Kin 270 Exam 2

If the gene for collagen were damaged such that the collagen in bone became non‐functional, the bone tissue would be a. Brittle b. Flexible c. Unchanged

a. Brittle

As a long bone grows, a. Cartilage is replaced by bone tissue b. Fibroblasts create more mineral matrix c. Osteoclasts lay down bone tissue at increasingly rapid rates

a. Cartilage is replaced by bone tissue

In the feedback loop that elevates blood calcium, which of the following are sensors? a. Cells in the parathyroid gland b. Cells in the thyroid gland c. Cells in bone tissue d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

a. Cells in the parathyroid gland

The extracellular matrix in connective tissue is manufactured and maintained by a. Connective tissue cells b. Epithelial tissue cells c. Neurons d. Muscle cells

a. Connective tissue cells

If melanocytes were so active that all cells in the body contained enormous levels of melanin, the individual would appear a. Dark brown or black b. Green c. Pink d. White

a. Dark brown or black

In order for melanin to protect against at least two types of skin cancer, the pigment must be passed to a. Epithelial cells b. Fibroblasts c. Smooth muscle cells d. Neurons

a. Epithelial cells

Bending our elbow 90 degrees from anatomical position is called a. Flexion b. Extension c. Abduction d. Adduction e. Pronation

a. Flexion

Even without having studied a feedback loop that restores blood volume after we bleed, you know that effector tissue in the feedback loop must be located in a. Red bone marrow b. Yellow bone marrow c. The kidney d. The gut e. The skin

a. Red bone marrow

A very hot individual without melanin would appear a. Redder than when cool b. Bluer than when cool c. Greener than when cool d. Browner than when cool

a. Redder than when cool

Through which of the following epithelial tissue types would be lose the most water to the environment? (You may assume no glands) a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Stratified squamous epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium

a. Simple squamous epithelium

Which of the following bones articulate with the femur at the knee? a. The tibia b. The fibula c. The talus d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

a. The tibia

Bone has a rich blood supply a. True b. False

a. True

Epithelial tissue always has a free and an attached side. a. True b. False

a. True

Does oxygen diffuse across the skin epithelium (from the environment into the bloodstream)? a. Yes b. No

a. Yes

Blood vessels supplying the epidermis run through a. Epithelial tissue in the epidermis b. Epithelial tissue in the dermis c. Connective tissue in the epidermis d. Connective tissue in the dermis e. Cells in the epidermis do not need a blood supply because they obtain all necessary nutrients from the air

d. Connective tissue in the dermis

From the figure above, "A" is the a. Meniscus b. Articular cartilage c. Bursa d. Articular capsule e. Synovial cavity

d. Articular capsule

The skin consists of which of the following layers? a. The epidermis b. The dermis c. The hypodermis d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

d. Both (a) and (b)

Which of the following bones articulate with the humerus in the elbow? a. The radius b. The ulna c. The scapula d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

d. Both (a) and (b)

The tissue type of the structure in "D" is composed of a. Areolar tissue b. Articular cartilage (supportive connective tissue) c. Bone (supportive connective tissue) d. Dense connective tissue e. Epithelial tissue

d. Dense connective tissue

Similarities between bone and hyaline cartilage include a. A rich blood supply b. Cells residing in lacunae c. The mineral matrix in the ground substance d. All of the above

b. Cells residing in lacunae

Cartilage has a rich blood supply a. True b. False

b. False

Connective tissue should be exposed to the outside world. a. True b. False

b. False

Imagine a situation that melanocytes were so active that all skin cells contained enormous levels of melanin. A concern would be: a. Brittle bones b. Flexible bones c. Bone would not be affected

b. Flexible bones

Fluid loss from burns is an example of a. Sensible perspiration b. Insensible perspiration c. Loss of sebum

b. Insensible perspiration

Which of the following cell types dissolves bone tissue? a. Osteoblasts b. Osteoclasts c. Osteocytes d. Chondroblasts e. Chondrocytes

b. Osteoclasts

Which of the following is a synovial joint? a. A suture in the cranium b. The facet joint between vertebrae c. The joint between the teeth and the mandible d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

b. The facet joint between vertebrae

Which of the following articulates with the humerus in the shoulder joint? a. The clavicle b. The scapula c. The ulna d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

b. The scapula

If you answered "yes" to the question above, why do we die if we block airflow through to the lungs? a. Even though the lung and skin have the same epithelial tissue structure, lung epithelial cells have many more oxygen transporters. Thus, the skin cannot transport enough oxygen. b. The structure of the lung epithelium allows rapid diffusion even though there are no oxygen transporters. Skin epithelial tissue structure prevents adequate diffusion. c. The lung is the only site of oxygen diffusion, so I answered "no" to the question above.

b. The structure of the lung epithelium allows rapid diffusion even though there are no oxygen transporters. Skin epithelial tissue structure prevents adequate diffusion.

Moving the arm away from a mid‐sagittal plane is called a. Flexion b. Extension c. Abduction d. Adduction e. Pronation

c. Abduction

Which of the following is the least dangerous type of skin cancer? a. Melanoma b. Squamous cell carcinoma c. Basal cell carcinoma d. Osteosarcoma e. Neuroblastoma

c. Basal cell carcinoma

The structural properties of epithelial tissue are primarily due to the structure and arrangement of the a. Ground substance b. Protein fibers c. Cells d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

c. Cells

In the feedback loop that elevates blood calcium, which of the following are effectors? a. Cells in the parathyroid gland b. Cells in the thyroid gland c. Cells in bone tissue d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

c. Cells in bone tissue

The functional tissue in the heart is composed of a. Epithelial tissue b. Connective tissue c. Muscle tissue d. Nervous tissue

c. Muscle tissue

The organizational unit of compact bone is called a(n) a. Osteoblast b. Osteoclast c. Osteon d. Trabecula e. Lacuna

c. Osteon

The least stable joint in our body is the a. The knee b. The hip c. The shoulder d. The elbow e. The wrist

c. The shoulder

The most mobile joint in the body is the a. The knee b. The hip c. The shoulder d. The elbow e. The wrist

c. The shoulder

Imagine you want to pull a car out of a ditch. If you created a rope from human tissue, you would use a. Stratified squamous epithelial tissue b. Simple squamous epithelial tissue c. Stratified columnar epithelial tissue d. Dense regular connective tissue e. Dense irregular connective tissue

d. Dense regular connective tissue

In high humidity, what happens to the feedback loop that helps maintain body temperature? a. The sensor doesn't work. b. The control center doesn't work. c. The effector doesn't work. d. Everything works normally, but the environment diminishes the effectiveness of the feedback loop e. Everything works normally and we cool ourselves to the same extent as in a dry environment.

d. Everything works normally, but the environment diminishes the effectiveness of the feedback loop

Which of the following tissue types includes cells specialized to communicate with distant parts of the body? a. Epithelial tissue b. Connective tissue c. Muscle tissue d. Nervous tissue

d. Nervous tissue

Red bone marrow is found primarily in a. The central canal of an osteon b. Canaliculi that connect lacunae c. Compact bone d. Spongy bone e. The periosteum

d. Spongy bone

Which of the following best describes dense connective tissue? a. Tissue that consists mostly of flat cells b. Tissue that consists mostly of tall, thin cells c. Tissue that consists mostly of extracellular matrix with more ground substance than protein fibers d. Tissue that consists mostly of extracellular matrix and has more protein fibers than ground substance.

d. Tissue that consists mostly of extracellular matrix and has more protein fibers than ground substance.

Spongy bone is arranged in a. Osteoblasts b. Osteoclasts c. Osteons d. Trabeculae e. Lacunae

d. Trabeculae

An organ will contain a. Epithelial tissue b. Connective tissue c. Muscle tissue d. Nervous tissue e. All of the above

e. All of the above

In which of the following places would you find fibrocartilage? a. An intervertebral joint b. The joint at the pubic symphysis c. The knee d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

e. All of the above

The structural properties of connective tissue proper are primarily due to the structure and arrangement of the a. Ground substance b. Protein fibers c. Cells d. Both (a) and (b) e. All of the above

e. All of the above

Which of the following is a component of a synovial joint a. Synovial fluid b. Synovial membrane c. Articular cartilage d. Joint capsule e. All of the above

e. All of the above

In the negative feedback loop that restores body temperature when we get hot, the effector consists of a. Stratified squamous epithelial tissue b. Simple squamous epithelial tissue c. Sensory structures close to the surface of the skin d. Sebaceous glands e. Sweat glands

e. Sweat glands

From the figure above, "B" is the a. Meniscus b. Articular cartilage c. Bursa d. Articular capsule e. Synovial cavity

e. Synovial cavity