Kinesiology Chapter 1
Accelerometers show an average _____ percent discrepancy.
15%, especially at walking speeds slower than 30 Minutes/Mile
It is recommended that a person accumulate ______ minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity weekly.
150, benefits increase until 3 to 5 times 150.
HDL cholesterol levels pop by _____ % in 1 hour of sitting.
20%, too much sitting speeds biological aging by 8 years, increase premature death by 50%
What percentage of U.S. adults 18 and over meet federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic and muscular fitness?
21.7%
Cancer causes...
23% of all deaths in the US
____________ deaths occur each year as a result of medical error
250,000
smoking accounts for
30% of all cancer deaths
The US ranks ___in the world for life expectancy
31, Japan is #1
What percentage of health care costs are wasteful/inefficent?
33%, 5% of people account for 50% of health care costs.
Life expectancy for a child at the beginning of the 20th century was...
47 Years
a healthy lifestyle adds...
5-6 years of a disability-free life
Men take an average ________ steps per day. Women take an average ________ steps per day.
6,000 , 5,300
Current life expectancy in US...
78.8 Years (76.3 for men, 81.2 for women)
On average, people spend ____ hours per day sitting.
8
____ of our health care dollars are spent on treatment and ____ are spent on prevention.
95, 5
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
A disease in which cholesterol and plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries that supply blood to the heart
cardiovascular disease
A general term for all diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
Health
A state of complete well-being not just the absence of disease or infirmity.
Exercise
A type of physical activity that requires planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movement with the intent of improving or maintaining one or more components of physical fitness. Ex: running, cycling, swimming.
Moderate Physical Activity
Activity that uses 150 calories of energy per day, or 1,000 calories per week
Physical activity
Bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure and produces progressive health benefits. Ex: taking the stirs, gardening, dancing.
The third leading cause of death is...
Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease, related mostly to tobacco use. prevented with a low fat/sodium, nutrient dense, physically active, non smoking.
hyperkinetic diseases
HYPO denotes "lack of"; therefore, illnesses related to a lack of physical activity.
If the worldwide inactivity rate went down 20%, _______ lives would be saved yearly
One Million
stroke
a condition in which a blood vessel that fees the brain is clogged, leading to blood flow disruption to the brain.
Morbidity
a condition related to or caused by illness or disease
Metabolic fitness can be achieved through
a moderate-intensity exercise program
From the ages 1 - 44
accidents are the leading cause of death, automobile being the leasing cause of death for 5-24 year olds
20% of deaths...
are linked to poor diet alone
BDNF
brain derived neurotrophic factor, strengthens connections between brain cells and repairs damage within them.
Leading cause of death in the US...
cardiovascular disease
Sedentary Death Syndrome (SeDS)
cause of deaths attributed to a lack of regular physical activity
heart attack
damage to an area of the myocardium (heart muscle) that is deprived of oxygen, usually due to blockage of a diseased coronary artery.
Sedentary
description of a person who is relatively inactive and whose lifestyle is characterized by a lot of sitting
nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
energy expended doing everyday activities not related to exercise
health-related fitness
fitness programs prescribed to improve the individual's overall health
3 Basic Factors that determine health/longevity.
genetics, environment, and our behavior
Physical Wellness
good physical fitness and confidence in your personal ability to take care of health problems
advances in modern technology
have almost completely eliminated the necessity for physical exertion in daily life.
1 in 4 adults in the US... and 50% have...
have at least 2 chronic conditions, diabetes or pre-diabetes
The ______ is one of the only parts of the adult brain where new cells can be generated.
hippocampus
Chronic Diseases
illnesses that develop as a result of an unhealthy lifestyle and last a long time
Risk Factors
lifestyle and genetic variables that may lead to disease
The largest drop in premature mortality is seen between...
low & moderate fitness groups
Life Expectancy
number of years a person is expected to live based on the person's birth year
7 out of 10 Americans die...
of preventable chronic diseases
7 dimensions of wellness
physical, emotional, mental, social, environmental, occupational, and spiritual
the most influential factor in fighting cancer today is...
prevention through health education programs
physical fitness
the ability to carry out daily tasks easily and have enough reserve energy for leisurely and recreational activities.
Wellness
the constant and deliberate effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential for well-being
In the US, physical inactivity is...
the second greatest threat to public health after tobacco
skeletal muscle
the type of muscle that powers body movement, responsible for 80% of glucose disposal
The "big five" factors
tobacco smoking, high blood pressure, overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, and high blood glucose. (1.5 Million/2.6 Million deaths in US)
obesity currently claims...
triple the number of victims as malnutrition
Alcohol
~ #1 overall cause of accidents ~ half of accidental deaths/suicides ~ leading cause of fatal automobile accidents, taking 30 lives in the US daily.
Accidents
~ 4th leading cause of death, especially before age 44 ~ 15% of people do not buckle up, account for 50% of fatalities ~ distraction/alcohol cause driver to enter wrong lane or not yield ~ 50% of deaths from intoxication ~ 6-10 teen accidents from driver distraction