KINE 250 midterm 1

Approximately how many Americans have no health insurance?

25 million

Sleep disorders can be diagnosed through a(n)

clinical sleep study

Which of the following hormones might contribute to the "Freshman 15"—the tendency to gain about 15 pounds during the first year of college?

cortisol

If you are concerned about the costs of health care, which of the following practices should you avoid?

using the emergency room for your routine health care

Which of the following contributed to increased life expectancy in the early twentieth century?

vaccinations and antibiotics

Insomnia is often characterized by

waking up frequently during the night.

All of the following are provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) EXCEPT coverage for

young adults on a parent's plan through age 30.

Although he is often dispirited, exhausted, and pessimistic, for the last few days Jirou has been studying, working out, and socializing with so much energy and enthusiasm that he has not had more than two or three hours of sleep each night. Jirou might be suffering from

bipolar disorder

Jane is sedentary and obese. What effect, if any, do these factors have on her health?

They impede her progress toward high-level wellness.

Missy is motivated to lose weight. She has begun taking a 30-minute walk every morning, has worked with a nutrition counselor to design a new diet, and on Monday will begin following new eating plan. According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change, Missy is in a stage of

action

Julia is extremely upset to discover a suggestive e-mail her boyfriend has sent to another woman. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome applies to this situation?

alarm

All of the following statements are true about traditional Western medical practice EXCEPT

all treatments have had the benefit of extensive clinical trials.

Mental illnesses characterized by ongoing worry and a sense of threat are

anxiety disorders

The term defensive medicine refers to actions taken to

avoid malpractice claims.

Rudy lives in a cheap apartment in a run-down building behind the train depot. He gets quite a few upper respiratory infections, and he suspects that these could be related to mold or other pollutants in the building or neighborhood. His recurrent illnesses are likely due to

background distressors.

Research suggests that anxiety disorders

can develop as a learned response to a recurrent stress-inducing situation.

A disease that begins slowly, progresses over a period of time, and that may resist treatment is a(n)

chronic disease

Which of the following factors plays a significant role in health disparities?

economic status

Celia spends a good deal of her time worrying, feels on edge, is easily fatigued, and often has difficulty concentrating, which is affecting her grades. Her symptoms may characterize

generalized anxiety disorder

During stage 4, a sleeping person releases which of the following hormones?

growth hormone

Of the following types of health care expenditures, the United States spends the most on

hospital care

The most common sleep disorder is

insomnia

Which of the following has been recommended as a method for managing stress?

keeping a journal to track your stressors, worries, and options

Once you have identified a target behavior that needs to change, your next step is to

learn more about the behavior, its effects, and possible obstacles.

a mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam would respond by

learning from the situation and improving study habits.

A sedentary lifestyle, overuse of caffeine, and risky sexual practices are examples of

modifiable determinants of health.

Approximately what percentage of Americans currently uses one or more prescription drugs?

nearly 70%

The use of functional foods and dietary supplements for therapeutic purposes is

one of the most controversial complementary health approaches.

Your primary care provider suspects that you may have an unusual infection in your eyes. To whom would he or she refer you?

ophthalmologist

An acute anxiety attack that brings on intense physical symptoms is a(n)

panic attack.

A payment made to an insurance company, usually on a monthly basis, to cover the cost of an insurance policy is the

premium

Taking positive action now to avoid becoming sick later is known as

prevention

A term used to encompass mental, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of health is

psychological

In traditional Chinese medicine, the vital energy force that courses through the body is

qi

Which form of energy medicine is derived from the Japanese words representing "universal" and "vital energy"?

reiki

A psychologically healthy person is

resilient.

Jose's belief that he can successfully pass his biology midterm is an example of

self-efficacy.

Based on a recent cholesterol screening, Marlon decided that he has to stop eating so much fast food and get more exercise. Between work and school, his free time is limited, but he is determined to lower his cholesterol level and improve his overall health. The BEST way for Marlon to stay motivated to improve his diet and work out regularly is to

set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them.

A network of people who share ties and provide various types of services for each other is

social support

Sean becomes very sleepy by late afternoon most days and thinks he should make time to fit in a nap. Before including a daily nap in his schedule, he should consider which of the following to ensure that he actually benefits from it?

the time of day and length of the nap

Americans are more likely now than several decades ago to use health approaches outside of mainstream Western medicine.

true

Cutting or self-mutilation can be a sign of borderline personality disorder.

true

Getting enough sleep may reduce a person's susceptibility to colds.

true

Health-related quality of life describes the impact of an individual's health on his or her daily functioning

true

If your PPO has an in-network coverage rate of 90 percent and an out-of-network coverage rate of 60 percent, this means that

you will be responsible for paying 40 percent of the costs associated with out-of-network services.

Psychologically healthy people

feel comfortable interacting with others

The results from an American College Health Association study indicate that most college students

feel tired or sleepy three or more days a week.

Which of the following characteristics of a Type A personality have been determined to most increase the risk for heart disease?

having a tendency toward anger, distrust, and cynicism

Chronic stress has a strong connection to all of the following medical conditions EXCEPT

hearing loss

Which strategy is used by many athletes to visualize the attainment of goals?

imagined rehearsal

Health promotion

includes policies, programs, and financial support for initiatives that promote health.

Emotional health can BEST be described as being able to

feel and express emotions appropriately.

Which of the following is TRUE about persistent depressive disorder?

It is a mild but chronic form of depression.

The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health serves as an information clearinghouse and conducts research and educational programs. The Center is part of which federal agency?

National Institutes of Health

According to the PERMA model, which of the following strategies is most likely to enhance your well-being?

Set realistic goals and pursue them with effort.

Soraya is trying to avoid running out of money every month. She has asked her employer to deposit her paycheck directly into her bank account. She has also cut back on expenses by eating out just once a week, driving her car as little as possible, and limiting visits to her favorite coffee shop. She has also put all discretionary purchases on her credit card so that she can pay for everything at the end of the month. What do you think she should do to avoid running out of money every month?

She should not use her credit card so much, but instead rely more on cash purchases.

Marcella has a persistent fear of social situations; she is suffering from

a phobia

Jason has three projects due next week. He is frustrated because everything is due at the same time and he doesn't believe it's possible to get all three projects finished. His solution is to forget about the projects and meet up with friends for a night out. Jason has

an external locus of control.

Which of the following is a major contributor to college students' lack of sleep?

electronic devices

The primary hormone responsible for physiological stress responses such as increased heart and breathing rates is

epinephrine.

The personality trait that involves the ability to adapt to a social situation and demonstrate assertiveness is known as

extroversion.

Cost sharing is one of the mechanisms private health care insurers use to help patients afford coverage.

false

Financial status has no relation to an individual's health.

false

More people turn to special diets as a complementary health approach than to dietary supplements and other natural products.

false

Multitasking is an effective time-management strategy.

false

REM sleep restores the body.

false

Self-efficacy is the same as self-esteem.

false

Spiritual health can only be achieved through an organized religion

false

The absence of disease or illness is the optimal description of health.

false

The wellness continuum ranges from a low point of beginning to experience some type of symptom to a high point of optimal health and well-being.

false

Due to the differences in training, an osteopathic physician would probably have more experience dealing with which condition than a medical doctor?

low back pain

Keeping in touch with your best friend from high school is one way of enhancing your social health

true

One of the goals of the Healthy People 2020 public health initiative is to create social and physical environments that promote health.

true

Requesting an x-ray when it is unnecessary but the patient demands it would be considered defensive medicine.

true

Social factors, biology and genetics, individual behavior, health services, and policymaking all combine to determine a person's health status.

true

Some research suggests that long-term exposure to high levels of stress hormones can increase the risk for Alzheimer's disease

true

Sometimes expressing anger assertively can be healthful

true

To reduce college costs, more than 40 percent of students live at home or with a relative.

true

You should seek expert medical care if you experience

unexplained sudden weight loss.

When applying the strategy of shaping to behavior change, one should

use small achievable steps to reach goals