Ivy Tech PHYS 101 Summer Midterm Study Guide

Which of the following quantities has units of a displacement? (There could be more than one correct choice.) 32 ft/s2 vertically downward 40 km southwest 9.8 m/s2 -120 m/s 186,000 mi

-120 m/s

During a hockey game, a puck is given an initial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on the horizontal ice before it stops due to friction. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice? 0.090 0.10 0.11 0.12

.10

An object is thrown upwards with a speed of 16 m/s. How long does it take it to reach a height of 7.0 m on the way up? Neglect air resistance. 0.52 s 1.2 s 2.4 s 3.1 s 4.2 s

.52 s

A runner runs around a track consisting of two parallel lines 96 m long connected at the ends by two semicircles with a radius of 49 m. She completes one lap in 100 seconds. What is her average velocity? 2.5 m/s 5.0 m/s 10 m/s 0 m/s 1.3 m/s

0 m/s

An object slides on a level floor. It slows and comes to a stop with a constant acceleration of magnitude 2.4 m/s2. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor? 0.24 0.48 0.12 It is impossible to determine without knowing the mass of the object.

0.24

The exhaust fan on a typical kitchen stove pulls 600 CFM (cubic feet per minute) through the filter. Given that 1.00 in. = 2.54 cm, how many cubic meters per second does this fan pull? 0.283 m^3/sec 0.328 m^3/sec 3.05 m^3/sec 32.8 m^3/sec

0.283 m^3/sec

A 40-kg box is being pushed along a horizontal smooth surface. The pushing force is 15 N directed at an angle of 15° below the horizontal. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the crate? 0.16 m/s^2 0.36 m/s^2 0.47 m/s^2 0.39 m/s^2 0.68 m/s^2

0.36 m/s^2

A 50.0-kg block is being pulled up a 16.0° slope by a force of 250 N that is parallel to the slope. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the slope is 0.200. What is the acceleration of the block? 0.528 m/s^2 0.158 m/s^2 0.412 m/s^2 0.983 m/s^2 0.260 m/s^2

0.412 m/s^2

Calculate the average force a bumper would have to exert to bring a 1200-kg car to rest in 15 cm when the car had an initial speed of 2.0 m/s (about 4.5 mph). 1.8 × 10^4 N 1.6 × 10^4 N 5.4 × 10^4 N 6.5 × 10^5 N 3.2 × 10^4 N

1.6 x 10^4 N

A car is traveling with a constant speed when the driver suddenly applies the brakes, causing the car to slow down with a constant acceleration of magnitude 3.50 m/s2. If the car comes to a stop in a distance of 30.0 m, what was the car's original speed? 10.2 m/s 14.5 m/s 105 m/s 210 m/s 315 m/s

14.5 m/s

A 55-kg box rests on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of static friction between the box and the surface is 0.30. A horizontal 140-N force is applied to the box. What is the friction force on the box? 140 N 160 N 16.5 N 0.00 N 42 N

140 N

An object that weighs 75 N is pulled on a horizontal surface by a horizontal pull of 50 N to the right. The friction force on this object is 30 N to the left. What is the acceleration of the object? 0.27 m/s2 1.1 m/s2 2.6 m/s2 11 m/s2

2.6 m/s^2

If the earth were twice as far from the sun as it presently is, how long (in terms of the present year) would it take it to make one orbit around the sun? 2.0 years 2.8 years 4.0 years 5.7 years 16 years

2.8 years

A baseball player is running to second base at 5.03 m/s. When he is 4.80 m from the plate he goes into a slide. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the player and the ground is 0.180, and the coefficient of static friction is 3.14. What is his speed when he reaches the plate? 4.47 m/s 2.89 m/s 1.96 m/s 2.56 m/s He stops before reaching the plate.

2.89 m/s

A bulldozer attempts to drag a log weighing 500 N along the rough horizontal ground. The cable attached to the log makes an angle of 30° above the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.50, and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.35. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to slide?

220N

From what height above the surface of the earth should an object be dropped to initially experience an acceleration of 0.54g? (G = 6.67 × 10^-11 N m^2/kg^2, Mearth = 5.97 × 10^24 kg, Rearth = 6.38 × 10^6 m) 2300 km 1700 km 5400 km 2900 km

2300

Convert a speed of 4.50 km/h to units of ft/min. (1.00 m = 3.28 ft) 0.246 ft/min 82.3 ft/min 165 ft/min 246 ft/min 886 ft/min

246 ft/min

A highway curve of radius 80 m is banked at 45°. Suppose that an ice storm hits, and the curve is effectively frictionless. What is the speed with which to take the curve without tending to slide either up or down the surface of the road? 9.4 m/s 28 m/s 780 m/s The curve cannot be taken safely at any speed.

28 m/s

Estimate the number of times the earth will rotate on its axis during a human's lifetime. 3 × 10^4 3 × 10^5 3 × 10^6 3 × 10^7 3 x 10^8

3 x 10^4

Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a lifetime? 3 × 10^11 3 × 10^10 3 × 10^9 3 × 10^8 3 × 10^7

3 × 10^9

A car is moving with a constant acceleration. At time t = 5.0 s its velocity is 8.0 m/s in the forward direction, and at time t = 8.0 s its velocity is 12.0 m/s forward. What is the distance traveled in that interval of time? 10 m 20 m 30 m 40 m 50 m

30m

Two small objects, with masses m and M, are originally a distance r apart, and the gravitational force on each one has magnitude F. The second object has its mass changed to 2M, and the distance is changed to r/4. What is the magnitude of the new gravitational force? F/32 F/16 16F 32F 2F

32 F

What is 34 + (3) × (1.2465) written with the correct number of significant figures? 37.7 37.74 4 × 10^1 38 37.7395

38

Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a year? 4 × 10^5 4 × 10^6 4 × 10^7 4 × 10^8 4 × 10^9

4 x 10^7

A laser is thrown upward with a speed of 12 m/s on the surface of planet X where the acceleration due to gravity is 1.5 m/s2 and there is no atmosphere. What is the maximum height reached by the laser? 8.0 m 18 m 48 m 144 m

48 m

Asteroid Ida was photographed by the Galileo spacecraft in 1993, and the photograph revealed that the asteroid has a small moon, which has been named Dactyl. From the dimensions of Ida and its general features, one can estimate the mass of Ida to be 4.5 × 1016 kg, and the distance between Dactyl and Ida is approximately 90 km. Assuming a circular orbit, what would be the orbital speed of Dactyl? (G = 6.67 × 10-11 N m2/kg2) 5.8 m/s 11 m/s 2.3 m/s 2.9 m/s 30 m/s

5.8 m/s

A person is using a rope to lower a 5.0-N bucket into a well with a constant speed of 2.0 m/s. What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the rope on the bucket? 0.00 N 2.0 N 5.0 N 10 N 49 N

5N

A 10.0-kg picture is held in place by two wires, the first one hanging at 50.0° to the left of the vertical and the second one at 45.0° to the right of the vertical. What is the tension in the first wire? 69.6 N 50.8 N 98.1 N 69.4 N 23.8 N

69.6 N

What is the mass of an object that experiences a gravitational force of 685 N near Earth's surface where g = 9.80 m/s2? 69.9 kg 68.5 kg 71.3 kg 72.7 kg

69.9 kg

A car of mass 1100 kg that is traveling at 27 m/s starts to slow down and comes to a complete stop in 578 m. What is the magnitude of the average braking force acting on the car? 690 N 550 N 410 N 340 N

690 N

If I weigh 741 N on Earth at a place where g = 9.80 m/s2 and 5320 N on the surface of another planet, what is the acceleration due to gravity on that planet? 70.4 m/s^2 51.4 m/s^2 61.2 m/s^2 81.0 m/s^2

70.4 m/s^2

The mass of a typical adult woman is closest to 20 kg. 35 kg. 75 kg. 150 kg.

75 kg

A 200-g hockey puck is launched at an initial speed of 16 m/s up a metal ramp that is inclined at a 30° angle. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the hockey puck and the metal ramp are µs = 0.40 and µk = 0.30, respectively. What vertical height does the puck reach above its starting point? 8.6 cm 17 cm 13 cm 4.2 cm

8.6 cm

In a carnival ride, passengers stand with their backs against the wall of a cylinder. The cylinder is set into rotation and the floor is lowered away from the passengers, but they remain stuck against the wall of the cylinder. For a cylinder with a 2.0-m radius, what is the minimum speed that the passengers can have so they do not fall if the coefficient of static friction between the passengers and the wall is 0.25? 8.9 m/s 2.3 m/s 3.0 m/s 4.9 m/s It depends on the mass of the passengers.

8.9 m/s

An airplane starts from rest and accelerates at a constant 10.8 m/s2. What is its speed at the end of a 400 m-long runway? 37.0 m/s 93.0 m/s 65.7 m/s 4320 m/s 186 m/s

93 m/s

An airplane starts from rest and accelerates at a constant 10.8 m/s2. What is its speed at the end of a 400 m-long runway? 37.0 m/s 93.0 m/s 65.7 m/s 4320 m/s 186 m/s

93.0 m/s

Mary and Debra stand on a snow-covered roof. They both throw snowballs with the same initial speed, but in different directions. Mary throws her snowball downward, at 30° below the horizontal; Debra throws her snowball upward, at 30° above the horizontal. Which of the following statements are true about just as the snowballs reach the ground below? (There could be more than one correct choice.) Debra's snowball will have a higher speed than Mary's snowball. Mary's snowball will have a higher speed than Debra's snowball. Both snowballs will hit the ground with the same speed. Both snowballs hit the ground at the same time. Mary's snowball reaches the ground before Debra's snowball.

Both snowballs will hit the ground with the same speed. Mary's snowball reaches the ground before Debra's snowball.

Mary and Debra stand on a snow-covered roof. They both throw snowballs with the same initial speed, but in different directions. Mary throws her snowball downward, at 30° below the horizontal; Debra throws her snowball upward, at 30° above the horizontal. Which of the following statements are true about just before the snowballs reach the ground below? (There could be more than one correct choice.) Debra's snowball will stay in the air longer than Mary's snowball. Mary's snowball will stay in the air longer than Debra's snowball. Both snowballs will take the same amount of time to hit the ground. Debra's snowball has exactly the same acceleration as Mary's snowball. Mary's snowball has a greater downward acceleration than Debra's snowball.

Debra's snowball will stay in the air longer than Mary's snowball. Debra's snowball has exactly the same acceleration as Mary's snowball.

You are trying slide a block of ice along the ground. Would it be easier to push it from behind, or pull it from in front using a rope attached to the ice and why?0.140m2 Easier to push because you can use your legs Easier to pull because the rope gives you a mechanical advantage Easier to push because you can reduce the friction by pushing Easier to pull because you can reduce the friction force by pulling Pushing and pulling are the same

Easier to pull because you can reduce the friction force by pulling

If a vector pointing upward has a positive magnitude, a vector pointing downward has a negative magnitude. True False

False

In order to get an object moving, you must push harder on it than it pushes back on you. True False

False

Scientists use the metric system chiefly because it is more accurate than the English system. True False

False

The magnitude of the resultant of two vectors cannot be less than the magnitude of either of those two vectors. True False

False

When adding two numbers, the number of significant figures in the sum is equal to the number of significant figures in the least accurate of the numbers being added. True False

False

If a tree is 15 m tall, its height expressed in feet is x ft, where x is less than 15. greater than 15.

Greater then 15.

A ball is thrown straight up, reaches a maximum height, then falls to its initial height. Which of the following statements about the direction of the velocity and acceleration of the ball as it is going up is correct? Both its velocity and its acceleration point upward. Its velocity points upward and its acceleration points downward. Its velocity points downward and its acceleration points upward. Both its velocity and its acceleration points downward.

Its velocity points upward and its acceleration points downward.

An object is moving with constant non-zero velocity. Which of the following statements about it must be true? A constant force is being applied to it in the direction of motion. A constant force is being applied to it in the direction opposite of motion. A constant force is being applied to it perpendicular to the direction of motion. The net force on the object is zero. Its acceleration is in the same direction as it velocity.

The net force on an object is zero.

Satellite A has twice the mass of satellite B, and moves at the same orbital distance from Earth as satellite B. Compare the speeds of the two satellites. The speed of B is twice the speed of A. The speed of B is one-half the speed of A. The speed of B is one-fourth the speed of A. The speed of B is equal to the speed of A. The speed of B is four times the speed of A.

The speed of B is equal to the speed of A.

Two objects have masses m and 5m, respectively. They both are placed side by side on a frictionless inclined ramp and allowed to slide down from rest without any air resistance. Which one of the following statements about these objects is correct? It takes the lighter object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the ramp than the heavier. It takes the lighter object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the ramp than the heavier. It takes the heavier object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the ramp than the lighter. It takes the heavier object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the ramp than the lighter. The two objects reach the bottom of the ramp at exactly the same time.

The two objects reach the bottom of the ramp at exactly the same time.

You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, when you suddenly slide forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force caused you to slide forward? gravity the normal force due to your contact with the floor of the bus the force due to friction between you and the floor of the bus There is not a force causing you to slide forward.

There is not a force causing you to slide forward.

The magnitude of a vector an only zero if all of its components are zero. True False

True

A 2.8-kg tool can move on a perfectly smooth ramp that slants at 42° above the horizontal. What are the magnitude and direction of the acceleration of this tool if it is sliding (a) up the ram, (b) down the ramp?

Your Answer: a) +6.6 m/s^2 b) -6.6 m/s^2

A 10-kg rock and a 20-kg rock are dropped at the same time and experience no significant air resistance. If the 10-kg rock falls with acceleration a, what is the acceleration of the 20-kg rock? 4a 2a a a/2 a/4

a

An object is moving with constant non-zero velocity in the +x direction. The position versus time graph of this object is a horizontal straight line. a vertical straight line. a straight line making an angle with the time axis. a parabolic curve.

a horizontal straight line.

The slope of a velocity versus time graph gives the distance traveled. velocity. acceleration. displacement.

acceleration

A 75-N box rests on a perfectly smooth horizontal surface. The minimum force need to start the box moving is 75 N. 7.5 N. 750 N. any horizontal force greater than zero.

any horizontal force greater than zero.

An auto manufacturer advertises that their car can go "from zero to sixty in eight seconds." This is a description of what characteristic of the car's motion? average speed instantaneous speed average acceleration instantaneous acceleration displacement

average acceleration

A bucket is being lowered by a very light rope with a constant downward velocity. The tension in the rope must be equal to the weight of the bucket. greater than the weight of the bucket. less than the weight of the bucket.

equal to the weight of the bucket

A block of mass m sits at rest on a rough inclined ramp that makes an angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal. What must be true about force of static friction f on the block? f > mg f > mg cos 30 f > mg sin 30 f = mg cos 30 f = mg sin 30

f=mg sin 30

If three vectors add to zero, they must all have equal magnitudes. True False

false

You pull on a crate with a rope. If the crate moves, the rope's pull on the crate must have been larger than the crate's pull on the rope, but if the crate does not move, both of these pulls must have been equal. True False

false

If an operatic aria lasts for 5.75 min, its length expressed in seconds is x s, where x is less than 5.75. greater than 5.75.

greater than 5.75.

If a flower is 6.5 cm wide, its width expressed in millimeters is x mm, where x is less than 6.5. greater than 6.5.

greater than 6.5.

You are trying to cross a river that flows toward the south with a strong current. You start out in your motorboat on the east bank desiring to reach the west bank directly west from your starting point. You should head your motorboat directly toward the west. directly toward the north. in a general southwesterly direction. in a general northwesterly direction.

in a general northwesterly direction.

An object moving in the +x direction experiences an acceleration of +2.0 m/s2. This means the object travels 2.0 m in every second. is traveling at 2.0 m/s. is decreasing its velocity by 2.0 m/s every second. is increasing its velocity by 2.0 m/s every second

is increasing its velocity by 2.0 m/s every second

A small car and a large SUV are at a stoplight. The car has a mass equal to half that of the SUV, and the SUV can produce a maximum accelerating force equal to twice that of the car. When the light turns green, both drivers push their accelerators to the floor at the same time. Which vehicle pulls ahead of the other vehicle after a few seconds? The car pulls ahead. The SUV pulls ahead. It is a tie.

its a tie.

Suppose that a car traveling to the east (+x direction) begins to slow down as it approaches a traffic light. Which statement concerning its acceleration must be correct? Its acceleration is in the +x direction. Its acceleration is in the -x direction. Its acceleration is zero. Its acceleration is decreasing in magnitude as the car slows down.

its acceleration in the -x direction

You are making a circular turn in your car on a horizontal road when you hit a big patch of ice, causing the force of friction between the tires and the road to become zero. While the car is on the ice, it moves along a straight-line path away from the center of the circle. moves along a straight-line path toward the center of the circle. moves along a straight-line path in its original direction. continues to follow a circular path, but with a radius larger than the original radius. moves along a path that is neither straight nor circular.

moves along a straight-line path in its original direction.

A car goes around a circular curve on a horizontal road at constant speed. What is the direction of the friction force on the car due to the road? tangent to the curve in the forward direction tangent to the curve opposite to the direction of the car's motion perpendicular to the curve outward perpendicular to the curve inward There is no friction on the car because its speed is constant.

perpendicular to the curve inward

For general projectile motion with no air resistance, the vertical component of a projectile's acceleration is always zero. remains a non-zero constant. continuously increases. continuously decreases. first decreases and then increases

remains a non-zero constant

For general projectile motion with no air resistance, the vertical component of a projectile's acceleration is always zero. remains a non-zero constant. continuously increases. continuously decreases. first decreases and then increases.

remains a non-zero constant

Suppose that a car traveling to the west begins to slow down as it approaches a traffic light. Which of the following statements about its acceleration is correct? The acceleration is toward the east. Since the car is slowing down, its acceleration must be negative. The acceleration is zero. The acceleration is toward the west.

the acceleration is toward the east

The current definition of the standard meter of length is based on the distance between the earth's equator and north pole. the distance between the earth and the sun. the distance traveled by light in a vacuum. the length of a particular object kept in France.

the distance traveled by light in a vacuum.

The current definition of the standard second of time is based on the frequency of radiation emitted by cesium atoms. the earth's rotation rate. the duration of one year. the oscillation of a particular pendulum kept in France.

the frequency of radiation emitted by cesium atoms.

The current definition of the standard kilogram of mass is based on the mass of the earth. the mass of the sun. the mass a particular object kept in France. the mass of a cesium-133 atom.

the mass a particular object kept in France.

A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a tower at the same instant that a stone is dropped vertically. Which object is traveling faster when it hits the level ground below if neither of them experiences any air resistance? It is impossible to tell because we do not know their masses. the stone the ball Both are traveling at the same speed.

the stone

Two objects are thrown from the top of a tall building. One is thrown up, and the other is thrown down, both with the same initial speed. What are their speeds when they hit the street? Neglect air resistance. The one thrown up is traveling faster. The one thrown down is traveling faster. They are traveling at the same speed. It is impossible to tell because the height of the building is not given.

they are traveling at the same speed

The velocity of a sky diver who has jumped from a plane... will continue to increase at a rate of 9.8 m/s^2 until the sky diver hits the ground. will eventually reach a maximum value that depends of the sky diver's mass and their parachute design will eventually reach a maximum value that is the same for all sky divers. will be 32 ft/s

will eventually reach a maximum value that depends of the sky diver's mass and their parachute design