Lab Manual Ch. 15- Head & Neck

Hyoid Bone

A horse-shoe shaped bone at the base of the tongue; the only bone in the body not directly attached to another bone.

Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome

A major cause of chronic headaches.

Sublingual Gland

A salivary gland on either side of the tongue.

While assessign an adult client's skull, the nurse observes that the client's skull and facial bones are larger and thicker than usual. The nurse should assess the client for ___________.

Acromegaly.

To assess a client's thyroid gland the nurse should plan to ________.

Approach the client posteriorly.

Vertebra Prominens

Cervical Vertebra (C7) that can be easily palpated when the neck is flexed.

Lymph Nodes

Filter lymph, a clear substance composed mostly of excess tissue fluid, after the lymphatic vessels collect it but before it returns to the vascular system. Thsi removes bacteria and tumor cells from lymph. The size of most lymph nodes is less than 1cm long and buried deep in the connective tissue. They should be nonpalpable in normal situations.

Hyperthyroidism Vs. Hypothyroidism

HYPERthyroidism: insomnia, thinning hair, palpatations, weight loss. HYPOthyroidism: Insomnia, thickening of skin and nails, decreased energy levels, constipation.

The face consists of what 14 bones?

Maxilla Zygomatic Nasal Lacrimal Palatine Vomer Mandible Inferior Conchae

Lumps and Lesions that do not heal

May suggest cancer.

A client visits the oupatient center with a complaint of sudden head and neck pain and stiffness. The client's oral temperature is 100*. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing symptoms of ________.

Meningeal Irritation.

While assessing an adult client's skull, the nurse observes that the client's skull bones are acorn shaped and enlarged. The nurse should refer the client to a physician for possible __________.

Paget's disease.

Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

Paired muscles that allow movement and provide support to the head and neck.

Cricoid Cartilage

Ring-like cartilage forming the lower and back part of the larynx.

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Sharp, shooting, piercing facial pains that last from seconds to minutes.

When assessing the lymph nodes the nurse should instruct the patient to _________.

Sit in an upright position.

Cranial nerve XI

Spinal accessory nerve-contraction of trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles, allows shrugging of shoulders and turning the head against resistance.

Meningeal Inflammation

Sudden head and neck pain with an increased temperature and stiffness.

To inspect movement of the client's thyroid gland, the nurse should ask the client to _____.

Swallow a small sip of water.

Trachea

The air passage extending from the throat and larynx to the main bronchi.

Thyroid Gland

The largest fo the endocrine glands, situated in the fronts and the sides of the neck just below the thyroid cartilage. It increases the metabolic rate of most body cells.

The mandible bone.

The only facial bone that is movable, it has free movement.

Adam's Apple

The thyroid cartilage located just above the cricoid cartilage.

While assessing the head and neck of an adult client, the client tells the nurse that she has been experiencing sharp shooting facial pains that last from 10 to 20 seconds but are occuring more frequently. The nurse should refer the patient for possible _____________.

Trigeminal Neuralgia.

An older client visits the clinic accompanied by his daughter. The daughter tells the nurse that her father has been experiencing severe headaches that usually begin in the mornings and become worse when he coughs. The client tells the nurse that he feels dizzy when he has the headaches. The nurse refers the client for further evaluation because these symptoms are characteristics of _________________.

Tumor-related Headaches.

Mononucleosis Vs. Cancer in lymph nodes

In mononucleosis the lymph nodes swell and are painful in cancer they swell but may not be painful.

The nurse observes assymetry in front of the client's earlobes. The nurse refers the client to a physician becaus e the nurse knows the client is most likely experiencing a ________.

Parotid Gland Enlargement.

The nurse is preparing to perform a head and neck assessment of an adult client who has immigrated to the united states from Cambodia. Th nurse shoudl first _________.

Ask the client if touching the head is permissable.

An adult client visits the clinic and tells th nurse that she has had headaches recentlythat are intense and stabbing and often occur in the late evening, The nurse should document the presence of ______________.

Cluster Headaches.

The cranium (head) consists of what 8 bones?

Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital Spenoid Ethmoid

A female client visists the clinic and tells the nurse that she frequently experiences severe recurring headaches that sometimes last for several days and are accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The nurse determines that the type of headache the client is describing is a _________.

Migraine Headache.

The nurse observes that a client's trachea is pulled to the left side. the nurse should __________________.

Refer the client to a physician for further evaluation.

Parotid Gland

The largest of the three main parts of the salivary glands, located on either side of the face, just below and infront of the ears.

The nurse assesses an adult client's head and neck. While examining the carotid arteries, the nurse assesses each artery individually to prevent a _______________.

Reduction of blood supply to the brain.

A client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that he is depressed because of a recent job loss. He complains of dull, aching, tight, and diffuse headaches that have lasted for several days. The nurse shoudl document the clients __________.

Tension Headache.