Language Arts and Reading - FTCE Elementary Education K-6

The representation of consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words or syllables, usually the beginning sound but not always.

Alliteration

Two or more words or syllables, near each other, with the same beginning consonant.

Alliteration

A detailed and sometimes lengthy comparison of two ideas or events.

Analogy

The point of view is vital to comprehension for writing the text that could be explained, inform, persuade, or entertain.

Author's Purpose

People or animals in a story, novel, or play.

Characters

The point of highest dramatic interest or a turning point in the story.

Climax

Children in this stage will understand the basic concepts of print. They are learning more sight words, and will begin to employ various problem- solving strategies while reading. The books children read at this stage should assist in building vocabulary, and contain more advanced language structures. At this stage, it is appropriate for the illustrations to be less leading and supportive of the text.

Early stage

Proofreading the draft for misspelled words, grammatical and mechanical errors; focus is on the mechanics (punctuation, sentence fragments, capitalization, etc.)

Editing

The children's literature genre csme into its own in the

Eighteenth century

Children in this stage are just entering the world of reading and writing. Children at this stage are beginning to learn basic print concepts and simple reading strategies. They often engage in "pretend" reading. Children at this stage need books with text that possess repetition and predictability. The illustrations in these books should support the text, so that the child can follow the storyline.

Emergent Stage

Writing that gives information, explains why or how , clarifies a process, or defines a concept

Expository

The National Reading Panel identified five critical areas for success in reading. They

F is for fulency p is for Phonics p is for Phoneme Awareness r is reading comprehenhension v is for vocabulary

A piece of information that is true and accurate

Fact and Opinion

Children in this stage have mastered various reading strategies, and concepts of print. Books given to children in this stage should promote independent reading, aim at allowing the child to derive meaning through more complex stories, and encourage the child's enjoyment of reading.

Fluency Stage

Accuracy, rate, prosody, and automaticity are all components of reading ___________.

Fulency

A phase of word recognition in elementary age students that refers to the letter-sound relationship is

Graphophonemic

An exaggeration used to emphasize a point.

Hyperbole

Often referred to as "reading between the lines" or making meaning from the implied or underlying theme/point of the text. Merging what is already known about the topic to the new information being presented.

Inference

Phonological Awareness involves

Prerequisite for spelling and phonics, Activities done with eyes closed, and starting before letter recognition is taught.

Activating prior knowledge, gathering and organizing ideas; may include brainstorming a list of ideas and researching/reading about a topic; may include deciding upon the intended message.

Prewriting

Sharing a final product

Publishing

What indicates that a students is a fluent reader?

Reads texts with expression or prosody.

Refining and clarifying the draft; focus is on meaning and future developing the writing piece

Revising

Focuses on any meaning a student derives from a sentence that is primarily based on prior knowledge or previous experiences ... If you were using this cuing system, you would want to make sure that the student can identify sentences that make sense and those that do not.

Semantic

Where the story takes place

Setting

A hyperbole is an exaggerated statement used for effect and is not meant to be taken literally. Which of the following is a hyperbole?

She must have weighted 1000 pounds!

A fable, a category of folklore, is defined as

a story with a moral.

An example of of visual; media is

an online article

Which of the following is a transition word a student should use when writing about cause and effect?

because

What stage of writing process could be enhanced by six trait

brainstorming, revision and edit

The peak of a story is known as the

climax.

Questioning and retelling enhance communication skills among students in the classroom. What critical reading skill is most enhanced by these strategies?

comprehension, listening, and speaking skills are all enhanced by questioning and retelling.

A kindergarten teacher is modeling how words on page are read from left to right and top to bottom, using a pointer and a big book. What is the focus of this of this lesson?

concepts of print

What are common difficulties in early childhood literacy programs?

difficulty maintaining concentration, frustration understanding text and limited vocabulary.

During what stage of reading have students mastered basic concepts of print and are beginning to use various strategies for problem solving in reading?

early

During what stage of reading have students mastered basic concepts of print and are beginning to use various strategies for problem solving in reading?

edit

Which of the following would be considered a primary source?

first testimony

At the beginning of the school year, Leila, a first-grade student, made approximations while reading. However, by the middle of the year, she was pointing to each word on the page as she read the book. What concept of print is Leila exhibiting?

voice-to-print match

A comparison using like or as

Simile

Writing conventions include such mechanics such as

Spelling, punctuation, capitalization and grammar.

The vocabulary and syntax the author uses to create a story. The appearance of the words on the page.

Style

Providing the reader with vital information needed to synthesize and summarize what is being read.

Supporting Details and Facts

Focuses on the structure of the sentence. It also relates to how language works... If you were using this cuing system you would want to make sure that the student could identify if the sentence sounded correct.

Syntactic Cuing System

The arrangement and relationship of words in sentences or sentence structure best describes

Syntax

The subject or central idea of the story.

Theme

"Talking to the text" is also known as a strategy called

Think Aloud

Creating mental pictures in one's mind about the content of the reading.

Visualize

Which of the following is a web-based activity that could take place in the classroom?

Wiki page which are mini web pages that allow for collaboration opportunities to post, add, and edit a variety of content related to a specific topic of study or group project.

Transfer of ideas to paper; focus on getting all thoughts down (content) rather than on spelling, grammar, and mechanics

Drafting

A comparison of two distinctly different things suggesting a similarity between them.

Metaphor

The mode of writing reveals the purpose of the writing as well as the intended audience

Narative, Persuasive, descriptive, expository, informal, and creative

Writing that recounts a personal or fictional experience or tells a story based on a real or imagined event.

Narrative

The use of words with sounds that reinforce their meaning (that is, smash, band, boom)

Onomatopoeia

Giving human qualities to a thing or abstraction.

Personification

Writing that attempts to convince the reader that a point of view is valid or that the reader should take a specific action

Persuasive

The smallest units of sounds spoken words

Phonemes

Most complex level of phonological awareness and involves blending, segmentation, and manipulating individual phonemes. Refers to the knowledge that words are made up of sounds, syllables, 'onsets and rimes,' and phonemes.

Phonemic awareness

The study of how spelling represents sound; also involves an instructional approach that that focuses on how sounds in spoken language are represented by letters in the written language

Phonics

The knowledge about the sound structure of language, which includes the ability to distinguish parts of speech by hearing the words. Is the ability to hear the sounds and distinguish.

Phonological awareness

The events that take place in a story; often includes a climax and resolution.

Plot

A way of looking at something

Point of View

What question might you ask to assist a student in using the semantic cueing system?

Does that make sense?

The end of the summation of a reading selection.

Conclusion

To encode is to

Construct meaning from a code.

The Florida Comprehensive Assessment test (FCAT) is a

Criterion-reference test

Writing that attempts to convince the reader that a point of view is valid or that the reader should take a specific action

Descriptive

Using words that mean the opposite of what the author intends.

Irony

Small group of students talking about a book they are reading are called

Literature Circles

Various supporting details in the text

Main Idea

In the classic folklore story story, The Tree Billy Goat Gruff, the goat trip-trap, trip-trap over the bridge. What literary device describes the use of the words, trip trap?

onomatopoeia

Knowledge of individual words in sentences, syllables, onset-rime segments and the awareness of individual phonemes in words is known as

phonological awareness

When a student attempts to synthesize what has been read, they are

predicting and drawing conclusions.

Where can you easily access a wide array of multicultural literature, free of charge, for use in your elementary classroom?

school library

What cueing system focuses on meaning that is associated with language through prior knowledge and experience?

semantic

To decode is to

sound out printed sequence of letters.

In order to communicate in writing,penmanship must be legible handwriting?

spacing, letter formation and letter alignment.

If a student has a poor vocabulary the teacher should recommend that

the student read newspapers, magazines, and books on a regular basis.

Middle and high school students are more receptive to studying grammar and syntax

through application to their own writing.

The purpose of anecdotal notes is

to observer students while they work and record the observations for later study.