blueprint of a database

What type of language is used to retrieve data from a DB? a) Machine b) Assembly c) SQL d) Python

SQL

What are examples of Relational Databases

SQL, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, MySQL

What is the purpose of including a COLLATE clause in a column definition? a) to create a relationship with a column in a different table b) to ensure functional dependency c) To specify sorting rules that are different than those used for the other columns in the table d) to create a computed column that can be included in an index

To specify sorting rules that are different than those used for the other columns in the table

What types of way would an average user access a DB?

User Interface and Utility Access: using a graphical interface (GUI) such as a form or web page (MySQL Workbench) OR Query/Report Builders: creating reports and visual aids such as pie charts.

In which situation do you need to perform a restore on a database? a) When you need to roll back a transaction b) When data needs to be deleted from the database c) When data becomes corrupted in the database d) When you encounter an error in your application

When data becomes corrupted in the database

Laura, your manager, instructs you to remove a table from a database permanently. Which command should you use? a) Delete b) remove c) drop d) alter

drop

Henry wants to understand which of his customers has purchased part number BB8. Which command should he use? a) query b) find c) select d) search

select

A database contains two tables named Customer and Order. You execute the following statement: DELETE FROM Order WHERE CustomerID = 209 What is the result? a) the first order for CustomerID 209 is deleted from the table b) CustomerID 209 is deleted from the customer table c) All orders for CustomerID 209 are deleted from the order table, and customerID 209 is deleted from the customer table d) All orders for CustomerID209 is deleted from the order table

All orders for CustomerID = 209 are deleted from the Order table, and CustomerID = 209 is deleted from the Customer table

What type of design is used to create the user interface and the application programs that use and process the database? a) Database Planning b) Database Design c) Application Design d) Object Modeling

Application Design

What is a Attribute

Can also be called column or field in a database

What is a Record

Can also be called row or tuple in a database

What is a Field

Columns; contain a single data type for all records (phone number, name, etc.); fields are normally limited to a certain data type

What is a flat file?

They are two dimensional that only contain rows and columns

What can Relational Database Management Systems do?

They can add, remove, update records, retrieve data, and cross-reference data in different tables

Database Backup

This is normally done through a program and creates a physical backup, this can be scheduled and repeated, it can be used to restore a database without creating a new one?

What would be one reason to routinely back up your database? a) To be able to build temporary tables to store transient data b) To be able to control access to specific database objects c) To be able to control database access by unauthorized users d)To be able to restore the database to a functioning state after a hardware or server failure

To be able to restore the database to a functioning state after a hardware or server failure

What is a database?

a structured set of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways