Large Animal Ch 6
Beef cattle flight zone range is ___- ___ feet
15-25
How long are piglets allowed with their mother
3 weeks or 21 days
A pigs squeal can reach up to _____ decibels
130
What types of human injury could take place ?
Bites, kicks, crush injuries
What is the right side known as on a horse?
Far Side
In lateral recumbency, hold a foals leg proximal to the _____ or ______ region
Carpus or tarsal
What some different types of Bovine capture and restraint?
Corral or other enclosure, Halter Head gate or head catch Squeeze Chute Head lock Tail Restraint and tail jack Foot control and restraint Casting cows
When horses kick straight back with one or both legs this is called
Double Barrel kick (both legs)
_______ Are typically not aggressive
Horses
_______ are obligate nasal breathers
Horses
____ and ______ can display aggression by biting
Horses and swine
_______ used on horses should not utilize short, forceful jerks to the chain
Lip shanks
The ______ is the part of the animal that if you took a step in either direction, the animal would move to the opposite direction
Point of balance
What are the indications for Restraint?
To control an animal so that it can receive medical care, To protect the animal from injury during Tx procedures, To protect Personnel, To protect practice owners from liability
It's best to use the _____ amount of restraint possible
least
The rope should always be on the ____ side of the cow
left
When lifting a foreleg to restrain a horse, rotate and face _____ with both hands supporting the foreleg.
forward
Physical restraint includes the use of ____ and ______
halters and lead ropes
Anything bigger than an ____ is considered a cyst on the ovary and can make the cow want to breed consistently
inch
Do not move a foal by the _____
tail
What is the reversal for Xylazine?
yohimbine
Never grab the wool or hair of a ________
small ruminant
The general flight zone of cattle is _____ to _____ feet
0-25
Piglets younger than ______ often weigh 3-5lbs and can be grasped by the thorax
1 week
The normal flight distance of most horses is ______ and _____ feet
10 , 30
What is the normal temp of a sheep ?
101-103F
What length of rope do you want for rope restraint?
2 ft
Work sheep, goats and camelids in groups of ____ to ____animals
3-4
Horses have ___ to _____ degrees binocular vision
60- 70
Adult dairy cattle tend to have smaller flight zones _____ to _____ feet
5-10
Pigs will move in a group of ____ or _____ and have a lesser hearing instinct
5-6
Hearing loss can be reached at _____ decibels
85
approximately -______% of lameness in cattle occur in the back feet
90%
What is a tub?
A big area for corralling the animals
What are some common drugs used for chemical restraint of horses ?
Ace, butorphanol ,detomidine, xylazine
What is the best way to restrain a camelid?
Apply ear pressure, Use miniature pony halter
Which 3 breeds tend to be more " Nervous"?
Arabians, Thoroughbreds, American Saddlebreds
You can grasp the beard of a goat for head restraint but is usually not done why?
Because they urinate on their beards
Halters used for anesthesia are usually made of _____ or _____
Burlap or Nylon
It is important for a handler to maintain _____ with the horse
Contact
When horses kick to the side this is called a ________
Cow kick
Grabbing the skin of the neck just _____ to the should and rolling it around the clenched fist is an appropriate restraint technique on a _______. This is better than grabbing an ear
Cranial Haltered horse
What type of cattle tend to be more socialized
Dairy
Where are a horses 2 blind spots ?
Directly In front and behind
_____ is the range of space in which the animal feels safe
Flight zone
What is on the left side of the pig that prevents us from wanting to draw blood?
Frenic nerve, causes paralysis of diaphragm and then death
______ will head butt as a display of aggression
Goats
For noninvasive procedures such as grooming, what can you use?
Ground tie, Cross tie or tie to a ring in the stall
____ and ____ are most common sources of equine capture
Halter and lead rope
What are the 4 different types of Equine capture?
Halter, Lead Rope, Diversionary restraint, Chemical Restraint
A ______ is one of the most common restraint devices
Hog snare
the ____ is accomplished by grasping the cow tail 6-10 inches from the tail head and pushing straight up
Jack tail
Where should we ideally approach a horses?
In front of left front shoulder ( Nearside )
What types of animal injury could happen?
Injury from capture/ restraint, nails, broken boards, wire ect
You can use the ______ of a horse for a restraint device for a short period of time
Mane
It is important to capture the _____ first and the ______ second
Mare, foal
This device consists of a wooden handle and a chain loop or a rope loop. What is it called?
Mechanical Twitch
What is the most common twitch ?
Mechanical Twitch - Wooden Handle and rope loop
What should you never do when a cow is in a head gate?
Never place your hand on top of the head, this is a good way to break a finger
What does the halter consist of ?
Noseband, connecting strap, throat latch piece, cheek piece, crown piece, buckle/snap
Why is it not smart to grab a juveniles halter when restraint?
Not as broke in, not as tame
Where is Tilmycosin given on the cow? (Very Toxic to humans)
Over the ribs
_____ can't sweat
Pigs
_______ is used to guide pigs
Pig board
The key to successful restraint is to ______________
Reduce the animal stress
What side do you bleed pigs off of ?
Right side
What 3 materials can chain shanks be made of ?
Rope, Nylon or leather
_______ Can also be used to capture sheep and goats
Shepherds hook
The flight zone of all animals is the _________ and is also called the point of balance
Shoulders
Fighting pigs can be separated by using a ___________
Sorting panel
_____ are vertical metal or wooden pillars arranged in a rectangular shape and connected by horizontal bars designed to restrain horses and cattle that stand in them
Stocks
When horses use their front legs to kick, this is known as _________
Striking
When capturing a foal, grab them where?
Under the neck?
Where are horses at on the food chain?
Very low, close to the bottom
Which goes first , xylazine or ketamine for horses ?
Xylazine first , ketamine second
Horses are excellent at interpreting _________
Your body language
How often does a cow go into heat
every 21-23 days
A lead rope around the neck provides _____ restraint
minimal
If tying a horses tail, it should only be tied to the horses body particularly the ________ region
neck
It is important to _______ animals before you approach them
observe
Placing a blanket over ______ will generally make them back up
pigs
A ruminant in lateral recumbency should be placed on its _____ side if possible
right
Normal foal behavior?
running behind the mare for protection, The handler needs to approach from the side of the foal farthest from the foal.
The _____ is the point of balance for the cow
shoulder
A newly anesthetized colt should be _____ to determine depth of anesthesia
slapped
Cows have very poor _____ vision
vertical
