kin 370: chapter 1
1 foot
12 inches
1 pound
16 ounces
In the metric system of weights and measures, how many centimeters equal an inch in the English system? - 1.56 - 3 - 2 - 2.54
2.54
1 ton
2000 pounds
1 yard
3 feet
One point in the English system can be expressed as ___ in the metric system - 5 N - 4.45 N - 3.15 N - 4 N
4.45 N
1 mile
5280 feet
The term ___ combines the prefix bio, meaning "life", with the field of mechanics, which is the study of the actions of forces
Biomechanics
A condition involving high levels of muscle tension and spasticity is ____ - cerebral palsy - fibrous dysplasia - osteoporosis - osteochondritis dissecans
Cerebral palsy
A problem area challenging biomechanists who study the elderly is _____ - decreased mobility - decreased fractures - increased bone mineral mass - increased trunk motion
Decreased mobility
Identify the two major subbranches of mechanics (Check all that apply) - dynamics - statics - sports medicine - kinesiology
Dynamics Statics
The predominant system of measurement still used in the United States is the - international system of units - metric system - S.I. - English system
English system
The fait of an individual with cerebral palsy is characterized by ___ during stance. - reduced plantar flexion - excessive shoulder articulation - excessive knee flexion - reduced levels of spasticity
Excessive knee flexion
The gait of an individual with cerebral palsy is characterized by ___ during stance. - reduced levels of spasticity - excessive knee flexion - excessive shoulder articulation - reduced plantar flexion
Excessive knee flexion
T/F: Running in running shoes is more economical than barefoot or minimally shod running
False
In the context of kinetics, ____ can be thought of as a push or pull acting on a body - force - acceleration - speed - velocity
Force
The kinematics of an exercise or a sport skill execution is also known as ____ - posture or bearing - mechanics - dynamics - form or technique
Form or technique
Within the fields of kinesiology and exercise science, the living organism most commonly of interest is the ____ - human bod - tetrapod - plant cell - quadruped
Human body
Rank the steps involved in the analysis of human movement in the order that they should be performed (from the first to last) - studying or analyzing - answer a question of problem of interest - identifying
Identifying Studying or analyzing Answering a question or problem of interest
Identify a reason for the issue of bone loss in astronauts who have been out of the earth's gravitational field for just a few days - decreased bone resorption - decreased potassium absorption - increased calcium absorption - increased bone resorption
Increased bone resorption
Identify the forces that are studied within the fields of kinesiology and exercise science (Check all that apply) - internal forces produced by muscles in the human body - external forces that cause the motion of rigid bodies - external forces that act on the human body - internal forces that cause the motion of groups of bodies
Internal forces produced by muscles in the human body External forces that act on the human body
Qualitative - involving the use of numbers - involving nonnumeric descriptions
Involving nonnumeric descriptions
Quantitative - involving the use of numbers - involving nonnumeric descriptions
Involving the use of numbers
In the context of humans, identity the accurate statements about the energy cost of running - it increases with increase in running speed - it decreases with increase in running speed - it decreases with the amount of weight being carried by a runner - it increases with the amount of weight being carried by a runner
It increases with increase in running speed It increases with the amount of weight being carried by a runner
Which of the following is true of kinematics? - it involved the study of size, sequencing, and timing of movement - it focuses on the forces that result from motion - it focuses on the forces that cause motion - it involves the study of the action of forces
It involves the study of the size, sequencing, and timing of movement
Identify the true statements about the steps involved in approaching and solving formula quantitative problems in the analysis of human motion. - it is acceptable to use symbols to represent physical quantities if the symbols are meaningful - it is unnecessary to draw a diagram representing the problem situation - it is possible to determine essential information, not explicitly stated int he problem, by inference if a workable formula cannot be identified - it is a hinderance to the problem-solving process when the information given in the problem is presented in list form
It is acceptable to use symbols to represent physical quantities if the symbols are meaningful It is possible to determine essential information, not explicitly stated int he problem, by inference if a workable formula cannot be identified
A feature of the metric system of weights and measures is that ____ - its specific units came largely from royal decrees - the base units depend on gravitational force - its units expecting those for time relate by factors of 10 - the base units are not reproducible quantities
Its units excepting those for time relate by factors of 10
The study of the description of motion, including considerations of space and time, is known as, ___ - kinetics - sports medicine - statistics - kinematics
Kinematics
In the context of biomechanics, the study of human movement is known as ___ - dynamics - statics - kinetics - kinesiology
Kinesiology
The study of the action of forces is known as __ - statics - kinematics - sports medicine - kinetics
Kinetics
Identify the base units in the metric system of weights and measures - inches for length - meter for length - pund for mass - kilogram for mass - second for time - degree Kelvin for temperature
Meter for length Kilogram for mass Second for time Degree Kelvin for temperature
A system of weights and measures used internationally in scientific applications and adopted for daily use by every major country expect the United States is known as the ___ - metric system - customary system - English system - imperial system
Metric system
Identify the symptoms that are exhibited by astronauts who have been out of the earth's gravitational field for just a few days (Check all that apply) - respiratory and reproductive changes - increased bone density in the lower extremities - muscle atrophy - cardiovascular and immune system changes
Muscle atrophy Cardiovascular and immune system changes
A field that focuses on the prevention of work related injuries and the improvement of working conditions and worker performance is known as ___ - kinematics - applied sport psychology - occupational biomechanics - kinesiology
Occupational biomechanics
___ is a condition in which bone mineral mass and strength are so severely compromised that daily activities can cause bone pain and fracturing. - osteochondritis disscans - fibrous dysplasia - hypercalaemia - osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
At a gymnastics training session, Andrea performed a perfect back handspring. Her coach described her performance as excellent. Identify the type of description used in this scenario. - numeric - formal quantitative - quantitative - qualitative
Qualitative
During a basketball match, a commentator exclaims, "The game is going really well." Identity the type of description used in this scenario. - formal quantitative - qualitative - quantitative - numeric
Qualitative
Amy, a high school student, threw a discuss to a distance of 95 feet and won a competition. Identify the type of description used in this scenario. - quantitative - general - quantitative - formal qualitative
Quantitative
Jeremy, an athlete, won a 100 meter race with a time of 9 seconds. Identify the type of description used in this scenario. - quantitative - qualitative - general - formal qualitative
Quantitative
In the context of the analysis of human movement, rank the steps involved in approaching and solving a formal quantitative problem in the correct sequence. - draw a diagram representing the problem situation, clearly indicating all known quantities - write down what is wanted or what is to be determined - identify and write down the formulas that might be useful in solving the problem - read the problem carefully, and write down the information the given information in list form
Read the problem carefully, and write down the information the given information in list form Write down what is wanted or what is to be determined Draw a diagram representing the problem situation, clearly Formulas that might be useful in solving the problem
Identify a serious risk factor for overuse injuries in recreational runners - gradual increase in running distance or intensity - less cumulative mileage - running on cambered surfaces - gradual decrease in running distance or intensity
Running on cambered surfaces
In the context of systems of measurement, the Le Systeme International d'Unites is commonly known as the ___ - English system - S.I. - US customary system - imperial system
S.I.
Identify a true statement about the English system of measurement - it is used by every other country except the United States - it entails only four base units-the meter, the kilogram, the second, and the degree Kelvin - specific units came largely from royal decrees - all units excepting those for time relate by factors of 10
Specific units cam largely from royal decrees
In the context of occupational biomechanics, identify the reasons for work-related low back pain. - reduced plantar flexion at the ankle - sudden and unexpected motions - unnatural postures - excessive knee flexion during stance
Sudden and unexpected motions Unnatural postures
The excessive knee flexion during stance in an individual with cerebral palsy is treated by ___ - limiting trunk motion - surgical lengthening of the hamstring tendons - reducing the strain on quadriceps tendon - surgically attaching the rectus femoris to hamstring tendons
Surgical lengthening of the hamstring tendons
In a baseball game, a catcher retrieved the ball 8 m from the plate and runs back toward the plate at a speed of 4m/s. As the catcher starts running, the base runner, who is traveling at a speed of 8 m/s, is 10 m from the plate. Who will reach the plate first? - use the formula time=distance*speed to determine the time taken by the base runner and the catcher to reach the plate: catcher: 32s; runner: 80s - the runner arrived at the home plate first by: 2-1.25=.75s - use the formula time=distance/speed to determine the time taken by the base runner and the catcher to reach the plate: catcher: 2s; runner: 1.25s - the catcher arrives at the home plate first by: 80-32=48s
The runner arrived at the home plate first by: 2-1.25=.75s Use the formula time=distance/speed to determine the time taken by the base runner and the catcher to reach the plate: catcher: 2s; runner: 1.25s
Informal problems: - they have a particular goal, answer, or desired finding - they have a goal that is unclear or not readily identifiable
They have a goal that is unclear or not readily identifiable
Formal problems: - they have a particular goal, answer, or desired finding - they have a goal that is unclear or not readily identifiable
They have a particular goal, answer, or desired finding
T/F: Wind tunnel experiments have been conducted to identify optimal body configuration during events such as ski jumping
True
In osteoporosis, the most common fracture sire is the ___ - wrist - ankle - vertebrae - hip
Vertebrae
Numerous innovations in sport equipment and apparel have resulted from finding of experiments conducted in experimental chambers that involved controlled simulation of the air resistance actually encountered during particular sports. These chambers are called ... - cloud chambers - hyperbaric chambers - wind tunnels - carpal tunnels
Wind tunnels
Numerous innovations in sport equipment and apparel have resulted from findings of experiments conducted in experimental chambers that involved controlled stimulation of the air resistance actually encountered during particular sports. These chambers are called ___. - hyperbaric chambers - wind tunnels - cloud chambers - carpal tunnels
Wind tunnels
The branch of physics that analyzes the actions of forces on particles and mechanical systems is known as ___
mechanics
Andrew and Mark are playing basketball. Andrew runs toward the basket at a speed of 5 m/s from a distance of 15m. Mark runs toward the same basket at a speed of 6 m/s from a distance of 20 m. Who will reach the basket first? - andrew arrives at the basket first by: 120-75=45s - andrew arrives at the basket first by: 3.33-3-.33s - use the formula time=distance/speed to determine the time taken by andrew and mark to reach the basket andrew:3s; mark:3.33s - use the formula time=distance*speed to determine the time taken by Andrew and Mark to reach the basket andrew: 75s; mark: 120s
Andrew arrives at the basket first by: 3.33-3-.33s Use the formula time=distance/speed to determine the time taken by Andrew and mark to reach the basket andrew:3s; mark:3.33s
