Jail Policy Midterm

research indicates that the general views jails as ______ A. more punitive than prisons B. less punitive than prisons C. more effective than prisons D. Less effective than prisons

A. More punitive than prisons

Jails continue to hold ______ of their capacity. A. about 82% B. about 78% C. about 54% D. over 100%

A. about 82%

The number of minorities in jail populations may be decreasing due to ______. A. decriminalization/legalization of marijuana in some states B. the widespread adoption of truth-in-sentencing laws C. large drop in unemployment rates during the last decade D. great awareness of bias in police practice

A. decriminalization/legalization of marijuana in some states

Which justification for punishment focuses on both actual and potential offenders? A. deterrence B. retribution C. incapacitation D. rehabilitation

A. deterrence

_____ is known as what is right and wrong. A. ethics B morality C. utilitarianism D. humility

A. ethics

Jails in the eighteenth century were run on a(n) ______ model, with the jailer and his family residing on the premises. The inmates were free to dress as they liked, to walk around freely, and to provide their own food and other necessities. A. household B. institution C. religious D. education

A. household

according to the ethics of care framework, good behavior ____ A. meets the needs of those concerned. B. conforms to the middle ground between competing positions. C. is based on the needs of the individual actor. D. is concerned with universally understood ideas of right and wrong.

A. meets the needs of those concerned.

An indeterminate sentence serves ______ function. A. Rehabilitation B. incapacitation C. retribution D. deterrence

A. rehabilitation

which of the following is key to preventing ethical abuses? A. preserving a culture of secrecy. B. professionalization of staff C. nonroutine policies and procedures D. minimizing legal rights of those in custody.

B Professionalization of staff

A candidate for public offense recently stated, "criminals deserve to suffer because of the harm they cause our society". This statement corresponds with _____ A. deterrence B. retribution C. incapacitation D rehabilitation

B retribution

The notion that good people sometimes go astray is associated with ______. A. deterrence B. retribution C. incapacitation D. rehabilitation

B retribution

According to the U.S. Bureau of justice statistics, a black male born in 2001 has a _____chance of going to jail. A. 1 in 2 B. 1 in 3 C. 1 in 4 D. 1 in 10

B. 1 in 3

Jails were originally developed to ______. a. punish wrongdoers b. hold the accused for trial c. prevent rebellion d. house the mentally ill

B. hold the accused for trial

A determinant sentence serves ______ function. A. rehabilitation B. incapacitation C. retribution D. deterrence

B. incapacitation

Which perspective on punishment assumes that individuals can be transformed through effective programming? A. retribution B. reintegration C. deterrence D. incapacitation

B. reintegration

Nationwide, approximately 33% of former prisoners reoffend within what time period? A. 1 year B. 3 years C. 6 months D. 2 weeks

C. 6 months

The oldest standing jail in the United States is in ______. A. Jamestown, VA B. Philly C. Barnstable, Massachusetts D. Trenton, NJ

C. Barnstable, Massachusetts

The vast majority of jails are operated by ______. A. private companies B. the fed government C. county sheriffs D. state govs

C. county sheriffs

The idea that offenders are not to be trusted and should be constrained is associated with ______. A. deterrence B. retribution C. incapacitation D. rehabilitation

C. incapacitation

What was the first type of correctional facility to develop? A. day-reporting centers B. prisons C. Jails D. bridewells

C. jails

Since 1980, rate of people incarcerated in America's jails_____ A. decreased by half. B. remained the same. C. quadrupled. D. increased tenfold.

C. quadrupled.

The____ model finds its roots in the medical model. A. incapacitation B. retribution C. rehabilitation D. deterrence

C. rehabilitation

Early workhouses built to hold and whip "beggars, prostitutes, and nightwalkers" were known as ______. A. gaols B. reformatories C. prisons D. bridewell

D Bridewell

What percentage of jail inmates have not been convicted of the crime they are being held for? A. 25% B. 42% C. 51% D. 60%

D. 60%

What percentage of jail inmates have mental health problems? A. 12% B. 26% C. 47% D. 64%

D. 64%

When the state assumes responsibility for punishing wrongdoers, rather than leaving this up to individuals, this is best characterized as ______. A. the classical approach B. The hedonistic approach C. Penology D. controlled vengeance

D. Controlled vengeance

the ability to make choices and act or not act on them. A. egoism B. morality C. anomie D. discretion

D. discretion

the study of right and wrong is called A. teleology B. deontology C. philosophy D. ethics

D. ethics

When bringing a lawsuit against jails and prisons, an offender is most likely to win cases when the claim involves ______. A. sexual abuse B. poor diet C. inadequate healthcare D. overcrowding

D. overcrowding

is the most recently identified objective of the practice of punishment. A. rehabilitation B. Retribution C. incapacitation D. reintegration

D. reintegration

what is a punitive penalty ordered by the court after a defendant has been convicted of a crime, by a jury, in a bench trial, by a judge. or in a plea bargain? A. conviction B. justice C. revenge D. sentence

D. sentence

Incapacitation works as a form of _____ while offenders are incarcerated. A. punitive deterrence B. general defense C. social deterrence D. social defense

D. social defense

The incapacitation perspective on punishment views offenders as A. generally good people who made bad decisions B. mentally ill patients C. rational beings who weighed the costs and benefits of their crime D. wicked people who need to be separated from innocent people.

D. wicked people who need to be separated from innocent people

Jails _______ A. will become obsolete in the next few decades. B. hold multifaceted and critical roles in communities C. have been very well maintained. D. are operated by the federal government in the US.

b. hold multifaceted and critical roles in communities