Kin 170 Exam #3

The theory that humans have a finite supply of energy that we use up over the life time A. Rate of Living Theory C. Is generally perceived to be false B. Is generally perceived to be true None of the answers are correct A and C

a & c

How many Calories are available from 1 gram (g) of carbohydrate? a. 4kcal b. 9 kcal

a. 4 kcal

How many Calories are available from 1 gram (g) of protein? a. 4kcal b. 9 kcal

a. 4kcal

For basic health, how many minutes per week of vigorous physical activity is recommended? a. 75 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 300 minutes d. 150 minutes

a. 75 minutes

At the beginning of exercise, we need more oxygen than our lungs have delivered. This is called ____. a. O2 Deficit b. Resting State O2 Consumption c. O2 Debt d. EPOC

a. O2 Deficit

In the body, excess amino acids from protein are stored in ______. a. The body cannot store excess protein. b. adipose tissue c. glycogen d. essential amino acid glycogen

a. The body cannot store excess protein.

Which process creates molecules and puts energy in? a. anabolism b. catabolism

a. anabolism

Which of the following factors affect cardiac output by changing heart rate (HR)? a. Autonomic innervation b. Preload c. Heart size d. Afterload

a. autonomic innervation

Breaking bonds of the molecule BLANK are correct provides energy for muscles to contract. a. both b. neither

a. both

Simply explained, the 1st Law of Thermodynamics states: a. energy cannot be created or destroyed b. some energy is lost when converting

a. energy cannot be created or destroyed

Respiratory rate is: a. how fast your breath is (linearly) b. how deep your breath is (plateaus)

a. how fast your breath is (linearly)

All of the following are true regarding Atherosclerosis except: a. is increased following exercise training b. it is the hardening or narrowing of an artery or vessel due to the build up of plaque c. All of the answers are correct d. can lead to a thrombus or embolus e. can cause a myocardial infarction

a. is increased following exercise training

What does the parasympathetic (rest/digest) nervous system do? a. lower heart rate b. increase heart rate

a. lower heart rate

The process of oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the _____ and _____ oxygen to make ATP. a. mitochondria; requires b. lungs; does not require c. mitochondria; does not require d. lungs; requires

a. mitochondria; requires

In a study using animal models, a high fat diet resulted in arterial plaque: a. only when the animal was sedentary b. regardless of exercise frequency

a. only when the animal was sedentary

During vigorous exercise, BLANK blood pressure increases and BLANK blood pressure stays the same or is reduced. a. systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure b. diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure

a. systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure

___ occurs in blood vessels, in order to allow more blood to be delivered to working muscles during exercise.

a. vasodilation

A triglyceride is ______. a. a storage chain of glycerol b. 3 fatty acids w/ glycerol backbone c. made of cholesterol d. a long chain of amino acids

b. 3 fatty acids w/ glycerol backbone

How many Calories are available from 1 gram (g) of fat? a. 4kcal b. 9 kcal

b. 9 kcal

Theoretically, what could happen once a steady state of aerobic metabolism occurs? a. Exercise could be done at 90% of its maximum level b. Exercise could progress indefinitely c. Exercise could be performed in a vacuum d. Exercise could be performed at a heart rate only slightly above the resting rate

b. Exercise could progress indefinitely

Exercising once a week does not reduce the occurrence and/or the severity of a heart attack. a. True b. False

b. False

Which process breaks molecules and gets energy to do the work? a. anabolism b. catabolism

b. catabolism

A person reaches their Ventilatory Threshold at 80% of their VO2 MAX. This person is likely a couch potato. a. True b.False

b. false

Higher blood pressure makes the heart stronger and healthier due to the increase of cardiac muscle contractions. a. True b. False

b. false

Humans are extremely efficient at utilizing energy. a. True b. False

b. false

Most of the cholesterol in the body comes from foods we eat. a. True b. False

b. false

Overweight/obesity is more harmful to health than being physically inactive. a. True b. False

b. false

Under normal conditions, amino acids (proteins) are a major source of energy for the human body. a. True b. False

b. false

VO2 expresses the maximal amount of oxygen a person can consume. a. True b. False

b. false

Tidal volume is: a. how fast your breath is (linearly) b. how deep your breath is (plateaus)

b. how deep your breath is (plateaus)

What does the sympathetic (fight/flight) nervous system do? a. lower heart rate b. increase heart rate

b. increase heart rate

Exercise _________ insulin sensitivity. a. decreases b. increases

b. increases

Muscle contraction is an example of what type of work? a. Electrical b. Mechanical c. Transport d. Chemical

b. mechanical

Simply explained, the 2nd Law of Thermodynamic explains a. energy cannot be created or destroyed b. some energy is lost when converting

b. some energy is lost when converting

When you are exercising, the _____ increases HR. When you slow down, the _____ acts to decrease HR. a. Central Nervous System; Parasympathetic Nervous System b. Sympathetic Nervous System; Parasympathetic Nervous System c. Sympathetic Nervous System; Central Nervous System d. Parasympathetic Nervous System; Sympathetic Nervous System

b. sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system

The Frank Starling Law states that ______. a. SV has a plateau that is dependent upon age b. the heart pumps what the heart gets c. the more work you do, the higher your heart rate becomes d. None of the answers are correct. e. All answers are correct.

b. the heart pumps what the heart gets

True or false? The body cannot use heat energy to perform mechanical work or muscle contraction. a. False b. True

b. true

A person has 20 ml of oxygen per 100 ml of blood in their arteries and 12 ml of oxygen per 100 ml of blood in their veins. What is their a-vO2 difference? a. 32 b. 80 c. 8 d. 12

c. 8

A thrombus is ____. a. a blood clot - travelling b. the death of cells c. a blood clot - not traveling d. hardening or narrowing of the arteries e. a reduction in blood flow

c. a blood clot - not traveling

Embolus is ____. a. a blood clot - not traveling b. hardening or narrowing of the arteries c. a blood clot - travelling d. the death of cells e. a reduction in blood flow

c. a blood clot - travelling

In the human body, triglycerides are stored in ______. a. glycogen b. the liver c. adipose tissue d. essential amino chains

c. adipose tissue

One calorie represents the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 __________ of water 1°C. a. Kilogram b. Milligram c. Gram d. Pound

c. gram

Cardiac output ____. a. Is the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat b. Is the product of heart rate and end diastolic volume c. Is the product of heart rate and stroke volume d. Is the difference between end systolic volume and end diastolic volume e. None of the above

c. is the product of heart rate and stroke volume

Which of the following factors affect cardiac output by changing stroke volume (SV)? a. None of the answers are correct b. Hormones c. Preload d. Autonomic innervation

c. preload

Approximately BLANK % of adults get the recommended amount of physical activity per week. a. 50% b. 60% c. 10% d. 20%

d. 20%

The monosaccharide that provides energy to cells of the human body is ____. a. glucagon b. sucrose c. polysaccharide d. glucose

d. glucose

The term "complex carbohydrate" describes dietary __________. a. fiber b. glucagon c. sugar d. starch

d. starch

Carbohydrates and fats are ____ used for fuel in the human body. a. glucagon b. enzymes c. insulin d. substrates

d. substrates

Infarction is ____. a. a blood clot - not traveling b. hardening or narrowing of the arteries c. a blood clot - travelling d. the death of cardiomyocytes e. a reduction in blood flow

d. the death of cardiomyocytes

Which aspects of a heart attack are prevented/attenuated by exercise preconditioning? a. Contractile dysfunction b. Ischemia c. Necrosis d. Changes in electrical activity (ECG) e. All of the answers are correct

e. All of the answers are correct

Ischemia is ____. a. a blood clot - not traveling b. hardening or narrowing of the arteries c. a blood clot - travelling d. the death of cells e. a reduction in blood flow

e. a reduction in blood flow

Which are benefits of exercise? a. heart stress reduction through weight loss/muscle conditioning b. lower blood pressure c. reduction of chronic inflammation d. improved insulin sensitivity e. all of the above

e. all of the above