Leadership and Management Chapter 1
Five basic practices in transformational leadership
1. Challenging the process, questioning the ways that things have always been done, and creatively thinking of new ways of doing things. 2. Motivating and inspiring shared vision or bringing everyone together, moving toward the shared goal. 3. Empowering others to act. 4. Modeling change. 5. Praising the employee for the work done.
Four core components of tranformational leadership
1. Idealized Influence (II) 2. Inspirational Motivation (IM) 3. Intellectual Stimulation (IS) 4. Individualized Consideration (IC)
Six functions of managment
1. Planning 2. Staffing 3. Oraganizing 4. Directing 5. Controlling 6. Decision Making
Leadership
Ability to influence people to work toward the meeting of stated goals
Management
Act of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling for the present; process of coordinating actions and allocating resources to achieve organizational goals
The management process consists of all of the following five phases EXCEPT A. budgeting. B. identification of needs. C. planning D. organization and direction. E. identification of resources.
Ans: A. Budgeting is not part of the five phases of the management process.
A new nurse is interviewed at a facility where various models of patient care delivery are used. The nurse is interested in developing clinical decision-making skills. After the interview, the nurse determines the best position for enhancing those skills is the unit that uses which of the following models? A. Primary nursing B. Team nursing C. Functional nursing D. Case management
Ans: A. In primary nursing, clinical decision making is focused at the bedside by the nurse administering the care. The other options are a patient care delivery model whose focus is not bedside decision making
The following traits are seen in a leader EXCEPT A. they are present oriented. B. they empower others to set and achieve organizational goals. C. they are visionary. D. they focus on purposes.
Ans: A. Option A is correct because all leaders are future oriented, not present oriented. The other options are leader traits.
After attending a nursing management course, a student nurse understands that the most effective managers must A. develop communication and interpersonal skills. B. periodically promote nurses based on time employed by agency. C. promote the use of self-scheduling. D. develop methods for patient satisfaction.
Ans: A. Option A is essential as a manager to communicate with staff and therefore either should possess or acquire these skills. The other options are not examples of effective management.
Leader comptencies are a necessary aspect of a leader's role. As a leader, you are aware that the following is needed for this role: A. A clear vision and owned purpose B. A pessimistic attitude with colleagues C. A negative approach with families D. A membership with more than three committees
Ans: A. A clear vision and owned purpose
Ruiz (1997) defines the "four agreements" that leaders must make with themselves. They are as follows: A. Be impeccable with your word, take nothing personally, make no assumptions, and always do your best, no more and no less B. Be impeccable with your actions, take nothing personally, make no assumptions, and always do your best, no more and no less C. Be impeccable with your word, take nothing personally, make assumptions, and always do your best, no more and no less D. Be impeccable with your word, take nothing personally, make no assumptions, and be appreciative of your staff
Ans: A. Be impeccable with your word, take nothing personally, make no assumptions, and always do your best, no more and no less
You are mentoring a new nurse. You know that which of the following is NOT a mentor's responsibility? A. Discuss means to correct chronic tardiness B. Offer criticism on nursing skills C. Perform a nurse's probation period review D. Evaluate the nurse's exact break and lunch times
Ans: A. Discuss means to correct chronic tardiness
The vice president of nursing is responsible for: A. Establishing organizational goals and strategic plans for nursing B. Developing and maintaining daily assignments C. Prioritizing events during disaster plan implementation D. Overseeing the mission and vision of the organization
Ans: A. Establishing organizational goals and strategic plans for nursing
The four skill sets needed by good leaders are: A. Self-awareness, Self-management, Social awareness, and relationship management B. Self-awareness, Self-managment, Social control, and relationship management C. Self-awareness, Self-control, Social awareness, and relationship managment D. Self-awareness, Self-management, Social awareness, and relationship performance
Ans: A. Self-awareness, Self-management, Social awareness, and relationship management
The student nurse is shadowing on a medical/surgical unit and observes the duties of the charge nurse. Which of the following would the student identify as qualities attributed to a nurse in a management role? (Select all that apply.) A. Arranges time schedule so that all staff can attend their mandatory skills day B. Councils a staff member regarding personal family issues C. Attends organizational meetings for the surgical service D. Counsels a UAP after arriving late for work the third time that week E. Participates in delivering care to a client who has returned from the recovery room F. Speaks with family members who are concerned about extended care for their family member
Ans: A.,B., C., D. Managers' responsibilities include the daily running of the unit which encompasses the first four options. Options E and F are tasks that a leader would perform.
Which of the following is NOT an example of the behavioral theory of leadership? A. Democratic leader B. Republican leader C. Laissez faire leader D. Bureaucratic leader
Ans: B. Republican is a political party not a behavioral characteristic. The others are behavioral characteristics.
An agency nurse is assigned to work on a unit that uses the team nursing model of health care delivery. The nurse understands that the advantage to patient care delivery in this model is that the nurse A. must make all patient care decisions. B. can delegate patient care to other team members. C. begins working on discharge plans at the time of admission. D. administers all medications to the team patients.
Ans: B. The advantage to the team nursing patient care delivery model is that UAPs are used to assist the RN and tasks can be delegated to them. The other options are examples of the primary nursing delivery model.
The student nurse is shadowing on a medical/surgical unit and observes the duties of the charge nurse. Which of the following would the student identify as a quality attributed to a nurse in a leadership role? A. Delays admission from emergency department until staff has appropriately educated a newly diagnosed diabetic patient on insulin administration. B. Spends time with a newly diagnosed lung cancer patient to allow him to communicate his future health concerns. C. Reevaluates staffing needs after one RN "calls in sick." D. Counsels a UAP (unlicensed assistive personnel) after arriving late for work the third time that week.
Ans: B. Leaders "do the right thing" and therefore focus on effectiveness, whereas a manager focuses on efficiencies. The other options are responsibilities taken by managers who focus on "doing things right."
There are four core components of transformational leadership. Which one is one of the four core components? A. Emotional Stimulation (EI) B. Spiritual Motivation (SM) C. Idealized Influence (II) D. Individualized Courtesy (IC)
Ans: C. Idealized Influence is one of the four core components of transformational leadership. Intellectual Stimulation, Inspirational Motivation, and Individualized Consideration are additional components of transformational leadership.
Key tasks that the care manager may perform including all of the following EXCEPT A. deal with personal issues arising during a shift. B. use resources efficiently. C. observe whether unit policies and objectives are meeting the needs of the patients and staff. D. perform staff evaluations.
Ans: C. Option C is a task for the middle-level manager. The other options are tasks of the care manager.
A patient tells the day shift nurse that the night shift did not answer her call light for over an hour. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate when practicing in a primary nurse delivery model? A. "The night shift staff must care for more patients than does the day shift." B. "I will notify my charge nurse." C. "I will answer your call light promptly today." D. "I will be sure the UAP is doing her job."
Ans: C. Option C is correct because the nurse works autonomously in the primary nurse delivery model. The other options are incorrect because they indicate other or no delivery care models.
Transformational leadership is a leadership theory used in nursing practice. The nurse understands that the type of nursing practiced in this environment would be most beneficial to A. financial compensation. B. tuition reimbursement. C. personal empowerment. D. best practice.
Ans: C. Personal empowerment is a basic component of transformational leadership. Options A, B, and D are not necessarily a component of transformational leadership.
Which of the following is NOT the middle-level manager's responsibility? A. People within the departments they supervise B. Liaison between upper management and first-level manager C. Establishment of organizational goals D. Activities within the departments they supervise
Ans: C. Establishment of organizational goals
One main difference between an ideal leader and an organization-focused manager is that an: A. Ideal leader maintains the status quo B. Organization-focused manager is creative C. Ideal leader is a risk taker D. Organization-focused manager is a visionary
Ans: C. Ideal leader is a risk taker
The middle-level manager: A. Makes hospita-wide decisions B. Supervises a number of upper-level managers C. Is responsible for the people and activities on 24-hours-a-day/7-days-a-week basis D. Is responsible for their specific shift only
Ans: C. Is responsible for the people and activities on 24-hours-a-day/7-days-a-week basis
As a nurse, you are aware that one element that is common to the nursing process and the management process is: A. Identification of needs B. Identification of resources C. Planning D. Control
Ans: C. Planning
The nurse manger on the labor and delivery unit evaluates that one of the staff nurses has leadership qualities. Which of the following is a basis for this judgment? A. The nurse works overtime every week. B. The nurse stays long after her shift is over to chart. C. The nurse uses a monthly forum to review current knowledge content. D. The nurse uses a negative approach when evaluating staff skills.
Ans: C. The nurse uses a monthly forum to review current knowledge content
In a primary care delivery model, which of the following would be an expected assignment for a staff member for the day? A. Two UAPs taking vital signs and blood sugars on all patients B. Two LPNs administering medications to all patients C. RN verifies new order for patient started on Lopressor (metoprolol) with a history of asthma. D. RN holds morning dose of Lopressor (metoprolol) on a patient scheduled for an exercise stress test today.
Ans: D. In a primary care delivery model, the nurse acts autonomously. Options A and B indicate functional nursing. Option C should be seen in any delivery system.
Which of the following is NOT a task or responsibility of the first-level manager? A. Staff assignments for patient care during shifts B. Conducting staff meetings C. Making daily patient rounds D. Initiate changes to unit policies based on current evidence
Ans: D. Initiating change to the unit policies based on current evidence is done by the middle-level manage. The other options describe tasks of the first-level manager.
A patient tells the day shift nurse that the night shift did not answer her call light for over an hour. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate when practicing in a functional nurse delivery model? A. "The night shift staff must care for more patients than does the day shift." B. "I will notify my charge nurse." C. "I will answer your call light promptly today." D. "I will speak to the individual privately."
Ans: D. Option D is correct because in a functional model, each staff member is assigned one task for all patients. The other options may be seen in other or no models of care delivery.
Permissive or laissez faire Leaders
Assume that people are able to make their own decisions and complete their work without any facilitation of the leader.
Autocratic Leaders
Change behaviors within the organization through the use of coercion, authority, punishment, and power.
Democratic Leaders
Influence change within the organization through participation, involvement,of staff in goal setting, and collaboration.
Bureaucratic Leaders
Influence the behavior of the organization through organizational policies and rules.
First-level Manager
Manager responsible for supervising for supervising nonmanagerial personnel and day-to-day activities of specific work units
Middle-level Manager
Manager who supervises first-level managers within a specified area and is responsible for the people and activities within those areas; generally acts as a liaison between first-level managers and upper-level management
Upper-level Manager
Top level to whom middle manager reports; primarily responsible for establishing organizational goals and strategic plans for entire division of nursing
