JAIL SCHOOL EXAM 1
What does CHRI stand for?
Criminal History Record Information
What are the important things to remember about the day of appearance in court or a disposition?
Definition A. Attire B. Hair C. Punctuality D. Review Report E. Prosecutor
While waiting to testify at court, who may you talk to about the case?
Do not talk to witnesses, only authorized personnel
What does using slang or jardon do in the court?
Do not use slang or jargon that is common place to law enforcement. It does not impress the jury and is often considered distracting.
What is the governing body that deals with these types of harassment?
EEOC
What is control?
Enforcement of the established rules, procedures and acceptable way of behaving
List the Constitutional Amendments covered during this block of instruction.
1,4,5,6,8,14
What is the penalty for improper handling of CHRI?
15 years and/or 15,000 fine
A Muslim inmate has requested a special diet and special meal times during the month of Ramadan. The jail has refused the request. Which constitutional amendment is impacted?
1st
The U.S Constitution grants certain rights and freedoms, but which U.S. Code grants the right to sue government officials for committing constitutional violations.
42-1983
What OCGA code section makes it the duty of the officer to make notification to a consulate?
42-4-14
Which amendment covers the right to privacy?
4th
Are employees of the jail allowed to give advice as to which bondsman or bonding company to do business with?
No
Are sexual comments, alone, the only form of sexual harassment?
No
Who is allowed to carry a firearm into the jail?
Noone
What is the best way to maintain control of inmates?
Professional demeanor and measured response
Does it constitute double jeopardy for an inmate to be disciplined by jail administration and prosecuted in court for the same offense?
Yes
What is the primary difference between administrative segregation and disciplinary segregation?
administrative- non punitive, disciplinary segregation-punitive
What elements should an effective security plan include?
admission of the inmate,counts, release procedures, control of drugs and medications, use and maintenance of security equipment, control of contraband, tool and key control, development of security policies, plans and procedures
What are the three stages or stress and describe each?
alarm, resistance or adaptation state, exhaustion
What is the definition of bail?
amount of collateral necessary to ensure that the principle will be present in court to appear before the judge and/or injury
What is contraband?
any item that is not provided by the jail, not purchased by the inmate from the commissary, or that is not allowed into the jail through proper authorization
What actions constitute sexual harassment?
any unwanted sexual behaviors
When should a health screening be completed on a new inmate?
as soon as possible or after admission
When should all keys and tools be accounted for?
at the end of shift change
What guidelines should an officer observe when walking down hallway with blind doorways or corners?
be aware be cautious follow established policy and procedures
Name some examples of non-job related stress.
bills, household duties
What type of search requires a special legal justification and is to be conducted only by medical personnel?
cavity
If the supervisor is the harasser, what steps should the employee take in reporting the harassment?
chain of command
When and how should a cell search or searches of other areas be conducted?
check everything
In order for a Constitutional violation to be actionable under 42-1983, the government official must have act under____________.
color of law
What is the questioning called that the defense attorney does to the prosecution's witnesses?
cross-examination
Harsh Penalties in the Penn Colony were practiced. Describe some of the offenses and penalties.
death penalty, flogging, burning
What types of inmates may be classified as special concern inmates?
disabled, elderly, substance abusers, cross-dressers, transgenders
Any officer that attempts to hinder an inmate from utilizing the grievance process, or engages in any form of retaliation against an inmate due to their use of the grievance process may be _________ disciplined by their agency and/or ______ by the inmate.
disciplined, sued
What problems does contraband create in the jail?
disruption ,empowerment if the inmate, danger, escape tools
In preparing for the trial, who should you meet with to go over your testimony?
district attorney
What additional procedural considerations are there when conducting a strip search rather than a frisk search?
don't touch any body parts, let them handle you stuff it is in their cavity, pay close attention, give commands, male to male female to female
What rules should be flowed to prevent the officer from becoming distracted during a count?
during the count, do not allow inmates to move around, interruptions such as TV playing should be turned off during counts. if there is movement or if you become confused during the count, stop and begin the count again, if a disruption occurs never attempt to restart the count where you left off by signing the count slip or reporting a count by radio, you are assuming responsibility for an inmate's presence. be absolutely positive of any count you report as complete and accurate
What is an effective strategy for dealing with inmates from different cultural backgrounds?
educate, respect, impartial, zero tolerance for breach of rules
What are the objectives of a jail security program?
ensure the safety of both inmates and staff maintain order within the jail facility prevent escapes
Why is it important for the jail officer to exhibit strong ethical behavior?
ensures success and not becoming an inmate yourself
In a jury trial, what is the role of the judge?
ensuring attorneys follow protocol during the trial · making sure the witnesses understand their responsibility in testifying · ensuring there are not any outburst by the witnesses while on the stand · maintaining the order of the audience, and · giving instructions to the jurors and answers any questions they may have while acting as a member of the jury.
When facing a lawsuit , if the officer was acting in accordance with his/her understanding of the law and agency policy, then the officer may use the "__________" defense
equal protection
To which branch of government does law enforcement, jail and a prison belong?
executive
The role of the Supreme court to examine the actions of local, state, and national governments and to rule on the constitutionality of any disputed actions by those political bodies is known as
executive legislative
List the negative coping methods.
fighting, denial
What documents are considered CHRI?
fingerprints, OTN,UCN
What equipment should be checked each day by each shift?
fire extinguishers, fire alarms, breathing apparatus, fire hoses, emergency exits, openings, telephones, burned out lights
What three types of searches are there?
frisk or pat-down search, the strip search, body cavity search
Today's officer must be aware of the dangers of placing certain __________ or ________ together
genders or cultures
List and describe the 10 major stressors that jail officers experience
general stress, role definition, need for structure, personal safety, professional isolation, job related pressures, work load, interaction with inmates, job status, escapes
What are some conditions that might warrant medical attention for an arrestee?
high blood pressure, serious injuries, detox
What are some common examples of reasons for administrative segregation.
high profile cases
What are the five stages of burnout?
honeymoon, fuel shortage, chronic symptoms, crisis stage, hitting the wall
Bartering is common in the jail. What is bartering and what are the factors to consider whether bartering should be tolerated?
how the contraband is being used, illegality of the contraband as with drugs,
Describe the characteristics of and purpose for emergency keys.
if an emergency arises then they will be used.
When do jail officers have the right to use a reasonable and necessary amount of force?
in self-defense and/or the defense of others, to prevent a crime, including escape, to maintain order and security, to quell a disturbance.
How are most inmate grievances initiated?
informal
Describe the procedure for conducting a frisk search
instruct the prisoner to remove all the items in his pockets and place them in his hat;if he is not wearing a hat, he must place these articles in an area away from where the search will be conducted
What are the barriers to effective listening?
interruptions, daydreaming, invading space, overreacting, pretending to listen, allowing disturbances
What is classification?
it is a systemic way to arrange inmates into groups or categories for housing assignment according to established criteria
List the general guidelines regarding facility lockdown.
notify the central control room to contact the appropriate personnel and any additional officers who can respond quickly make all personnel aware of the situation, what your needs are, and what is expected make sure all inmates are in their cells or dorms conduct a formal count identify the trouble and concentrate on resolving the issue as quickly as possible, while maintaining the safety and security of the inmates and responding staff
What physical techniques were identified for reducing or managing stress?
nutrition, sleep, exercise
While patrolling in the jail, what are some sign of impending trouble?
obvious tension in the air an increase in the number of requests for transfer to different housing or work assignments racial or ethnic slurs by inmates at eachother or racial or ethnic remarks directed at officers by inmates increasing infractions of the jail rules an unusual accumulation of commissary items in the cells missing tools attempts to cover security cameras
How should detention staff handle incoming privileged mail?
open and check for contraband
What is an OR bond and who has the authority to issue it?
own recognizance, judge
What are three ways to control contraband?
pat downs, random searches, page 4
What is the definition of burnout?
physical or emotional exhaustion from long term stress
What are the different phases in a trial sequence?
pleading stage, pretrial stage, trial stage, post trial
Communication of directives is essential for a number of reasons. What are they?
policies, procedures and rules
What are the two major tasks of supervision and control?
policy and procedure
What two methods do we use to cope with stress?
positive, negative
What is required in order to perform a body cavity or body cavity probe search?
probable cause, search warrant
How should you dress to appear in court?
professional
Which attorney is representing the state in a criminal case?
prosecutor
The establishment of a time frame as the condition of the inmates release from restraints , as opposed to the release being conditioned upon the inmates behavior, implies that the action is __________ and _________.
punitive and corrective
List two types of workplace harassment.
quid pro quo, hostile work environment
What are the differences in the two types of harassment?
quid pro quo-favorites, hostile work environment- you don't wanna come to work, avoid situations
What steps can supervisors take to protect themselves from liability issues?
report it, take care of the problem
When a person is incarcerated, what responsibility does the jail officer assume?
safety and security
The present-day officer must be constantly vigilant to the ______,______,_____ of the facility.
safety, security, order
List the positive coping methods
self evaluation, training, other ways to respond
When does the jail have the authority to refuse an arrestee?
serious injuries, he/she has not taken their medication, extreme intoxication
How trustworthy are informants?
they aren't. preventive patrol is the most effective method to maintain order and control in the cell block
Why do jail officers conduct searches?
to check for contraband
Describe the early American Jail and its purpose
torture,punishment
What are a jail officer's "patrol" responsibilities?
type of community patrolled
Define sexual harassment.
unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other verbal or physical conduct
What is aggressive behavior and name four examples?
verbal abuse, threats, harassment, physical contact
What mental techniques were identified for reducing or managing stress?
visual imagery, progressive relaxation, triggers of relaxation
What is the court going to look at to support a claim of sexual harassment?
was that person offended
When might a court ordered release be issued for an inmate?
when there is a court order
Under what circumstances are inmates required to receive full due process in relation to inmate discipline?
when they receive another charge
When should a frisk (pat down) search be conducted on a new arrestee?
while still clothed and entering jail
What is the major difference between a jail officer and a road deputy?
work in the jail and supervise inmates, road guys work on the road and do not supervise inmates
What steps are required to satisfy due process regarding inmate discipline?
written notice of the charges against the inmate, given at least 24 hours prior to the disciplinary hearing, a disciplinary hearing presided by a neutral official, allowing the inmate to call witnesses (within limits) and to present documentary evidence, assisting inmates who can no prepare their own defense, it the inmate is found guilty, a written statement from the fact finder noting the evidence relief on and the reasons for the disciplinary action.
Even if the grievance is not accepted, the inmate should receive a _______ _______
written response
What are the important things to remember regarding written and verbal messages, and the messages conveyed through body language?
written- type or print legibly avoid complex or big words use correct grammar and spelling verbal-speak at a reasonable speed voice inflection enunciate clearly
Does the individual officer affect jail climate?
yes
If an inmate has committed a minor infraction by willfully damaging his bed-sheet, and the inmate will be required to pay restitution for the cost of the sheet, does this case require full due process?
yes
How did the Magna Carta effect unlawful imprisonment?
you had to have a reason to go to jail
What is the Prison Rape Elimination Act?
zero tolerance policy
A sentenced inmate has lost good-time credit due to a violation of jail rules, but was not afforded by a disciplinary hearing. What constitutional amendment is impacted?
14th
Define: Demeanor, disposition, articulate, and oath.
A. Demeanor - Demeanor is defined as "the way a person behaves or conducts himself; deportment" B. Deposition - A deposition is witness testimony given under oath and recorded for use in court at a later date. C. Articulation - Articulation is defined as "capable of speaking in, or characterized by clear, expressive, language," American Heritage Dictionary, Second College Edition, 130. D. Oath: Any form of attestation by which a person signifies that he is bound in conscience to perform an act faithfully and truthfully. When taking the oath you will be asked to swear or affirm. Affirm is now used for people who have a problem with swearing.
There are three steps that you should take to prepare for an case going to trial. Describe them.
A. Review of Original Report If you do not have a copy of the report that was made, then access a copy of the original report. Re-read the report to refresh your memory of the incident. More than likely it has been several weeks or months since the incident took place, therefore, review the report carefully. B. Meet with Prosecutor Schedule a meeting with the prosecutor to discuss the facts of the case and your testimony during the trial. The prosecutor will answer your questions concerning the trial process and what is expected of you during the trial. He may review and discuss physical evidence that will be presented during the trial. If this is your first time testifying in a trial, ask the prosecutor to demonstrate the questioning process so you will know what to expect. C. Review of Physical Evidence During your meeting with the prosecutor, review any physical evidence that he/she plans to introduce at the trial so you are not caught off guard when it is presented. It may be necessary to revisit a crime scene prior to the trial to refresh your memory.
Describe the roles of court personnel.
A. The Judge The judge is the officer of the court. He/she is in control of the courtroom. The judge has different duties depending on the type of trial. If the case is going before a "bench trial", the judge is not only the officer of the court, but is also the jury. He: · listens to all the testimony · weighs all the evidence · decides if the elements of the crime have been met, and · determines the innocence or guilt of the defendant. · If the case is going before a "jury trial", the judge is the officer of court maintaining order during the trial by: · ensuring attorneys follow protocol during the trial · making sure the witnesses understand their responsibility in testifying · ensuring there are not any outburst by the witnesses while on the stand · maintaining the order of the audience, and · giving instructions to the jurors and answers any questions they may have while acting as a member of the jury. B. The Prosecutor The prosecutor is the attorney acting on behalf of the government in a criminal case. He/she has to prove the guilt of the defendant beyond a reasonable doubt. C. The Defense The defense is the attorney acting on behalf of the defendant. He/she defends against the accusations. D. The Jury The jury is a panel of citizens selected initially by a random selection process, then interviewed by both attorneys and narrowed down to a panel of 12 to 14 jurors. E. The Court Clerk The court clerk is an administrative person to the judge. The clerk has varying duties depending on the court in which he/she works. The clerk may be the person that swears in all the witnesses. F. The Court Reporter The court reporter is the person employed to document all statements made during the trial. A court reporter may also be employed during a deposition. G. The Bailiff(s) The bailiff is charged with the responsibility of assisting the judge in maintaining order in the courtroom. They may act as courtroom security, charged with the responsibility of securing the witnesses and the jurors and may have the duty of swearing in the witnesses.
What are the five basic principles for avoiding and resolving conflict?
Communication, understanding honesty sand fairness, consistency, knowledge, organization
List the different types of inmate counts and describe each type.
Formal- made at specific times throughout a twenty-four hour period when the entire inmate population is accounted for census-irregular checks made by officers to verify all inmates under their charge are present emergency counts- made after an emergency or unusual occurrence such as a fire, escape, or power failure
If a jail is safe for staff, inmates and visitors, what does that tell you about the jail
It is secure and policy and procedures are being enforced correctly
What are the three characteristics against which a belief system may be measured to determine if it is in fact a religion?
It must address fundamental and ultimate questions of deep and imponderable matters, it must be comprehensive in nature and consist of a belief system as opposed to an isolated teaching, and it must be recognizable by certain formal and external signs Africa v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
What is the one major indicator that jail staff is concerned with the welfare of inmates?
Meals are a visible indicator of whether or not jail personnel are concerned with the welfare of inmates.
List 7 rules of testimony
Tell the truth. In a trial, as in all other matters, honesty comes first. · Don't guess. If you don't know, say so. Remember it is ok to ask for a copy of your report to refresh your memory while you are on the stand. · Be sure you understand the question. You cannot give a truthful and accurate answer unless you understand the question. Ask to have it repeated if necessary. · Take your time and answer the questions. Answer what is asked of you; do not embellish or deviate to other subjects. · Give a loud and audible answer. Speak in a forthright manner, showing there is nothing to hide. If it is a yes or no question, direct your answer to who asked it. If the question requires more than a yes or no, direct your answer to the jury. · Don't look for assistance when you are on the stand. A deer in the headlights look can mean a lot of things to a jury. If you need advice or assistance, ask the judge. The judge is the "Trier of Law." · Beware of questions involving distance and time. If you must make an estimate, make sure it is understood that you are making an estimate. Distance can be communicated if you relate it to a visual image such as: "it was about a football fields' length from the scene." · Be courteous. Answer yes or no, and address the parties respectfully, i.e. Your Honor, Sir, Ma'am, and Counselor. · If asked if you have talked to the prosecutor, admit it freely if you have done so. This goes for anyone else such as your partner. · Avoid joking and wisecracks. This is serious business; keep it that way. · Do not argue with the defense attorney. This does not reflect well on you and by showing anger you have played into the defense attorney's hand. · Realizing an error. If you realize that you have made an error in your testimony, immediately ask the judge for permission to correct the error. · Testify objectively. Your job is to testify to the true facts of the case. Once you have testified, your job is done and you should show no emotion for or against the defendant.
When can detention staff refuse to deliver regular mail?
When it is deemed inappropriate, deemed a threat or contraband
What differentiates a jail from a prison?
jail is a pretrial confinement. prison carries out a sentence
Who is allowed to supervise inmate activities? When is an inmate allowed supervise other inmates?
jail officers, never
What information must a jail officer know to be an effective patrol officer?
know as much information as possible about the inmates themselves, what is normal and abnormal behavior for each inmate. know the jail facility know the jail officer know jail emergency evacuation procedures
When did the modern prison system as we know today emerge?
late 19th century
What happens if inmate rules are not clear?
lawsuits, punishments, misunderstandings, grievances
What is privileged communication?
legal visit, attorney, mail
What are the three branches of American government?
legislative,judicial,executive
What penalties may be imposed as a result of inmate disciplinary action?
loss of privileges, commissary, store
What does being released on time served mean?
means that the sentence that was imposed by the court has been served and the inmate is now free to be released from the jail
What are the four components of successful communication?
message, transmitter, receiver, understanding
Most agencies have divided their list of inmate disciplinary violations into several categories based on severity. Although the number of categories varies, what is the usual standard?
minor, major, serious
How should a jail officer respond when confronted with an armed inmate?
move slowly allow the inmate to talk talk in a calm voice to the inmate try to keep something between you and the inmate do not corner the inmate, give the inmate a means of escape if possible remain calm and allow an escape route for yourself
As a general rule, do inmates have a legitimate expectation of privacy in their cell?
no
What is the definition of a foreign national?
not a U.S citizen
How might a supervisor find him/herself liable in a harassment case?
not reporting it, not doing anything about it
What are the two basic factors used in the classification process?
sex, charges
What actions should employers take to ensure that harassment is not happening in the workplace?
sexual harassment classes, education
Although men and women now work together work in the same environments, mostly without incident, allegations of ________ and ________ still exist.
sexual harassment misconduct and intimidation
When conducting cell searches, how should officers treat an inmates legal papers?
should not read it, but go through it and check for contraband.
Why is it important to communicate rules of the jail to every inmate upon entering the jail?
so they know what do expect
What is the basis for the law governing consular notification?
some countries must be notified of their person
To what types of facilities could an inmate be transferred?
state or local facility
What are some examples of unethical behavior by jail officers when searching cells?
stealing from inmates planting contraband seizing found contraband and converting to personal use
What are the definitions of stress and stressors?
stress- the non specific response of the body to any demand made upon it stressors- event that causes changes to our overall health and wellness
What happens to a team when harassment is prevalent?
sued, termination, criminal charges
Jail climate directly effects inmate behavior. There are several areas that affect jail climate. What are four areas and explain how they affect the jail climate.
suitability, food service, laundry,cleanliness
Which court has the ultimate responsibility for settling disputes and interpreting the meaning of laws?
supreme court
What are things a jail officer can do to facilitate effective listening?
suspend judgement, pick out key words, identify intensity, reflect on what the mood is
An inmate who is accused of violating a jail rule claims that he cannot be punished due to his pretrial status. How should the jail officer proceed?
take away his privileges
If a coworker is the harasser, what is the first step in dealing with harassment?
tell them to stop
Who has the primary responsibility of supervision and control of inmates
the deputy
What health concerns should a health screen questionnaire cover?
the inmates medication, special diets, history of medical or psychiatric illness, allergies
What criteria determine if a strip search is allowable?
there must be probably cause to suspect that there is a need to search for some particular penal interest. Strip searches must be conducted discreetly and in private. only those individuals that are needed to conduct the search should be present an accurate record of the search must be made, regardless of the findings