Khan academy quiz 1

"The Embargo, giving time to the belligerent powers to revise their unjust proceedings and to listen to the dictates of justice, of interest and reputation, which equally urge the correction of their wrongs, has availed our country of the only honorable expedient for avoiding war: and should a repeal of these Edicts supersede the cause for it, our commercial brethren will become sensible that it has consulted their interests, however against their own will. It will be unfortunate for their country if, in the mean time, these, their expressions of impatience, should have the effect of prolonging the very suffering which have produced them, by exciting a fallacious hope that we may, under any pressure, relinquish our equal right of navigating the ocean, go to such ports only as others may prescribe, and there pay the tributary exactions they may impose. . ." Source: Thomas Jefferson, in a broadside signed to Eliot Brown, Jr., UH digital history, 1808 The excerpt best reflects which of the following? Choose 1 answer:

the US government's efforts to avoid conflicts with Britain and France during the Napoleonic Wars

"In the meantime, what has agriculture been doing in spite of all Mr. Clay's efforts to convert our young farmers into manufacturers? . . . Our agriculture is spreading in every direction, not only counties but by States, while population in our manufacturing regions is almost stationary. . . Although agriculture must thus outgrow this legislative home market, till our unexplored forests on north-western, western, and south-western borders, are converted into fields and pastures, we must go on taxing ourselves for generations to come, to increase the wealth of a small portion of our wealthy men and their posterity. Strip this American system of all its sophistries, and what is it, but a fraudulent partnership between a portion of our politicians and capitalists . . ." -Source: "Commercial Reciprocity and the American System," The United States Democratic Review, 1844 Based on the text, which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with? Choose 1 answer:

The American System benefitted industrial economies more than agricultural economies.

"So if a law be in opposition to the constitution; if both the law and the constitution apply to a particular case, so that the court must either decide that case conformably to the law, disregarding the constitution; or conformably to the constitution, disregarding the law; the court must determine which of these conflicting rules governs the case. This is of the very essence of judicial duty." "If, then, the courts are to regard the constitution, and the constitution is superior to any ordinary act of the legislature, the constitution, and not such ordinary act, must govern the case to which they both apply." Source: John Marshall, Opinion of the Court in Marbury v. Madison, 1803 Which of the following statements best summarizes Marshall's argument about the Supreme Court?

It should judge whether a law is constitutional.

"In terms of international power politics, the Monroe Doctrine represented the moment when the United States felt strong enough to assert a 'sphere of influence' that other powers must respect. In terms of national psychology, the Monroe Doctrine marked the moment when Americans no longer faced eastward across the Atlantic and turned to face westward across the continent. The changed orientation was reflected in domestic political alignments." -Source: Daniel Walker Howe, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, 2007 Which of the following historical events best illustrates the general argument in the excerpt about how Americans "turned to face westward across the continent"? Choose 1 answer:

Mexican American war

The image was created most directly in response to which of the following? Choose 1 answer:

The Embargo Act

"[T]his momentous question, like a firebell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it, at once as the [death] knell of the Union. It is hushed, indeed, for the moment. But this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence. A geographical line, coinciding with a marked principle, moral and political, once conceived, and held up to the angry passions of men, will never be obliterated; and every new irritation will mark it deeper and deeper." -Thomas Jefferson, in a letter to John Randolph, 1820 The excerpt is best understood as a response to which of the following historical events?

The Missouri Compromise

-Source: Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970 Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the data in the table?

The Northeast received more funds for internal improvements than the South.

-Source: Wikimedia Commons, 1912 The image most directly illustrates a United States foreign policy that emphasized which of the following? Choose 1 answer:

The dominance of the United States as the major power in the Western Hemisphere

"If the States may tax one instrument, employed by the government in the execution of its powers, they may tax any and every other instrument. They may tax the mail; they may tax the mint; they may tax patent rights; they may tax the papers of the custom-house; they may tax judicial process; they may tax all the means employed by the government, to an excess which would defeat all the ends of government. This was not intended by the American people. They did not design to make their government dependent on the States. . ." -Source: Chief Justice John Marshall, opinion of the Court in McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 The McCulloch case emerged most directly from the context of which of the following? Choose 1 answer:

debates about the division of powers between the federal and state governments