KIN 245
The actions of the erector spinae spinalis on the spine include extension, lateral flexion, and
---
Which of the following is an action of the middle fibers of the deltoid muscles?
Abduction
Agonist muscles during hip flexion include all of the following except? ?
Adductor magnus
Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis?
All are superficial and palpable except the vastus intermedius
Muscles that primarily flex the elbow and pronate the forearm include all of the following except?
Anconeus
When viewed from the anatomical position which of the following is located posterior surface of the arm?
Anconeus
--- muscles have the opposite concentric action from agonists, and work by relaxing to allow movement.
Antagonist
Which of the following muscles externally rotates the knee?
Biceps femoris
Which of the following is an action of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
Both internal rotation and extension
Muscles that primarily extend the elbow and supinate the forearm include all of the following except?
Brachialis
The muscles that perform radioulnar pronation include all of the following except?
Brachialis
Most of the rotation within the cervical region occurs in the joint between ______.
C1 and C2
The flexor hallucis longus performs which of the following actions?
CORRECT: All of the above great toe flexion transverse tarsal and subtalar inversion ankle plantar flexion
Which of the following is true regarding circumduction?
Combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction
Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?
Covered by the vastus fascia
Due to the adductor brevis, adductor longus, and adductor magnus all inserting in various locations on the linea aspera, a resulting movement that is facilitated when adducting the hip is ______. ?
External rotation
All of the erector spinae muscles run horizontally parallel to the spinal column.
False
Each finger has three interphalangeal joints while the thumb is has only two.
False
Each toe has three interphalangeal joints except for the great toe which has only two.
False
Inversion is turning the ankle and foot outward away from the midline of the body where the weight is on medial edge of foot.
False
The coracobrachialis muscle inserts on the coracoid process.
False
The elbow joint is a hinge-type joint that allows for internal and external rotation
False
The insertion of the brachialis muscle is the coracoid process of the ulna.
False
The insertion of the brachioradialis muscle is the proximal end of the radius at the styloid process.
False
The medullary canal is located at the ends of long bones.
False
The scapula and clavicle serve as the proximal attachments for the muscles that flex and extend the elbow.
False
The scapula is an example of an irregular bone.
False
The semimembranosus inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle. ?
False
The stability of the glenohumeral joint is enhanced by it significant mobility.
False
The teres ligament is located superficially and slightly limits adduction. ?
False
The term "extensibility" refers to the ability of a muscle to return to its original length following stretching.
False
Which of the following is the sole action of the brachialis muscle?
Flexion of the elbow
Which of the following is considered to be an agonist muscle during hip abduction? ?
Gluteus medius
--- occurs in the segment of the nervous system responsible for providing a stimulus to muscle fibers within a specific muscle or portion of a muscle.
Innervation
Which of the following is not a muscle of the rotator cuff group?
Intrascapularis
--- means that a structure is on the same side.
Ipsilateral
--- is the muscle property of being sensitive or responsive to chemical, electrical, or mechanical stimuli.
Irritability
Which of the following is NOT an example of a movement in the Sagittal plane?
Lateral flexion
Which of the following is considered to be an extrinsic glenohumeral muscle?
Latissimus dorsi
When performing the up portion of the sit-up with rotation to the left, which of the following muscles are utilized the most?
Left internal oblique abdominal and right external oblique abdominal
The rectus femoris is more effective in hip flexion when the knee is in _________. ?
NOT -Flexion
is the primary action of the palmaris longus.
Pending: Wrist flexion
Which of the following is an origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
Posterior crest of the ilium
The biceps femoris muscle is located ________ and performs _______ of the hip joint. ?
Posteriorly, extension
Which of the following does not contribute to the relative stability of the acetabular femoral joint? ?
Rich nervous innervation
Which if the following muscles contract concentrically to cause extension of the head, right cervical rotation, and right cervical lateral flexion?
Right splenius capitis
Elbow extension takes place in what plane?
Sagittal
--- bones are small and embedded within the tendon of a musculotendinous unit to provide protection as well as a mechanical advantage.
Sesamoid
--- bones are composed of small, cube-shaped bones that usually have a proportionally large articular surface in order to articulate with more than one bone.
Short
Which of the following best describes the anatomical location of the head with respect to the left arm?
Superior and medial
Which of the following are not anterior muscles of the shoulder joint?
Supraspinatus
Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except? ?
Tensor fascia latae
Which of the following is not considered to be a muscle in the rotator cuff group?
Teres major
Shaking the head "No" occurs in which plane?
Transverse
All of the wrist flexor muscles generally have their origins located on the anteromedial aspect of the proximal forearm and the medial epicondyle of humerus.
True
Bone size and shape are influenced by both the direction and magnitude of applied forces.
True
Diagonal abduction is movement by a limb through a diagonal plane away from midline of body.
True
Dorsiflexion is the dorsal aspect of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia.
True
Each thoracic vertebrae has one pair of ribs that attaches to it laterally.
True
Extensor hallucis longus can perform weak inversion of the foot.
True
Functions of the abdominal muscles include assisting in spinal stabilization and respiration.
True
Generally, as a muscle gets longer, its ability to exert force increases.
True
Heel-strike is normally occurs by landing on the heel with the foot in supination and the leg in external rotation,
True
Motions of the finger metacarpophalangeal joints include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
True
Normally, the wrist has more adduction range of motion than abduction range of motion.
True
One of the functions of the supraspinatus muscle is to stabilize the humeral head in the glenoid fossa.
True
Spinal flexion is defined as anterior movement of the spine where the head moves toward chest and the thorax moves toward pelvis.
True
The agonist muscles that perform glenohumeral flexion are the anterior deltoid and the pectoralis major.
True
The ankle and foot joints are composed of 26 bones in each foot.
True
The extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris are the prime movers in ulnar deviation.
True
The iliotibial tract of the tensor fasciae latae inserts on Gerdy's tubercle.
True
The interphalangeal joints may be actively flexed to a greater degree with the wrist in slight extension as opposed to full flexion.
True
The muscles that are considered to be the agonists of phalangeal flexion include flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, and flexor pollicis longus.
True
The only muscle involved in extending all of the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the four lesser toes is the extensor digitorum longus.
True
The origin of the subclavius is the superior aspect of the first rib at its junction with its costal cartilage.
True
The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension. ?
True
The pubofemoral ligament is located anteromedially and inferiorly and limits excessive extension and abduction. ?
True
The right and left pelvis are joined together by the sacrum at the right and left sacroiliac joints. ?
True
The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all insert just below the medial condyle on upper anteromedial tibial surface. ?
True
The semimembranosus is located posteromedially and internally rotates the knee.
True
The soleus can perform muscular actions only in the sagittal plane.
True
The two pelvic bones join to form the amphiarthrodial joint referred to as the symphysis pubis. ?
True
Tibialis anterior performs dorsal flexion of the ankle in the sagittal plane.
True
Which of the following are actions associated with the shoulder girdle?
Upward rotation, abduction, and elevation
Movements in the transverse plane occur around which axis?
Vertical
Which of the following is an action of the pronator teres muscle?
Weak flexion of the elbow
Actions of the brachioradialis muscle include all of the following except?
Weak flexion of the shoulder
Which of the following is the Law of Reaction?
Which of the following is the Law of Reaction?
Movement of the scapula laterally away from the spinal column is termed ---
abduction
The deltoid middle fibers primary movements include --- and horizontal abduction.
abduction
The primary movements of the extensor carpi radialis longus at the wrist include extension and
abduction
The primary movements of the flexor carpi radialis at the wrist are flexion and
abduction
The primary movements of the pectoralis minor include --- downward rotation, and depression.
abduction
The primary movements of the sartorius at the hip joint include flexion, anterior pelvic rotation, external rotation, and
abduction
The primary movements of the tensor fasciae latae at the hip joint are flexion and ---
abduction
Upward lateral movement of the humerus in the frontal plane out to the side, away from the body is termed
abduction
Which of the following is an action of the middle fibers of the deltoid muscles?
abduction
Which of the following muscles performs an action in the frontal plane?
abductor pollicis longus
The rectus femoris has the following origin: anterior inferior iliac spine of the ilium and posterior groove above the
acetabulum
The most laterally located bony landmark of the scapula is the _______.
acromion process
The most superiorly located bony landmark of the scapula is the _______.
acromion process
--- is the specific movement of the joint resulting from a concentric contraction of a muscle that crosses the joint.
action
An action common to the latissimus dorsi, teres major, and lower pectoralis major is ______.
adduction
Downward movement of the humerus in the frontal plane medially toward the body from abduction is termed
adduction
Movement of the scapula medially toward the spinal column is termed ---
adduction
The coracobrachialis primary movements include horizontal and diagonal
adduction
The pectoralis major lower fibers primary movements include internal rotation, horizontal adduction, diagonal adduction, extension, and
adduction
The primary movements of the flexor carpi ulnaris at the wrist are flexion and
adduction
The primary movements of the gracilis on the hip joint include --- , flexion, and internal rotation.
adduction
The trapezius middle fibers primary movements include elevation, --- , and upward rotation.
adduction
The trapezius middle fibers primary movements include elevation, --- and upward rotation.
adduction
The --- has the following attachments- origin: front of the inferior pubic ramus; insertion: lower two-thirds of the pectineal line of the femur and the upper half of the medial lip of the linea aspera.
adductor brevis
the --- has the following attachments- origin: anterior pubis just below the crest; insertion: middle one-third of the linea aspera.
adductor longus
the --- has the following attachments- origin: edge of the entire pubic ramus and the ischium and ischial tuberosity; insertion: whole length of the linea aspera, inner condyloid ridge, and adductor tubercle.
adductor magnus
--- muscles are also known as prime movers, and when contracting concentrically cause joint motion through a specified plane of motion.
agonist
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between linear and angular motion?
angular motion of the joints produces linear motion
--- muscles have the opposite concentric action from agonists, and work by relaxing to allow movement.
antagonist
---- has reference to the front, or front part.
anterior
the --- axillary line passes through the front of the armpit skinfold and is parallel to the mid-axillary line.
anterior
a(n) --- is a tendinous expansion of dense fibrous connective tissue that is sheet- or ribbonlike in appearance and resembles a flattened tendon.
aponeurosis
Beside the atlantoaxial joint, the remainder of the vertebral articulations are classified as --- joints
arthrodial
a(n) --- joint is classified as diarthrodial, and is characterized by two flat bony surfaces that butt against each other. Examples are carpal bones of the wrist and the tarsometatarsal joints of the foot.
arthrodial
Muscles provide all of the following except?
attachment points for other muscles
the --- is the point of rotation about which a lever moves.
axis
Which of the following is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?
base of distal phalanxes of the four fingers
---- relates to the right AND left sides of the body or of a body structure such as the right AND left extremities.
bilateral
--- muscle fibers run obliquely from a central tendon on both sides.
bipennate
Which of the following statements is not correct regarding the abdominal muscles?
both of the above choices are correct -these muscles do not attach completely from bone to bone -some sections of these muscles are linked by fascia and tendinous bands
---- means below in relation to another structure.
caudal
Which of the following is a true statement regarding agonist muscles?
causes a joint motion through a specified plane of motion when contracting concentrically
Nearly all movement of the spinal column takes place within the two supportive structures known as the _____ and ________.
cervical & lumbar
Which of the following is not true regarding concentric muscle contractions?
commonly described as being a negative type of contraction
The metacarpophalangeal joints are classified as
condyloid
a(n) ---- joint is classified as diarthrodial, and is characterized by bones that permit movement in two planes without rotation. Examples are the wrist between the radius and the proximal row of the carpal bones, or the second, third, fourth, and fifth metacarpophalangeal joints.
condyloidal
Which of the following is true regarding concentric muscle contractions?
contractions cause movement against gravity or resistance
The brachialis has the following insertion: --- process of the ulna.
coronoid
--- describes being beneath or below the surface.
deep
The deltoid fibers all have the following insertion: ---tuberosity on the lateral humerus
deltoid
Downward or inferior movement of the scapula is termed
depression
The trapezius lower fibers primary movements include adduction,---, and upward rotation.
depression
The main actions of the extensor digitorum longus at the ankle joint are extension of the four lesser toes, ---, and eversion.
dorsiflexion
Which of the following actions is not performed by the trapezius?
downward rotation
--- involves the study of systems in motion with acceleration.
dynamics
--- is the ability of muscle to return to its original resting length following stretching.
elasticity
The actions of the lower portion of the trapezius muscle include all of the following except
elevation
Upward or superior movement of the scapula is termed
elevation
The hip joint is classified as a --- joint that consists of the head of the femur connecting with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle.
enarthrodial
The supinator has the following origin: lateral --- of the humerus and neighboring posterior part of the ulna.
epicondyle
Which of the following muscles would be most effective in performing anterior pelvic rotation?
erector spinae
The actions of the peroneus longus on the ankle joint are subtalar --- and plantar flexion
eversion
Turning the ankle and foot outward in abduction away from the midline is termed subtalar
eversion
An action common to the latissimus dorsi, teres major, and lower pectoralis major is ______.
extension
Contraction of the adductor magnus results in adduction of the hip, external rotation, and hip ---
extension
Movement of the forearm away from the shoulder by straightening the elbow to increase its angle is termed
extension
Movement of the posterior femur from any point toward the posterior pelvis in the sagittal plane is termed hip ---
extension
Movement of the toes away from the plantar surface of the foot is termed toe
extension
The actions of the erector spinae iliocostalis on the spine include ---, lateral flexion, and rotation.
extension
The extensor carpi radialis brevis is responsible for the following movements at the wrist joint: ---, and abduction.
extension
The infraspinatus primary movements include external rotation, horizontal abduction, --- , and diagonal abduction.
extension
The movements of the abductor pollicis longus include abduction and --- of the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint, and weak wrist extension.
extension
The movements of the extensor pollicis longus include extension of the thumb at the carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal, and interphalangeal joints, as well as wrist
extension
The movements of the quadratus lumborum on the spine include lateral flexion and ---
extension
The primary movement of the anconeus is elbow
extension
When contracted, the action of the vastus lateralis on the knee joint is ---
extension
Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist?
extensor carpi radialis longus
Which of these muscles may be palpated just proximal to the dorsal aspect of the wrist?
extensor carpi radialis longus
the --- has the following attachments- origin: lateral condyle of the tibia, head of the fibula, and upper two-third of the anterior surface of the fibula; insertion: tops of the middle and distal phalanges of the four lesser toes.
extensor digitorum longus
The --- has the following attachments- origin: middle to distal one-third of the posterior ulna; insertion: base of the middle and distal phalanxes of the second phalange on the dorsal side.
extensor indicis muscle
The --- has the following attachments- origin: posterior surface of the lower middle radius; insertion: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb on the dorsal surface.
extensor pollicis brevis muscle
the --- has the following attachments- origin: posterior lateral surface of the lower middle ulna; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the thumb on the dorsal surface.
extensor pollicis longus muscle
Lateral rotary movement of the femur in the transverse plane around its longitudinal axis away from the midline is termed hip
external rotation
Antagonist muscles are known as primary or prime movers or muscles most involved in a joint action.
false
Contractility is the ability of muscle to contract and develop tension or internal force in the same direction as a resistive force when stimulated.
false
During rapid running movement where inertia is high the center of gravity of the body must be raised in order to maintain balance when stopping or changing direction.
false
Eccentric muscle "actions" result from isometric muscle contractions.
false
Flexion/extension is an example of movement in a coronal plane about an anteroposterior axis.
false
Minor variations in the point of force application have no effect in determining the effective force of the muscle.
false
One of the functions of articular cartilage is to separate the diaphysis and epiphysis.
false
The insertion of the deltoid muscle is the humeral tuberosity on the lateral humerus.
false
The insertion of the levator scapulae is the transverse processes of the upper 4 cervical vertebrae.
false
The insertion of the pectoralis minor is the coranoid process of the ulna.
false
The levator scapulae muscle is responsible for upward rotation of the inferior angle of the scapula.
false
The origin of serratus anterior is the surfaces of the upper seven ribs at the side of the chest.
false
The origin of the levator scapulae muscle is the spinous processes of the upper four cervical vertebrae (C1-4).
false
The origin of the pectoralis major muscle is the coracoid process of the scapula.
false
The pectoralis minor can perform adduction, downward rotation, or depression when activated.
false
The shape and arrangement of muscle fibers affect the muscle's ability to relax.
false
The synergist muscle of an activity is considered to be the primary mover.
false
Typical bony features include tendons, epiphysis, and articular cartilage.
false
Velocity is how fast an object is moving, or the distance an object travels in a specific amount of time
false
--- is a sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue that envelops, separatesm or binds together parts of the body such as muscles, organs, and other soft-tissue structures of the body.
fascia
The popliteus has the following origin: posterior surface of the lateral condyle of the ---
femur
The vastus intermedius has the following origin: upper two-thirds of the anterior surface of the ---
femur
--- muscles are usually thin and broad, originating from broad, fibrous, sheetlike aponeuroses that allow them to spread their forces over a broad area.
flat
Movement of the anterior femur from any point toward the anterior pelvis in the sagittal plane is termed hip
flexion
Movement of the palm of the hand and/or the phalanges toward the anterior or volar aspect of the forearm is termed
flexion
Movement of the toes toward the plantar surface of the foot is termed toe
flexion
Movement of the toes toward the plantar surface of the foot is termed toe ---
flexion
The primary movements of the biceps femoris at the knee joint include --- , and external rotation.
flexion
The pronator teres primary movement includes pronation and weak elbow ---
flexion
When contracted, the actions of the rectus abdominis on the spine include lumbar --- and lateral flexion.
flexion
When the semitendinosus contracts, the resultant movement to the knee joint is --- , and internal rotation.
flexion
The primary movements of the gluteus minimus at the hip joint include abduction and ---
flexion?
Which of the following muscles can perform flexion of the four lesser toes when concentrically contracting?
flexor digitorum longus
Which of the following muscles can perform flexion of the great toe when concentrically contracting?
flexor hallucis longus
the --- has the following attachments- origin: middle two-thirds of the posterior surface of the fibula; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe on the plantar surface.
flexor hallucis longus
Which of the following is the correct order starting from the most posterior aspect of the distal lower leg/ankle and moving medially?
flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior
Which of the following muscles performs flexion of the thumb?
flexor pollicis longus
the --- has the following attachments- origin: middle anterior surface of the radius and anterior medial border of the ulna just distal to the coronoid process; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the thumb on the palmar surface.
flexor pollicis longus muscle
Movements occurring in the sagittal plane have a --- axis of rotation. Common movements include biceps flexion and hip extension.
frontal
Proximal interphalangeal joint motion occurs about the ___ axis.
frontal
the --- plane bisects the body laterally from side to side, dividing it into front (ventral) and back (dorsal) halves.
frontal
the --- position occurs with the subject standing in an upright posture, facing straight ahead, with feet parallel and the palms facing the body.
fundamental
--- muscles are spindle-shaped with a central belly that tapers to tendons on each end; this allows them to focus their power on small, bony targets.
fusiform
Which of the following muscles may be palpated on the upper one-half of the posterior aspect of the lower leg?
gastrocnemius
The biceps brachii short head has the following origin: coracoid process of the scapula and upper lip of the ---
glenoid
The biceps brachii short head has the following origin: coracoid process of the scapula and upper lip of the --- fossa
glenoid
the --- has the following attachments- origin: posterior one-fourth of the crest of the ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum and coccyx near the ilium, and fascia of the lumbar area; insertion: oblique ridge on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter and the iliotibial band of the fasciae latae.
gluteus maximus
The --- has the following attachments- origin: lateral surface of the ilium just below the crest; insertion: posterior and middle surfaces of the greater trochanter of the femur.
gluteus medius
Synarthrodial joints are immovable, and include two types: suture and ----
gomphosis
The elbow joint is classified as a --- joint that allows only flexion and extension.
hinge-type
The erector spinae --- has the following attachments- origin: medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from the sacrum, posterior ribs three through twelve; insertion: posterior ribs one through twelve, cervical four through seven transverse processes.
iliocostalis
Which of the following is a possible advantage of a wheel axle mechanical arrangement?
increased range of motion
Which of the following anatomical landmarks is located on the posterior surface of the scapula?
infraspinatus fossa
--- occurs in the segment of the nervous system responsible for providing a stimulus to muscle fibers wit
innervation
The latissimus dorsi has the following --- : medial side of the intertubercular groove of the humerus, just anterior to the attachment for the teres major.
insertion
Medial rotary movement of the femur in the transverse plane around its longitudinal axis toward the midline is termed hip ---
internal rotation
The primary movements of the semitendinosus on the hip joint include extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and
internal rotation
An action common to the latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis and pectoralis major is ______.
internal rotation?
--- pertains usually to muscles within or belonging solely to the body part on which they act.
intrinsic
Turning the ankle and foot inward in adduction toward the midline is termed subtalar
inversion
--- is the muscle property of being sensitive or responsive to chemical, electrical, or mechanical stimuli.
irritability
Which of the following is not true regarding the force arm of a lever?
is determined by multiplying the distance from the axis by the force
The semimembranosus has the following origin: --- tuberosity.
ischial
The semitendinosus has the following origin: --- tuberosity
ischial
--- contractions may be thought of as static, because active tension is developed in the muscle while the joint angle maintains a stable position.
isometric
In the lever system of the body, a --- represents the axis
joint
--- is the study of forces associated with the motion of a body.
kinetics
the --- joint is the largest diarthrodial joint in the body.
knee
The pectoralis major lower fibers have the following insertion: flat tendon two or three inches wide to the --- lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus.
lateral
The movements of the internal oblique abdominal on the spine include lumbar flexion, ---, and rotation.
lateral flexion
The --- has the following insertion: medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the scapular spine.
levator scapulae
A wheel and an axle essentially function as a form of a ---
lever
a --- is defined as a rigid bar that turns about an axis of rotation.
lever
--- bones are composed of an elongated cylindrical shaft with relatively wide, protruding ends. The shaft contains the medullary cavity.
long
Movements that occur in the transverse plane have a ---- axis of rotation. Common actions include internal rotation of the humerus, or external rotation of the femur.
longitudinal
--- relates to the middle or center; nearer to the median or midsagittal plane.
medial
The coracobrachialis has the following insertion: middle of the --- border of the humeral shaft.
medial
Which of the following is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis?
medial epicondyle of the humerus
the --- line runs vertically down the surface of the body passing through the apex of the armpit.
mid-axillary
Which of the following is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus?
middle anterior surface of the radius
a --- consists of a single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.
motor unit
Muscles are usually named due to all of the following except?
nerve
--- muscles counteract the action of other muscles to prevent undesirable movements such as inappropriate muscle substitutions.
neutralizing
The trapezius upper fibers have the following origin: base of skull, --- , and posterior ligaments of the neck.
occipital protuberance
All heads of the triceps brachii have the following insertion: --- process of the ulna.
olecranon
the --- has the following attachments- origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus; insertion: palmar aponeurosis of the second, third, fourth, and fifth metacarpals.
palmaris longus muscle
the --- has the following attachments- origin: mid to lower two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula; insertion: tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal bone.
peroneus brevis
Which of the following muscles does not perform plantar flexion?
peroneus tertius
Which of the following muscles has its origin on the distal third of the anterior fibula?
peroneus tertius
Which of the following muscles is included in the anterior compartment?
peroneus tertius
----- relates to the sole or undersurface of the foot.
plantar
The action of the tibialis posterior on the ankle joint is
plantar flexion
The primary movement of the soleus on the ankle joint is
plantar flexion
When contracted, the flexor hallucis longus has the following actions on the ankle joint: flexion of the great toe, ---, and inversion
plantar flexion
When contracted, the flexor hallucis longus has the following actions on the ankle joint: flexion of the great toe, ---, and inversion.
plantar flexion
The teres minor has the following insertion: --- on the greater tubercle of the humerus.
posteriorly
The pronator quadratus primary movement is --- of the forearm.
pronation
Which of the following is not an action of the pectoralis major muscle?
pronation
The pronator quadratus has the following insertion: distal one-fourth of the anterior side of the ---
radius
Movement of the thumb as it returns to the anatomical position from opposition with the hand and/or fingers is termed ---
reposition
The actions of the external oblique abdominal on the spine include lumbar flexion, lateral flexion, and
rotation
The main actions of the sternocleidomastoid include head extension, flexion, --- , and lateral flexion.
rotation
The main actions of the sternocleidomastoid include head extension, flexion, ---, and lateral flexion.
rotation
The rotary movement of the spine in the transverse plane is termed spinal ---
rotation
the --- plane bisects the body from front to back, dividing it into right and left symmetrical halves.
sagittal
Movements that occur in the frontal plane have a --- plane of rotation. Common movements include abduction of the humerus, and adduction of the femur.
sagittal?
The deltoid posterior fibers have the following origin: inferior edge of the spine of the
scapula
The teres major has the following origin: posteriorly on the inferior third of the lateral border of the --- and just superior to the inferior angle.
scapula
The two bones primarily involved in movements of the shoulder girdle are the clavicle and the ---
scapula
a --- -class lever is arranged with the resistance between the axis and the force.
second
The --- muscle has the following origin: surface of the upper nine ribs at the side of the chest.
serratus anterior
Which of the following muscles has a portion of its origin located on the ribs?
serratus anterior
Which of the following muscles is located most anteriorly on the human body?
serratus anterior
Which of the following muscles would best strengthened by the bench press exercise?
serratus anterior
The trapezius middle fibers have the following origin: spinous process of the --- cervical and upper three thoracic vertebrae.
seventh
The trapezius lower fibers have the following insertion: triangular space at the base of the scapular
spine
The ________ process can be palpated on the posterior surface of the spine when it is flexed:
spinous
the --- has the following attachments- origin: lower half of the ligamentum nunchae and the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper three or four thoracic vertebrae; insertion: mastoid process and occipital bone.
splenius capitis
--- muscles surround the joint or body part and contract to fixate the area to enable another limb or body segment to exert force and move.
stabilizer
--- muscles surround the joint or body part and contract to fixate the area to enable another limb or body segment to exert force and move.
stabilizing
--- involves the study of systems that are in a constant state of motion, whether at rest with no motion or moving at a constant velocity without acceleration.
statics
the --- has the following attachments- origin: manubrium of the sternum, anterior superior surface of the medial clavicle; insertion: mastoid process.
sternocleidomastoid
Which of the following anatomical landmarks is located on the anterior surface of the scapula?
subscapular fossa
the --- has the following origin: entire anterior surface of the subscapular fossa.
subscapularis
The vastus lateralis provides a _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.
superolateral
A combination of ankle plantar flexion, subtalar inversion, and forefoot adduction is termed
supination
External rotary movement of the radius on the ulna that results in the hand moving from the palm-down to the palm-up position is termed ---
supination
The primary movement of the supinator is
supination
the --- muscle has the following origin: medial two-thirds of the supraspinous fossa.
supraspinatus
a --- is a type of amphiarthrodial joint that is held together by strong ligamentous structures that allow minimal movement between bones. Examples are the coracoclavicular joint and the inferior tibiofibular joint
syndesmosis
the --- has the following attachments- origin: anterior iliac crest and surface of the ilium just below the crest; insertion: one-fourth of the way down the thigh into the iliotibial tract.
tensor fasciae latae
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the tibiofibular joint?
the interosseus membrane is located around the tibia and fibula shafts to provide support
Which of the following is not a true statement regarding antagonist muscles?
these muscles work against agonist muscles by contracting and preventing movement
a --- -class lever is arranged with the force between the axis and the resistance.
third
The trunk is composed of the _______.
thoracic spine, rib cage, and pelvic girdle
The rectus femoris has the following insertion: superior aspect of the patella and patella tendon to the --- tuberosity
tibial
The vastus medialis has the following insertion: medial half of the upper border of the patella and patellar tendon to the --- tuberosity
tibial
the ---- plane divides the body into superior (cephalic) and inferior (caudal) halves.
transverse
the --- has the following attachments- origin: lateral one-third of the inguinal ligament, inner rim of the iliac crest, inner surface of the costal cartilages of the lower six ribs, lumbar fascia; insertion: crest of the pubis and the iliopectineal line, abdominal aponeurosis to the linea alba.
transversus abdominis
Which of the following muscles has a portion of its insertion located on the spine of the scapula?
trapezius
Which of the following muscles is located most posteriorly on the human body?
trapezius
Which of the following muscles performs both elevation and depression?
trapezuis
The vastus lateralus has the following origin: intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of the greater --- , gluteal tuberosity, upper half of the linea aspera, and entire lateral intermuscular septum.
trochanter
The atlantoaxial joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae is classified as a --- joint
trochoid
a ---joint is classified as diarthrodial, and is characterized by rotational movement around a long axis. An example the rotation of the radius on the ulna at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints.
trochoidal
All three of the vasti muscles of quadriceps originate on proximal femur and insert on patellar superior pole.
true
Anterior deltoid action is opposed by the posterior deltoid.
true
Diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints.
true
Each muscle in the human body may be innervated by a single nerve or multiple nerves.
true
Glenohumeral joint stability is enhanced by the glenoid labrum.
true
Linear displacement is the distance that a system moves along straight line.
true
Skeletal muscles are responsible for movement of the body as a whole and movement within each of the joints of the body.
true
Some circumstances exist where movement is improved when the body tends to be unbalanced.
true
Subscapularis action is opposed by the infraspinatus.
true
The agonist muscles that perform glenohumeral flexion are the anterior deltoid and the pectoralis major.
true
The insertion of the biceps brachii muscle is the radial tuberosity.
true
The insertion of the pectoralis major muscle is the flat tendon 2-3 inches wide to the outer lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus.
true
The knee joint is the largest joint in the body.
true
The mass of an object affects the speed and acceleration of the object during movement.
true
The medial border of the scapula above the scapular spine is the insertion point of the levator scapulae.
true
The origin of the deltoid muscle includes the anterior lateral third of the clavicle and the lateral portion of the acromion process.
true
The origin of the pectoralis major muscle includes the anterior surface of the costal cartilages of the first six ribs.
true
The origin of the pectoralis major muscle includes the medial half of the anterior surface of the clavicle.
true
The rotator cuff muscle group includes the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles.
true
The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all insert just below the medial condyle on upper anteromedial tibial surface.
true
The serratus anterior performs abduction in the transverse plane.
true
The term "action" refers to a specific movement of a joint that occurs as a result from a concentric muscle contraction.
true
The term "innervation" is used to describe a segment of nervous system and is defined as being responsible for providing a stimulus to muscle fibers within a specific muscle or portion of a muscle.
true
The term "intrinsic" usually pertains to muscles within or belonging solely to the body part upon which they act.
true
The term "isokinetics" describes a type of dynamic exercise that uses concentric and/or eccentric muscle contractions.
true
There are two major types of fiber arrangements which are parallel and pennate.
true
Vertebrae increase in size from the cervical to the lumbar region because the lower back supports more weight.
true
When attempting extreme external rotation the total shoulder range of motion is enhanced by scapula adduction.
true
The biceps brachii long head has the following origin: ---
tubercle above the superior lip of the glenoid fossa.
The pronator quadratus has the following origin: distal one-fourth of the anterior side of the
ulna
--- muscle fibers run obliquely from a tendon on one side only.
unipennate
Raising the humerus high out to the side to ask a question involves which of the following motions?
upward rotation
Which of the following is an action performed by the serratus anterior?
upward rotation
--- is the primary action of the palmaris longus
wrist flexion