Leadership Exam 1

Mumford's research studied military personnel rather than business leaders. True False

True

Which study resulted in viewing task and relationship behaviors on two intersecting axes? a. Blake and Mouton b. Stogdill and Zacaro c. Michigan studies d. Ohio State studies

a. Blake and Mouton

Katz describes human skills as ______. a. being aware of the perspective of others on issues b. the trait of high extraversion c. ability to shape the strategic ideas of an organization d. competency with the process or product within a company

a. being aware of the perspective of others on issues

Which of the following is not a task-focused leader behavior? a. consideration b. production orientation c. facilitating goal accomplishment d. initiating structure

a. consideration

In the first few decades of the 20th century, leadership definitions centered on the notion of ______. a. domination b. relationships c. personality d. process

a. domination

The two leadership outcomes outlined in the skills model are ______. a. effective problem solving and performance b. problem-solving skills and cognitive ability c. knowledge and social judgment skills d. motivation and personality

a. effective problem solving and performance

The environmental influences listed are all external, with the exception of ______. a. highly competent employees b. federal government policy change c. closure of major supplier d. hurricane damage

a. highly competent employees

One key to emerging as a leader ______. a. is to be perceived by others as likable and knowledgeable b. is to avoid listening to opposing opinions c. is to be perceived by others as commanding and dominant d. is to be forceful in asserting your opinions

a. is to be perceived by others as likable and knowledgeable

Which leadership style, according to Blake and Mouton, includes rewards and approval for people in return for their loyalty and obedience? a. paternalism/maternalism b. middle-of-the-road c. opportunism d. authority compliance

a. paternalism/maternalism

Skills approach helps us best identify our ______. a. strengths and weaknesses b. performance as a leader c. outcomes of leadership d. place within an organization

a. strengths and weaknesses

According to Katz's skills model, which two skills are most important for supervisory- (low-) level managers to be successful leaders? a. technical skill and human skill b. all three skills are equally important for supervisory level management c. human skill and conceptual skill d. technical skill and conceptual skill

a. technical skill and human skill

Although there are clear differences between management and leadership, ______. a. the two constructs overlap b. management is more valued than leadership c. leadership is more valued than management d. there is little research to support one or the other

a. the two constructs overlap

Which point on the Leadership Grid is proven to consistently be the best form of leadership? a. there is no best style b. authority compliance c. team behaviors d. middle-of-the-road

a. there is no best style

Which research group labeled task behaviors "initiating structure"? a. Michigan studies b. Ohio State studies c. Blake and Mouton d. Stogdill and Zacaro

b. Ohio State studies

______ is one of the five major leadership traits that focuses on a leader's inclination to seek out pleasant social relationships. a. Intelligence b. Sociability c. Extraversion d. Agreeableness

b. Sociability

______ is described as those abilities to understand one's own and others feelings, behaviors and thoughts and to act appropriately. a. Emotional intelligence b. Social intelligence c. Great Man theory d. Big Five personalities

b. Social intelligence

Problem solving is ______. a. a trait b. a competency c. an individual attribute d. a leader outcome

b. a competency

Mumford's skills model contends that leadership outcomes are the direct result of ______. a. a leader's sociability b. a leader's competencies c. a leader's willingness to lead d. a leader's career experiences

b. a leader's competencies

The Big Five personality factor that is weakly associated with leadership is ______. a. neuroticism b. agreeableness c. sociability d. conscientiousness

b. agreeableness

Which of the following is not a competency in the skills model? a. problem-solving skills b. cognitive ability c. knowledge d. social judgment skills

b. cognitive ability

Openness in the Big Five Personality Model is defined as ______ a. sociable, assertive, high energy b. curious, being informed, creativity c. organized, dependable, decisive d. accepting, trusting, nurturing

b. curious, being informed, creativity

The Ohio State studies identified the behaviors of consideration and initiating structure as ______. a. interdependent b. distinct and independent c. cause and effect d. high value and low value

b. distinct and independent

Birds hitting a plane on takeoff causing engine failure in flight is an example of what component of the skills model by Mumford? a. competencies b. environmental influence c. career experiences d. individual attributes

b. environmental influence

General cognitive ability is similar to which of the five leadership traits in this text? a. sociability b. intelligence c. extraversion d. dominance

b. intelligence

Paternalism/maternalism refers to a leader who ______. a. integrates task and relationship behaviors b. is a benevolent dictator c. is noncommittal d. is focused on selfish needs

b. is a benevolent dictator

The "natural leader" trait definition of leadership ______. a. can be learned b. is restricted to those with inborn talent, qualities, or characteristics c. is about developing leadership skills d. is about the interaction between leaders and followers

b. is restricted to those with inborn talent, qualities, or characteristics

Non-leadership is ______. a. sharing goal development with followers b. leadership that is focused on individual goals c. a relational interaction between a group of people toward common goals d. leadership that is focused on working with followers to achieve common goals

b. leadership that is focused on individual goals

The four key elements of the definition of leadership used in the text are ______. a. capability, competency, skill, relationship b. process, influence, group, goal c. trait, goal, emergent, expert d. values, ethics, process, performance

b. process, influence, group, goal

Leaders' power to provide pay raises and promotions is ______. a. legitimate b. reward c. referent d. coercive

b. reward

The University of Michigan studies explored how leadership functioned in ______. a. follower interactions b. small groups c. organizations d. dyadic relationships

b. small groups

A major criticism of the trait approach is ______. a. research on leadership traits is fairly new b. there is no definitive list of leadership traits c. it highlights the leader component in the leadership process d. its intuitive appeal

b. there is no definitive list of leadership traits

Ashlyn focuses her energy at her car manufacturing company on assessing market fluctuations and shaping the goals of the organization for the future. She communicates well with her staff and enjoys the social aspect of work with the people around her. She leaves the details and daily operations primarily to other capable staff in the organization. Applying Katz's skills model, at what level of management is Ashlyn? a. supervisory management b. top management c. low-level management d. middle management

b. top management

The behavioral approach describes ______. a. who leaders are b. what leaders do c. skills leaders possess d. traits leaders display

b. what leaders do

A process view of leadership means that ______. a. leadership cannot truly be observed b. capacity to lead others is an inborn trait c. anyone can learn leadership and emerge as a leader d. people with special characteristics are the ones who can engage in the leadership process

c. anyone can learn leadership and emerge as a leader

Which of the styles on Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid has low concern for interpersonal relationships and high concern for task accomplishment? a. middle of the road b. impoverished c. authority compliance d. country club

c. authority compliance

Persistence, dominance, and drive are characteristics of which trait? a. intelligence b. sociability c. determination d. extraversion

c. determination

Technical skills are the ______. a. ability to be behaviorally flexible b. ability to work with ideas c. ability to work cooperatively with others d. ability to work with things

d. ability to work with things

Who is responsible for the leadership process? a. leaders b. followers c. organizations d. followers and leaders

d. followers and leaders

Which of the following problem-solving skills can best be described as the ability to anticipate the implications of executing a plan? a. idea evaluation b. planning c. constraint analysis d. forecasting

d. forecasting

The essential ingredient in leadership is ______. a. intelligence b. expertise c. efficiency d. influence

d. influence

The trait approach is concerned with ______. a. leadership situations b. leadership skills c. follower attributes d. leader characteristics

d. leader characteristics

Which of the Big Five personality factors means the tendency to be anxious, vulnerable, or depressed? a. extraversion b. conscientiousness c. determination d. neuroticism

d. neuroticism

In Mumford's skills model, social judgment skill is defined as ______. a. the accumulation of information and the mental structures to organize the information b. intellectual ability learned or acquired over time c. creative ability to solve ill-defined organizational problems d. the capacity to understand people and social systems

d. the capacity to understand people and social systems