Leadership Final Exam ch. 14, 18, 19, 25, 6, 17, 5, 7, 27, 26, 31

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Which course of action would be most apt to help a demotivated nurse-manager with personal and professional renewal? a. Begin job hunting in a new field. b. Start practicing self-care. c. Take a management class. d. Reduce work hours whenever possible.

23. As a unit manager, you chair the unit meetings. For each meeting, you consider and establish the purpose of the meeting. Second, you prepare an agenda. Arranging the following steps in an order would make the meetings productive and successful. Select the correct order from the following options: 1. Distribute an agenda. 2. Distribute minutes. 3. Select team members. 4. Start on time. 5. Keep the meeting focused and directed toward accomplishing the set objectives.

3, 1, 4, 5, 2

Which characteristics define the Theory Y employee? Select all that apply. a. Needs only general supervision b. Avoids responsibility c. Has little ambition d. Must be directed e. Seeks responsibility

Which attribute plays a factor in intrinsic motivation? a. Gender b. Benefit c. Culture d. Salary

A nurse-manager recognizes the need to foster creativity among employees. What action will best promote creativity? a. Encourage regular turnover of employees. b. Hire young employees whenever possible. c. Demote employees who show a lack of creativity. d. Avoid micromanaging employees' behaviors.

Which aspect of care at a long-term care facility most clearly suggests that a functional model of care delivery is being used?

Registered nurses perform all assessments while unlicensed assistive personnel provide all feeding and hygiene.

17. At the end of a shift, the charge nurse shares with the new nurse she had done an excellent job with a difficult patient that day. The new nurse was upset by the way the family of the patient had treated her. She shared her feeling with the charge nurse. The charge nurse offered to change the assignment the following day. What is the charge nurse displaying? a. Emotional intelligence b. Comportment c. Compassion d. Management of conflict

a. Emotional intelligence

9. Which of the following will require greater attention in the future? a. Chronic disorders b. Obstetrical outcomes c. Prevention of hospital-based errors d. Team conflict resolution strategies

a. Chronic disorders

24. High levels of work-related stress affect which of the followings? (Select all that apply.) a. Job satisfaction b. Absenteeism and turnover c. Nurses' health d. Client welfare

a. Job satisfaction b. Absenteeism and turnover c. Nurses' health d. Client welfare

18. In developing curricula that will address needs based on forecasts for the future, nursing educators need to contemplate: (Select all that apply.) a. prevention strategies. b. leadership skills and knowledge. c. violence de-escalation strategies. d. strategies for job security.

a. prevention strategies. b. leadership skills and knowledge. c. violence de-escalation strategies.

8. The chief nursing officer develops a mentoring program to help new staff members adjust to their new jobs. The main purpose of mentoring is: a. promoting staff retention. b. promoting staff attrition. c. developing new role expectations. d. promoting staff supervision.

a. promoting staff retention.

1. What is employee behavior best reinforced by? A) Praise from a supervisor B) An increase in their pay C) A personally valued reward D) Threat of punishment

A nurse-manager sits on the hospital's board of directors and there has been repeated discussion about the possibility of changing the care delivery model. What action should be performed first? a. Elicit support from internal and external stakeholders. b. Perform a cost-benefit analysis of the major alternatives for care delivery. c. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of the current delivery model. d. Plan a pilot project where the delivery model will be changed on one subacute unit.

What is intrinsic motivation directly related to? A) Work environment B) External rewards C) Personal aspiration D) Completion of work

20. Professional associations: a. set regulatory requirements and establish entry requirements for nursing. b. offer graduate programs for clinical and career advancement. c. provide opportunities for career networking and support. d. are open to all individuals who meet the criteria for membership.

c. provide opportunities for career networking and support.

15. A cover letter and a résumé together should be no longer than ________ page(s). a. two b. one c. four d. three

d. three

What did Victor Vroom emphasize the importance of? a. Managers knowing each employee's expectation of reward b. Managers being honest with their employees c. Making sure that the employees' lower level needs are met d. Understanding that individuals react in a stimulus-response mode

According to Maslow, what statement best describes motivation? a. All needs have equal power in motivation. b. Unsatisfied needs trigger behavior. c. Lower level needs are less valued. d. Some individuals have hereditary needs.

The nurse-manager can apply Skinner's theory of motivation by performing what action? a. Assigning employees outcomes and having them decide how to achieve them b. Distributing rewards and punishments to influence behavior c. Forming individualized, collaborative relationships with employees d. Prioritize the role of financial rewards and incentives

The nurse manager believes that her employees are self-motivated, creative, and willing to take responsibility for their jobs. This belief represents: a. Maslow's hierarchy of needs. b. McGregor's Theory X. c. McGregor's Theory Y. d. Herzberg's two-factor theory.

What is one of the most powerful yet frequently overlooked or underused motivators that the manager can use to create a motivating climate? a. Continuing education b. Fair and objective punishments c. Positive reinforcement d. Adequate self-care

When attempting to create a work environment that includes appropriate and effective monetary incentives, the nurse-manager will initially address which issue? a. Whether incentives are traditionally used in the institution b. Whether the budget will allow for monetary rewards large enough to create incentive c. Whether the staff views monetary incentives as having the greatest value d. Whether other nurse-managers feel that monetary incentives are appropriate

Which of the following statements best describes an aspect of intrinsic motivation? a. It is within a person and is unalterable. b. It involves a quest for external rewards. c. It can be influenced by others. d. It is sufficient to motivate most workers.

Which statement is typically true of job satisfaction levels? a. They are generally higher for subordinates than for management staff. b. They decline as the level of participation in unit decision making increases. c. They are related to the degree of work life control subordinates perceive they have. d. They are fairly static given that unit cultures are traditionally very difficult to change.

A nurse-manager is applying the theory of Saul Gellerman to motivating employees. What action by the manager would best exemplify Gellerman's theory? a. Determining whether employees are achievement-oriented, affiliation-oriented, or power-oriented b. Allowing employees to be self-directed in their choice of tasks and schedules c. Providing constructive and positive feedback on a regular basis d. Occasionally assigning employees tasks that are more difficult than usual

According to McClelland, what motivates an achievement-oriented employee? a. The extrinsic rewards to be acquired b. A need to nurture others c. A need to have legitimate power over others d. The intrinsic need to be successful

What characteristic of a workplace is most likely to result in creativity and risk taking? a. There are frequent changes in management and supervision. b. There is a high proportion of recent nursing graduates. c. Employees have frequent performance appraisals with the manager. d. The employees feel empowered to advocate for change.

What did motivational theorist Victor Vroom state? a. Personal motivators could be separated from job satisfiers. b. People are motivated by three basic needs: achievement, affiliation, and power. c. A manager's assumptions about workers directly affect the intrinsic motivation of the workers. d. Employees' expectations about their work environment or an event will affect their behavior.

Which is the basic factor involving staff engagement and motivation, and its relationship with the achievement of unit-oriented goals? a. The autonomy the staff has to achieve the stated goals b. The input the staff has in establishing the unit goals c. The value the staff places on the stated unit goals d. The relationship staff has with their management

Which reward is an example of intrinsic motivation? a. The prized locker is awarded to the staff member voted "most helpful" by their peers. b. An extra vacation day is awarded for every 6 months a staff member has perfect attendance. c. The entire staff is treated to a pizza party each time the unit earns a client satisfaction award. d. A staff member is eager to obtain an advanced practice credential and is working toward this end.

24. Which statement made by the Director of Nursing demonstrates the value of internal promotion of nursing staff? A) iThis facility values the efforts made by its nursing staff to perform at their highest levels of knowledge and practice.i B) iA facility thrives on the injection of fresh, new ideas from those in manager positions.i C) iOur budget allows for monetary incentives directed towards the recruitment of management personnel.i D) iWe are willing to extend the recruitment search upon we have the best positive person for this management position.i

4. Which statement most accurately defines intrinsic motivation? A) Motivation that is directly related to a persons internal level of aspiration B) Motivation that is enhanced by the jobs environmental conditions C) Motivation that is not shaped by personal values D) Motivation that is not related to achievement

8. What did Victor Vroom emphasize the importance of? A) Managers knowing each employees expectation of reward B) Managers being honest with their employees C) Making sure that the employees lower-level needs are met D) Understanding that individuals react in a stimulusnresponse mode

A large health-care organization is reconsidering the model of patient care delivery. What factor should be prioritized in this decision? a. Patient needs b. Staff expertise c. Cost d. Physical layout of the facility

A nurse can directly address one of the Institute of Medicine's recommendations to improve practice environment by: a. facilitating open communication and shared decision making. b. advocating for caps on the maximum allowable nurse-patient ratio. c. adopting a functional nursing model whenever the setting allows. d. becoming a nurse navigator who is centered on patients' needs.

A nurse-manager has recently learned that the health-care facility will be moving toward a case management approach. What factor is most likely driving this change? a. The need to address cost-effective options for care b. The need to provide challenging work for nurses and other members of the care team c. The need to enhance professionalism throughout the organization d. The need to obtain magnet designation

The emergency room nurse is assessing a patient who has presented with an exacerbation of recently diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome. The patient states that he is "overwhelmed" and "bewildered" by the mix of diagnostic tests, appointments, and consultations since he was diagnosed. What is the nurse's best action? a. Acknowledge the difficulty of the patient's circumstances and arrange for a nurse navigator. b. Validate the patient's concerns and liaise with the clinical nurse-leader (CNL). c. Offer to mediate between the patient and the case manager. d. Offer to accompany the patient to any upcoming appointments.

The majority of patients whose care is organized by case management have contact with the health-care system in what acute care setting? a. Emergency department b. Ambulatory clinics c. Primary care provider offices d. Perioperative settings

What is the primary focus of case management in prioritizing client care? a. Assessing each client's needs individually b. Minimizing costs to the organization c. Minimizing costs to the patient d. Applying the principles of team nursing

Which statements demonstrate an understanding of the factors that should be considered when a change in the care delivery system is being proposed? Select all that apply. a. "We have determined that our level of care would improve if we provided it differently." b. "It's questionable whether our current nursing staff is large enough to support the proposed change." c. "We will discuss our proposed change with the multidisciplinary team members." d. "Administration has been supportive of the planned change in our care delivery system." e. "We're going to make our decision based on which option is newest in the literature."

a, b, c, d

An experienced registered nurse has begun a position as a clinical nurse-leader (CNL). In this role, what tasks should the nurse perform? Select all that apply. a. Collaborating with the interdisciplinary team b. Guiding patients and families through the health-care system at various sites c. Coaching nurses to provide evidence-based care d. Introducing quality improvement initiatives e. Preceptoring senior nursing students

a, c, d

7. The state of being emotionally impelled, demonstrated by a sense of passion and dedication to a project or event, describes: a. commitment. b. control. c. willingness to cooperate. d. communication.

a. commitment.

3. A mediator suggested that the nurse manager and staff members decide on a method to resolve conflicts. It is important to have agreements about how team members will work together because: a. if there are no agreements, each member will make up rules about how to handle disagreements and relationships. b. people are naturally difficult and will not work well together without such agreements. c. people will naturally ask for agreements about how to be together. d. a way to eliminate nonproductive team members must be available.

a. if there are no agreements, each member will make up rules about how to handle disagreements and relationships.

6. The mediator noticed that tension was still evident between the nurse manager and staff members. He informed the chief nursing officer that to begin team building, it would be important that everyone: a. work together in a respectful, civil manner. b. use avoidance techniques when confronted with a conflict. c. develop a personal friendship with each other. d. socialize frequently outside of work.

a. work together in a respectful, civil manner.

10. According to Skinner, how should rewards used as a way to reinforce behavior be given? A) At established intervals B) Specific to a particular performance C) Sometime after the event for maximum reinforcement D) Very sparingly to make them more valuable

13. Which course of action would be most apt to help a demotivated RN with personal and professional renewal? A) Begin job hunting in a new field B) Start practicing self-care C) Take a management class D) Start leaving work early

14. What managerial characteristic is essential in assuring that employees will find joy at work? A) Attending to the organizational climate B) Forming respectful relationships C) Effectively supervising employee work D) Partitioning for salary increases

23. Which action by the nursing manager will have the greatest impact on staff satisfaction regarding the filling of an assistant management position? A) Making the decision to fill the position with an internal recruitment search B) Assuring the staff that established recruitment polices will be followed consistently C) Publishing the promotion criteria where it can be viewed by all interested employees D) Encouraging staff that has the needed skills and knowledge to apply for the position

3. Which is a motivating factor identified in Herzbergs motivation hygiene theory? A) Money B) A chance for promotion C) A well-lighted parking lot D) Free meals in the cafeteria

A clinical site has a diverse skill mix that includes registered nurses, practical nurses, and UAPs. Senior management is proposing a shift from team nursing to primary nursing. What effect will the skills mix have on this transition? a. Implementation of primary nursing will likely require hiring more UAPs and laying off some RNs. b. Implementation of primary nursing will likely require hiring more RNs, and laying off some UAPs. c. With adequate resources, primary nursing can be successfully implemented with the existing skills mix. d. Primary nursing is most successful if every member of the team providing direct patient care is an RN.

A nurse has accepted a position as a staff nurse and will practice primary care nursing. The nurse will be the only RN on the team. What is an appropriate role expectation for role fulfillment? a. Planning nursing care independently of others b. Assigning work according to the expertise of group members c. Being responsible for care planning only during the shift when he or she works d. Carrying out the majority of personal care for assigned patients

A nurse is practicing in a case management context and a patient has been following a multidisciplinary action plan (MAP). In the last 24 hours, it has become clear that the patient's health status is not improving as quickly as expected and the patient is deviating from the MAP. What is the nurse's best action? a. Cancel the patient's current MAP and call a meeting to select a new one. b. Document the presence of a variance in the MAP. c. Collaborate with the care team to arrange a transfer to a new setting. d. Cancel the current MAP and adopt customized, rather than standardized care.

A nurse-manager is part of a committee that has been commissioned to change the care delivery model at a health-care facility. When planning this change, the nurse and the other committee members should be aware that this process will: a. be difficult to implement without hiring staff who have experience with the new model. b. affect social relationships and group functioning in the workforce. c. require equal input from every staff member during the planning stage. d. be best conducted by objective consultants from outside the organization.

What is the implication in a hierarchy of needs? A) All needs have equal power in motivation B) Unsatisfied needs trigger behavior C) Lower level needs are less valued D) Some individuals have hereditary needs

Which patient would be most likely to benefit from a disease management approach within the context of case management? a. A client who is being treated for a ruptured tympanic membrane b. A client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) c. A client who has been diagnosed with a postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) d. A client being treated for a transfusion reaction after receiving packed red blood cells

Which statement demonstrates an intervention focused on the primary disadvantage of team nursing? a. "We are working with one fewer team member today." b. "The team will be meeting for a care report update in 5 minutes." c. "Our patient assignment is comprised of both males and females." d. "We will be having a member of the float pool on our team today."

4. By following a shared leadership model, the nurse manager believes that staff members will learn to function synergistically. Some teams function synergistically because members: a. do not volunteer unwanted information. b. actively listen to each other. c. listen to the person who believes he or she is an expert. d. do not speak unless they are absolutely sure they are correct in their views.

b. actively listen to each other.

14. You are charged with developing a new nursing curriculum and are committed to developing a curriculum that reflects the needs of the profession and of the workplace. To address deficits that may already be present in nursing curricula related to the workplace, you include more content and skills development related to: a. therapeutic communication with patients. b. effective communication in the workplace. c. increased emphasis on sender-receiver dyads. d. generational differences in communication.

b. effective communication in the workplace.

8. The mediator suggested to the unit staff that a group agreement needed to be made so meetings could become productive. For example, the group agreement, "We will speak supportively," prevents: a. expression of opposing ideas. b. gossip and making negative comments about absent team members. c. efforts to ensure that everyone thinks alike. d. votes that oppose motions.

b. gossip and making negative comments about absent team members.

17. McClellands studies state that all people are motivated by three basic needs. What are these needs? A) Physiological, security, esteem B) Safety, social, self-actualization C) Achievement, affiliation, power D) Responsibility, supervision, job security

20. What is one of the most powerful yet frequently overlooked or underused motivators that the manager can use to create a motivating climate? A) Intrinsic motivation B) External motivation C) Positive reinforcement D) Self-care

21. When attempting to create a work environment that includes appropriate and effective monetary incentives, the nurse-manager will initially address which issue? A) Whether the incentives are allowed by the policies of the institution B) Whether the budget will allow for monetary rewards large enough to create incentive C) Whether the staff views monetary incentives as having the greatest value D) Whether other nurse-managers feel that monetary incentives are appropriate

6. According to McGregor, what do Theory X assumptions hold? A) Putting forth effort is natural B) Workers are diligent, responsible, and helpful C) Workers are lazy, uncreative, and indifferent toward work D) Increased rewards will motivate workers

A change in the patient care delivery system has been mandated on a hospital unit. The manager can best ensure the successful introduction of a new delivery system by: a. assigning a senior registered nurse to lead the implementation. b. explaining the implications of the proposed change to patients and families. c. carefully studying the best method for implementing the planned change. d. hiring nurses who have experience in providing the new delivery system.

A nurse-manager is advocating for a switch from team nursing to primary nursing care. What characteristic of primary nursing care should the manager describe to decision makers? a. It requires minimal RN staffing. b. It is comparatively easy to implement. c. Many nurses find it stimulating and challenging. d. It eliminates the need for UAP or practical nurses.

A registered nurse is paired with a practical nurse and the two nurses are working together to provide all the needs for a group of patients. What type of nursing care delivery are these nurses demonstrating? a. Total patient care b. Functional nursing c. Modular nursing d. Primary care nursing

A registered nurse is providing care in a setting that uses modular nursing. What task should the nurse perform during a shift? a. Providing every aspect of care to one half to one third of the mini-team's assigned patients b. Collaborating with another registered nurse to plan the care of all the mini-team's assigned patients c. Confirming that each member of the mini-team is completing his or her assigned tasks d. Providing total patient care to the most acutely ill patients that the mini-team is assigned

The nurse is providing care in a setting that uses a team nursing approach. What should be integrated into the routines in the health-care facility? a. Inclusion of the patient and family as members of the team b. Opportunities for UAP and practical nurses to increase their education level c. Frequent communication between team members d. Use of multidisciplinary action plans (MAPs)

What is one of the most important differences between case management and disease management? a. Disease management referrals begin in the hospital inpatient setting. b. Disease management is a collaborative process to meet patient needs. c. High-cost population groups are specifically targeted in disease management. d. Disease management treatment is episodic.

What is the purpose for a manager to engage in inetworkingi? A) To bolster self-esteem B) To unwind from work C) To further professional goals D) To meet altruistic needs

Which aspect of care at a long-term care facility most clearly suggests that a functional model of care delivery is being used? a. One nurse is assigned to provide all of a resident's care during a shift. b. Unlicensed assistive personnels (UAPs) coordinate each resident's care and occasionally delegate to practical nurses. c. Registered nurses perform all assessments while UAPs provide all feeding and hygiene. d. A pairing of one registered nurse and one practical nurse provides all the care for a designated pool of residents.

Which statement is typically true of job satisfaction levels? A) They are higher for subordinates than for management staff B) They decline as the level of participation in unit decision making increases C) They are related to the degree of work life control subordinates perceive they have D) They are fairly static given that unit cultures are traditionally very difficult to change

A nurse is following a multidisciplinary action plan (MAP) when caring for a new patient. The nurse should identify what components within the MAP? Select all that apply. a. Cost analysis of major interventions b. Identity of the nurse navigator c. Critical path d. Nursing care plan ---------e. Indication of times when nursing interventions occur

c, d, e

2. The nurse manager used a mediator to help resolve conflicts on the unit. During the mediation process, the nurse manager saw signs of potential team building. One key concept of an effective team is: a. conflict. b. task clarity. c. commitment. d. a designated leader.

c. commitment.

9. The mediator asked each staff member to reflect on his or her communication style. Which of the following best describes communication? Communication: a. is a reflection of self-analysis. b. is a result of thoughtful consideration. c. consists of thoughts, ideas, opinions, emotions, and feelings. d. focuses on the sender of the message.

c. consists of thoughts, ideas, opinions, emotions, and feelings.

5. The chief nursing officer decided that the nurse managers need a series of staff-development programs on team building through communication and partnerships. She understood that the nurse managers needed to build confidence in ways of handling various situations. The greatest deterrent to confidence is: a. lack of clarity in the mission. b. lack of control of the environment. c. fear that one can't handle the consequences. d. fear that the boss will not like one's work.

c. fear that one can't handle the consequences.

15. (Box19.4) The SBAR system of communications is one of the most used communication systems in health care because: a. it deals with all aspects of communications in patient care except communication with the physician. b. the nurse is on the same communication level as administration. c. it honors a familiar, structured transfer of information among health professionals. d. it honors an unstructured transfer of information.

c. it honors a familiar, structured transfer of information among health professionals.

19. What is the most important strategy for avoiding burnout and maintaining a high motivation level? A) Intrinsic motivation B) External motivation C) Positive reinforcement D) Self-care

22. Which is the basic factor involving staff motivation and its relationship with the achievement of unit-oriented goals? A) The autonomy the staff has to achieve the stated goals B) The input the staff has in establishing the unit goals C) The value the staff places on the stated unit goals D) The relationship staff has with their management

25. Which reward is an example of intrinsic motivation? A) The prized locker is awarded to the staff member voted imost helpfuli by their peers B) An extra vacation day is awarded for every 6 months a staff member is icall offi free. C) The entire staff is treated to a pizza party each time the unit earns a ipatient satisfactioni award D) A staff member is awarded a trip to a nursing conference based on the written request that was submitted

5. According to McClelland, what does achievement motivation focus on? A) The extrinsic rewards to be acquired B) A need to nurture others C) A need to have legitimate power over others D) The intrinsic need to be successful

A patient who has just been diagnosed with lung cancer has been assigned a nurse navigator. What task should the nurse prioritize in this role? a. Providing evidence-based guidance on treatment options and treatment decisions b. Providing clinical leadership and ensuring quality for the patient's care c. Guiding the patient in an effort to provide high-quality managed care d. Guiding the patient and family through their various interactions with the health-care system

A primary health-care teams (PHCT) has been established to coordinate the care of a patient with complex health-care needs. What should be the nurse's primary role in this team? a. Communicate the wishes of the patient to the other team members. b. Weigh the benefits of suggested interventions with their costs. c. Provide the patient's direct bedside care, whenever possible. d. Emphasize improved quality of life and patient-centered care.

An experienced nurse is applying for a position as a clinical nurse-leader (CNL). In addition to the nurse's clinical experience, what characteristic best qualifies the nurse for this position? a. The nurse currently sits on the hospital's ethics board. b. The nurse has consistently adhered to the standards of practice. c. Specialty certification in a specific area of practice. d. The nurse has a master of science in nursing degree.

The nurse is assigned to administer medications to all patients throughout the shift. What is this an example of? a. Team nursing b. Case method nursing c. Primary care delivery d. Functional nursing care

What did Gerllerman state about most managers in organizations? A) They undermanage subordinates B) They define responsibilities too broadly C) They stretch employees comfort levels too much D) They fail to give employees sufficient decision-making power

What did motivational theorist Victor Vroom state? A) Personal motivators could be separated from job satisfiers B) People are motivated by three basic needs: achievement, affiliation, and power C) A managers assumptions about workers directly affect the intrinsic motivation of the workers D) Employees expectations about their work environment or a certain event will affect their behavior

What did the motivational theorist Saul Gellerman argue? A) Individuals should be istretchedi on a regular basis to increase their productivity and motivation levels B) iStretchingi should be used as a motivational strategy only for affiliation-oriented individuals C) iStretchingi should be used as a motivational strategy only when an individual is already demotivated D) Employees should be istretchedi intermittently to complete tasks more difficult than what they are used to doing

Which historical event is known that have had a major effect on the delivery model of nursing care? a. Emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in the 1990s b. Increases in patient empowerment during the 1970s and 1980s c. High rates of infection, death, and disability during the Civil War d. Shifts from home-based care to hospital-based care during the 1930s

12. As the nurse manager on a rehab unit, you are asked to come to the tub room immediately because two nursing assistants are having a loud disagreement in front of a patient. You ask the nursing assistants to meet you outside and after ensuring that a third nursing assistant is able to care for the patient, you speak with the two nursing assistants. Which of the following would you ask first? a. "How long have you two been working together?" b. "Have you experienced disagreements like this before?" c. "How do you think this patient's perception of her care has been changed?" d. "What happened to bring on this disagreement today?"

d. "What happened to bring on this disagreement today?"

11. The nurse manager was upset with the staff nurse and said, "You did not understand what I said." Which element in the communication process was she referring to? a. Feedback between receiver and sender b. A message channel c. A receiver who decodes the message d. A set of barriers that may occur between sender and receiver

d. A set of barriers that may occur between sender and receiver

10. The staff development educator developed strategies to help nurse managers actively listen. Guidelines for active listening include which of the following? a. Speed up your internal processes so that you can process more data. b. Realize that the first words of the sender are the most important. c. Be prepared to make an effective judgment of the communication sender. d. Cultivate a desire to learn about the other person.

d. Cultivate a desire to learn about the other person.

16. In the cardiac intensive care unit, there has been simmering discontent about the new nurse manager, who avoids any discussion about her scheduling and practice decisions. The staff have begun to sort into "different camps" depending on how they feel about the manager or the decisions. Which of the following statements MOST accurately describes this situation? a. The tension that has been generated will result in creative solutions. b. Staff will become a cohesive group that takes a stand against the manager. c. The conflict will result in increased dialogue about practice and scheduling options. d. Patient care may suffer because attention and energy is being diverted toward the unit relationships.

d. Patient care may suffer because attention and energy is being diverted toward the unit relationships.

1. A nurse manager is experiencing conflicts between herself and staff members. She had tried to develop a team by using a shared leadership model to empower the staff. Staff members are functioning: a. as a team. b. independently. c. interdependently. d. as a group.

d. as a group.

13. Sally (RN) and Melissa (RN) have shared an ongoing conflict since the first day that Melissa worked on the unit. Sally has confided to another colleague that she doesn't even know why the conflict started or what it was about. This is an example of: a. how expectations and objectives need to be made clear in team situations. b. the need to encourage open discussion of disagreements in opinions. c. the importance of involving all staff in discussions in group settings. d. the enduring nature of first impressions.

d. the enduring nature of first impressions.

The nurse-manager recognizes the need to avoid burnout and maintain a high motivation level. The manager can best achieve this by: a. working on as large a variety of projects as possible. b. asking supervisors to keep him or her closely accountable for work performance. c. asking subordinates and superiors to provide positive reinforcement whenever possible. d. reflecting on his or her own needs and seeking help when necessary.

16. Which is an example of a hygiene factor according to Herzberg? A) Achievement B) Recognition C) Salary D) Work

A nurse-manager is in a new position and has observed that many of the employees appear to be unmotivated. The manager can promote employees' motivation by: a. establishing trusting and respectful relationships with the employees. b. making expectations for motivation clearly known. c. assigning preceptors to each of the unmotivated employees. d. increasing recruitment efforts to add new employees to the unit.

Which activity demonstrates employee engagement? a. Employee participates in hospital fundraiser. b. Employee accepts position as charge nurse. c. Employee completes annual performance review. d. Employee arrives to work on time.

Which factor is most likely to provide intrinsic motivation to an employee? a. The employee's ambitious career aspirations b. The employee's need to elicit approval from the immediate supervisor c. The employee's need to avoid punishment for unsafe practice d. The employee's fear of being passed up for a promotion

A nurse-manager has been distributing rewards to employees but has not identified a resulting increase in motivation. What characteristic of the manager's rewards may have limited their effect on motivation? a. The manager did not clearly communicate the intent of the rewards. b. The manager has not been distributing the rewards consistently. c. There is no precedent of giving rewards in the organization. d. The manager's supervisor does not acknowledge the benefits of rewards.

A nurse-manager oversees approximately 12 employees. What strategy should the manager prioritize when trying to motivate the employees? a. Offer praise for exceptional performance. b. Advocate for an increase in pay. c. Apply motivational strategies that are personally meaningful to each employee. d. Apply punishments objectively and fairly.

A nurse-manager wants to express appreciation to an employee. What statement is most effective? a. "You're doing an excellent job of provided care for you clients." b. "I really admire everything that you do on the unit." c. "You did an exemplary job of handling a very heavy workload this shift." d. "Your performance demonstrates a strong commitment to the profession."

A nurse-manager who is operating from the position of McGregor's Theory X will most likely hold what assumption about employees? a. Putting forth effort comes naturally for employees. b. Workers are inherently diligent, responsible, and helpful. c. Workers are fundamentally uncreative and indifferent toward their work. d. It is impossible to accurately identify what motivates an employee.

For several months, a nurse-manager has been rewarding employees' performance in an effort to motivate them. The nurse-manager should be aware of what unintended consequence of this practice? a. Employees may set unrealistically high goals for themselves. b. Unhealthy competition may develop between coworkers. c. Employees' intrinsic motivation may become blunted. d. Employees may expect a corresponding increase in salary.

McClelland's studies state that all people are motivated by specific, basic needs. What are these needs? Select all that apply. a. Self-esteem b. Self-actualization c. Achievement d. Power e. Affiliation

CDE

A nurse-manager can best implement Gellerman's theory of motivation by performing what action? a. Distributing praise and rewards equitably to all employees b. Establishing authentic relationships with employees c. Being transparent and accountable when administering punishments d. Empowering employees by giving them authority to make decisions

A nurse-manager is applying Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory. What strategy would the manager most likely use to motivate employees? a. Advocating for an increase in salary b. Approving vacation requests c. Protecting employee's job security d. Praising an employee's exceptional achievement

Primary care nursing is organized so that the patient is at the center of the structure. How many nurses have 24-hour responsibility for care planning and coordination for the patient? a. One b. Two c. Three d. Four

25. Clinical incompetence is one of the more serious problems facing a nurse manager. Joyce, the nurse manager, is not aware of the problems of Sarah, a novice nurse. After she investigates, it is obvious that Sarah's peers are covering for her. Which of the following might Joyce include in her meeting with the nurses? (Select all that apply.) a. "It is a nurse's professional responsibility to maintain quality control." b. "All instances of clinical incompetence are to be reported." c. "It is not considered being disloyal when one nurse reports another for poor care." d. "Patient care is the number one concern. Meeting standards is mandatory and necessary."

a. "It is a nurse's professional responsibility to maintain quality control." b. "All instances of clinical incompetence are to be reported." c. "It is not considered being disloyal when one nurse reports another for poor care." d. "Patient care is the number one concern. Meeting standards is mandatory and necessary."

9. A new graduate nurse is working in an outpatient surgical center with the circulating nurse. The nurse is reviewing the patient's chart and orders. The patient has been in pre-op receiving eye drops in her right eye as preparation for cataract removal surgery. The pre-operative orders indicate a marking has been made above the right eyebrow by the pre-operative nurse for surgery. The pre-operative nurse has been instilling the medicated eye drops to dilate the right eye for surgery. Upon further review of surgical consent, the consent was for surgery on the left eye and the history and physical by the surgeon indicate the patient is supposed to have surgery on her left eye. What action by the new nurse is considered appropriate followership? a. Alert the pre-operative nurse to the chart discrepancy. b. Ask the charge nurse to double check the chart together. c. Notify the surgeon to the issue for further orders. d. Complete a hospital incident report. Do nothing; assume the nurse was correct

a. Alert the pre-operative nurse to the chart discrepancy. b. Ask the charge nurse to double check the chart together. c. Notify the surgeon to the issue for further orders. d. Complete a hospital incident report.

22. Which of the following would not be a characteristic of an effective team nurse leader? a. An autocratic perspective b. Excellent communication skills c. Awareness of everyone's abilities d. A genuine interest in team members

a. An autocratic perspective

21. As a nurse manager and the leader of the unit, you are aware of multiple avenues for learning leadership traits. Which avenues would you pursue for learning leadership traits? (Select all that apply.) a. Attending professional conferences b. Reading books on leadership c. Joining professional organizations d. Connecting with other leaders in the organization e. Experiences from new nurses

a. Attending professional conferences b. Reading books on leadership c. Joining professional organizations d. Connecting with other leaders in the organization

1. As a new nurse manager, you are aware of leadership, management, and followership principles. What is the first step to becoming an effective leader? a. Being an effective follower b. Taking a class on leadership c. Taking a class on management d. Getting an advanced degree

a. Being an effective follower

12. In a job interview for a nursing position, Marley can be assured that which of the following will occur? a. Both eustress and distress b. Only eustress c. Only distress d. Neither eustress nor distress

a. Both eustress and distress

24. Mobilizing others to accomplish extraordinary things requires what leadership behaviors? (Select all that apply.) a. Celebrating the successes of others b. Demonstrating exceptional technical skills c. Imagining possibilities d. Establishing a sense of "being in this together

a. Celebrating the successes of others c. Imagining possibilities d. Establishing a sense of "being in this together

5. As a team, you and the staff have determined that there is a need to reduce medication errors on your unit. Together, you developed the questions that you would like to address and search the literature for relevant research studies. Based on the evidence, you suggested a change to your practices and now are involved in implementation of these changes. Today, there was a major study released that would significantly change what you have decided to do. What are you and your staff experiencing? a. Compression complexity b. Distress c. Information lag d. Technology advancement

a. Compression complexity

22. Time management is very essential for the nurse manager. Which of the following is a good time-management technique? Select all that apply. a. Decide what not to do. b. Learn to say "No." c. Learn to delegate. d. Break down your workload into smaller, manageable tasks.

a. Decide what not to do. b. Learn to say "No." c. Learn to delegate. d. Break down your workload into smaller, manageable tasks.

2. What is the primary role of the followers on the unit, as defined in nursing? a. Direct care provider b. Implements leader's policy unquestioned c. Passive role on unit d. Devalued staff member

a. Direct care provider

3. In nursing theory, one theorist developed the theory of self-care of patients. In the theory, the nursing action of providing care and educating the patients can be interpreted in the form of followership for the patient. Who was their theorist? a. Dorothea Orem b. Patricia Benner c. Ida Jean Orlando d. Robert E. Kelley

a. Dorothea Orem

3. The chief nursing officer (CNO) is appointed for the local hospital in a rural area. The nursing committee agreed with the appointment of the new CNO offered the position. What is this type of leadership position considered? a. Formal leadership b. Informal leadership c. Director leadership d. Personal leadership

a. Formal leadership

13. In developing leadership skills, one should focus on authentic leadership. The theory of authentic leadership focuses on various factors. What is the top priority in development of authentic leadership? a. Honest relationships b. Organizational task c. Accomplishment of goals d. Exploring others

a. Honest relationships

11. Nathan has been on the cardiac unit for 6 months and has found it difficult to adjust to the expectations of his team. Which of the following behaviors would most likely signal that Nathan is intending to resign from his position on the unit? a. Increased absenteeism over the past month b. Increased attempts to discuss his concerns with his colleagues c. Testing of workplace guidelines d. Frequent defensiveness

a. Increased absenteeism over the past month

8. A staff nurse is taking leadership classes in an advanced degree program with a goal to become a nurse manager. The nurse is studying the leader-follower relationship. What has the nurse discovered as accurate part of the leader-follower relationship? a. Leaders are also followers. b. Followers need to linear structures. c. Followers are submissive in nature. d. Leaders should dictate to the group.

a. Leaders are also followers.

12. The manager is using self-reflection to gain insight into improving the leadership skills. By using self-awareness what does a leader develop? a. New knowledge b. Personal growth c. Improved self esteem d. Management skills

a. New knowledge

19. A new nurse leader wants to be the best leader. The nurse takes classes, finds leadership mentor, seeks input from her unit, and employs other strategies for leadership development. What is another strategy for the leader to develop and improve leadership skills? a. Proactive learning b. Ignoring feedback c. Being in charge d. Authoritative position

a. Proactive learning

22. In assisting new graduates to make the role transition to graduate nurse, Ted, the unit manager initiates which of the following? a. Self-check list to assess competencies that have been strengthened b. Discussions that focus on what the new graduates have yet to learn c. Fixed target dates for acquisition of competency and transition to RN role d. Frequent formal meetings to provide feedback on performance and areas to be strengthened

a. Self-check list to assess competencies that have been strengthened

4. The nurse on the 7-7 shift is assigning a specific component of care to an unlicensed nursing personnel (UNP) employee. The night nurse would remain: a. accountable. b. responsible. c. authoritative and liable. d. responsible and task-oriented.

a. accountable.

10. Sarah is a nursing graduate of 5 years who is very confident in her clinical skills. She has taken some certificate courses in leadership and management and has considered beginning a graduate degree with this focus. She is excited about being able to use her knowledge and interest by being hired as a nurse manager. Before beginning her new position, Sarah spends time with her nurse executive to clarify the executive's expectations of her and of the unit that she has been hired to manage. Sarah's actions are important in avoiding role: a. ambiguity. b. transition. c. development. d. negotiation.

a. ambiguity.

16. Mr. T. Jones and Mr. R. Smith are both going to become residents in Sunny Haven Lodge. Mr. Jones views it as an opportunity to socialize and meet new friends. Mr. Smith views this as abandonment by his family and is worried that the care will be inadequate. Each senior perceives the situation differently. This is a good example of stress that is: a. both a positive stressor and a negative stressor. b. occurring only because of age. c. positive in both cases. d. harmful in both cases.

a. both a positive stressor and a negative stressor.

17. From the information presented in this chapter, which of the following statements best defines an accomplished team? Effective teams: a. can create a form of synergism in which the outcome is greater than the sum of the individual performances. b. do not necessarily need goals, objectives, vision, and a clearly stated purpose. c. do not always have effective communication patterns. d. may or may not have a clear plan that is followed and revisited and has an ongoing evaluation scheme.

a. can create a form of synergism in which the outcome is greater than the sum of the individual performances.

8. The staff development educator presents a series of programs on stress management to the nurse managers. Research has indicated that an individual's ability to deal with stress is moderated by psychological hardiness. Psychological hardiness (resilience) is a composite of: a. commitment, control, and challenge. b. commitment, powerlessness, and passivity. c. commitment, control, and passivity. d. decreased isolation, challenge, and passivity.

a. commitment, control, and challenge.

1. A new graduate is seeking a new position in nursing and wants to "sell" herself effectively. The best strategy is to: a. create a résumé. b. practice interviewing. c. call the personnel offices. d. create a curriculum vitae.

a. create a résumé.

19. During unit staff meetings, you observe that Marg rolls her eyes and snorts whenever Julia makes a comment. Your first response as a unit manager is to: a. discuss what you have observed with Marg. b. file immediate documentation in Marg's personnel file. c. ask Julie to monitor Marg's behavior during meetings. d. ignore the behavior, as Marg is one of your strongest nurses.

a. discuss what you have observed with Marg.

20. "Stress-buffering" behaviors can be elicited to reduce stress. All of the following behavioral coping responses can be used by nurse managers to reduce and manage stress except: a. distancing oneself from work. b. using cognitive reframing to change irrational thoughts. c. refusing a request to sit on a committee to evaluate scheduling software. d. exercising regularly.

a. distancing oneself from work.

14. A functional résumé focuses on: a. experience and skills gained in positions. b. positions held and specific roles in the positions. c. academic qualifications and achievements. d. relating skills and experience to qualifications in a specific position.

a. experience and skills gained in positions.

12. All of the following are grounds for immediate dismissal except: a. failing to pursue further medical help for a patient; patient dies. b. selling narcotics obtained from the unit supply of narcotics. c. restraining a patient in bed for 7 hours, unsupervised, as punishment for hitting a staff member. d. grabbing the unit manager and threatening further physical harm after a poor performance appraisal.

a. failing to pursue further medical help for a patient; patient dies.

9. Knowing your professional strengths is important to: a. find your fit in positions and a career path. b. maintain a professional status. c. act in a manner that is legal and ethical. d. understand the role expectations of a position.

a. find your fit in positions and a career path.

3. In keeping with guidelines of the organization, the nurse manager documents staff problems. Documentation of disciplinary problems should: a. include a plan to correct them and to prevent future occurrences. b. state a detailed history of past problems that are related to the current one. c. be written at the convenience of the manager. d. not be discussed until the formal performance evaluation.

a. include a plan to correct them and to prevent future occurrences.

16. A necessary leadership strength for nurses of the future is: a. inspiring others to work their best to create the future. b. understanding the nuances of fundraising to make up funding shortfall. c. guarding the tendency of other professions to encroach on nursing roles. d. adapting work life to an aging nursing work force.

a. inspiring others to work their best to create the future.

19. Trust is an important aspect of helping relationships, therapeutic communications, and the positive communications model. Which statement does not involve or define trust? Trust: a. involves decisions to manipulate situations to gain advantage over another. b. is the basis by which leaders facilitate the activities and progress of a team. c. is low among members and leaders in poorly performing teams. d. involves what we do and not necessarily what we say.

a. involves decisions to manipulate situations to gain advantage over another.

21. Susan, a new graduate, is upset that so many staff have been absent lately from the unit. She declares to you that all absenteeism could be eliminated with proper management. Your response is based on understanding that: a. not all absenteeism is voluntary. b. high personal control contributes to absenteeism. c. direct discussions with employees who have high levels of absenteeism are not recommended. d. all absenteeism is related to personal issues and needs.

a. not all absenteeism is voluntary.

9. A nurse manager notices that Nathan, an RN who has been on the unit for approximately 3 years, has an interest in health technology and seems to be very enthusiastic about working with software and hardware at home. She speaks with Nathan and asks him if he would lead investigation of software applications on the unit. This is an example of: a. opportunity. b. delegation. c. role negotiation. d. role transition.

a. opportunity.

2. The nurse manager of a unit has lost many staff members, and the unit is now staffed with a large number of agency and traveling nurses. She knows that the agency and traveling nurses are all contracted to stay on the unit for the next 3 months. One way to improve morale and decrease stress in the unit would be to: a. plan a social event and include the agency and traveling nurse staff members. b. plan unit-based social events for your remaining permanent staff members. c. request hospital-based "floating" nurses to substitute for the temporary staff. d. implement team nursing.

a. plan a social event and include the agency and traveling nurse staff members.

13. The primary difference between a résumé and a CV is that a résumé: a. reflects your skills, knowledge, and background in relation to a specific position. b. offers a detailed listing of positions held and where positions were held. c. includes a long and detailed explanation of academic and work experience. d. provides contact information and focuses on your background, in general.

a. reflects your skills, knowledge, and background in relation to a specific position.

5. A hospice nurse has been feeling very stressed at work because of both the physical strain and the emotional drain of working with clients with AIDS. She tries to walk 1 to 2 miles three times a week and to talk regularly with her husband about her work-related feelings. One reasonable stress-management strategy would be to: a. start taking yoga lessons. b. make an appointment to meet with a psychiatrist. c. start jogging 5 to 6 miles every day. d. plan to go out for a drink with fellow nurses after work every day.

a. start taking yoga lessons.

25. An example of a nursing care activity that would not be delegated by an RN to a UNP is: (Select all that apply.) a. teaching self-catheterization to a patient with paraplegia who has limited English. b. basic care for a patient with a head injury who is rapidly deteriorating. c. one-to-one observation with a suicidal patient. d. assessment of patients being admitted through the Emergency Department. e. basic hygienic care for a patient who is post MI and stable.

a. teaching self-catheterization to a patient with paraplegia who has limited English. b. basic care for a patient with a head injury who is rapidly deteriorating. d. assessment of patients being admitted through the Emergency Department.

13. Which of the following indicates safe delegation? a. The nurse supervisor for a large urban acute care department asks the unit manager to accept two new acutely ill patients. The unit is short two staff, and the replacement is inexperienced. b. A unit manager agrees to release a staff from her unit to Unit B. The staff member she agrees to release is experienced on Unit B and is agreeable to the change. The unit manager's unit is fully staffed and patients are stable. c. The nurse supervisor asks the charge nurse for Unit A not to replace an ill staff member because Unit A was originally overstaffed anyway. Patient acuity levels are very high on Unit A and two staff are orientating. d. The nurse supervisor asks the charge nurse on Unit B to cover Unit F, which is two floors up, because the charge nurse for Unit F is ill. The charge nurse for Unit B is an experienced manager but has no experience with the nursing care required on Unit F.

b. A unit manager agrees to release a staff from her unit to Unit B. The staff member she agrees to release is experienced on Unit B and is agreeable to the change. The unit manager's unit is fully staffed and patients are stable.

18. As a new manager, you reflect on what professional development would be most valuable to assist you in taking on this role. Which of the following would you most likely identify? a. Opportunities to hone clinical skills that are used most often on the unit that you will manage b. A workshop on conflict management and communication skills c. Attendance at a conference on global healthcare economics d. Attendance at a workshop on survey tool development and statistical measurement

b. A workshop on conflict management and communication skills

9. The day shift nurse asks an LPN/LVN to complete a task for a patient. The day shift nurse is engaging in what function? a. Delegating b. Assigning c. Sharing d. Authorizing

b. Assigning

9. The chief nursing officer understands that a nurse manager can exhibit stress that is related to trying to keep up with the number of electronic messages that arrive, as well as trying to remain accessible to staff. What is a strategy that would assist the manager to manage the information overload effectively? a. Ignore messages unless they are labeled as important. b. Determine who is most likely to send useful or important information or requests. c. Check e-mail messages once a day. d. Encourage face-to-face meetings rather than e-mail.

b. Determine who is most likely to send useful or important information or requests.

13. The unit manager on 4E is concerned about the performance of Jean, a staff nurse. She is not involved directly with Jean, so she has not been able to determine whether the problem is one of motivation, ability, or both. If Jean lacks ability, which of the following strategies might the nurse manager use? a. Dismiss or transfer Jean. b. Document all problem areas and then discuss them with Jean. c. Develop appropriate solutions and make recommendations to human resources. d. Smooth over the problems if they are minor in nature.

b. Document all problem areas and then discuss them with Jean.

2. Your organization is in the middle of re-designing patient care units, with decisions based on best practices and various other sources of evidence. In the middle of the transition, there is a temporary halt called to the transition because of a re-design of the health care system and greater emphasis on primary care. What would be a healthy response to this situation? a. Salvage as much of the original planning as possible so as to reduce expenditures. b. Engage in consultation to create innovative solutions that bridge the existing plans and the new directions. c. Abandon the current planning in favor of addressing the new trends. d. Continue with the current planning because trends come and go.

b. Engage in consultation to create innovative solutions that bridge the existing plans and the new directions.

2. A young male nurse began in nursing as a staff nurse at a hospital. After 3 years, he moved to a home healthcare agency for increase in pay and taking a position as a manager in the agency. What type of motivation does this exemplify in career success? a. Internal b. External c. Spiral d. Entrepreneurial

b. External

15. The charge nurse of a unit is asking the staff what patients they had the day before to make assignments for the day. A new nurse complains about having the same patients every day. The charge nurse considers the new nurse request at an assigned to different patient for today. What type of leadership is the charge nurse displaying? a. Informal leadership b. Formal leadership c. Favoritism d. No leadership displayed

b. Formal leadership

16. A staff nurse is the person on the unit everyone seeks for input and asks questions. What type of leadership position is the staff nurse displaying? a. Position leadership b. Informal leadership c. Personal leadership d. Formal leadership

b. Informal leadership

11. A nurse manager attempts to translate the picture or vision of her facility across for the staff nurses. The manager is faced with a staff who is resistant to the vision of the facility. What is the theory the manger needs to incorporate to be effective? a. Model the Way b. Inspire a Shared Vision c. Challenge the Process d. The Four Agreements

b. Inspire a Shared Vision

20. A staff nurse wants to become a charge nurse. What is one of the most effective methods for the staff nurse to incorporate to effectively transition to charge nurse? a. Read a book on charge position. b. Integrate prior experience to new role. c. Do things the way always done. d. Change units to be a charge on different unit.

b. Integrate prior experience to new role.

4. As a nurse manager, it is important to become a "future thinker." Which is an example of a "future thinker"? a. Keeping traditional practices b. Moving toward evidence-based practices c. Finding less need for more knowledge d. Believing that macromarketing will be a necessity

b. Moving toward evidence-based practices

7. A nurse manager understands that the second step in handling an employee with a disciplinary problem is to document the incident. Which of the following is best for documentation of personnel problems? a. Use of the performance appraisal on an annual basis b. Notes made immediately after an incident that include a description of the incident, actions taken, plans, and follow-up c. A tally sheet of medication errors and other specific problems that will be used at annual review d. Copies of reports, placed in his or her file, of all unusual occurrences involving the employee

b. Notes made immediately after an incident that include a description of the incident, actions taken, plans, and follow-up

24. The unit manager discusses absenteeism with the unit clerk. She indicates that it is a serious problem on the unit. Which of the following points would they have likely discussed? a. Employee morale is at a high level. b. Patient care will be jeopardized and possibility below standards. c. Existing staff have experienced little effect from the absenteeism. d. Cost for the unit remains the same when new staff are hired.

b. Patient care will be jeopardized and possibility below standards.

4. In nursing theory, one theorist developed the idea of new nurses progressing to experienced nurses and playing an important role in patient care in all stages. The new nurses follow their role and progress through stages to advanced nurse. Who was this theorist? a. Dorothea Orem b. Patricia Benner c. Ida Jean Orlando d. Robert E. Kelley

b. Patricia Benner

9. The nurse manager is working with a group of new nurses. The new nurses ask questions about leadership and the role of a manager in leading nursing. The manager shares she has incorporated her core values and beliefs into her role and responsibilities as a nurse manager. What type of leadership has she described? a. Positional leadership b. Personal leadership c. Formal leadership d. Information leadership

b. Personal leadership

7. The manager of a nursing unit is having difficulty working with a new graduate nurse. The new graduate nurse is excited and full of ideas she wants to try. The manager decides to journal her feelings regarding the new nurse and her feelings. What is the nurse manager practicing in this situation? a. Leadership b. Reflection c. Knowledge d. Action

b. Reflection

8. A staff nurse is taking leadership classes in an advanced degree program as the nurse wants to become a manager. The instructor requires the students to create a journal and make notes of their feelings when they experience conflicts at work over the next few weeks. The assignment calls for the use of reflection. What is the purpose of this assignment? a. Log of conflicts which occur b. Reflection for self-awareness in conflict situations c. Assess the students conflict management skills d. Analysis of student lead conflicts

b. Reflection for self-awareness in conflict situations

4. The core of leadership is awareness. The text by Don Miguel, The Four Agreements, presents a set of agreements to enhance personal growth and awareness. What is not one of the four agreements? a. Be impeccable with your word. b. Take things personally. c. Do not make assumptions. d. Always do your best.

b. Take things personally.

15. Nurse Stacey is a self-admitted drug addict and has been a heavy abuser of codeine. Stacey and the unit manager decide that changes have to occur. Stacey enrolls in an addiction program, and the manager has her transferred to a drug-free area. What other strategies might be appropriate? a. The manager could refer Stacey to the human resources department. b. The manager could assist in monitoring Stacey's progress. c. The manager could counsel Stacey if Stacey has formed a trusting relationship with her. d. Stacey needs to be asked not to involve her family in the recovery program because this is a work-related situation.

b. The manager could assist in monitoring Stacey's progress.

17. Jeff, an RN in his 30s, has lost a parent, just purchased a new home, and is laid off with 6 months' severance pay. At the same time, Jerry, an RN in his 50s, is financially secure and is asked to take early retirement with a buyout. How will the two men react to the emotional and physical influences and the sequence of stress? a. The younger man will feel more stress. b. The two men may or may not feel the same amount of stress. c. The older man will feel more stress. d. Neither man will experience any stress.

b. The two men may or may not feel the same amount of stress.

18. You ask Evelyn, a new home health UNP, to check what is left in Mrs. N.'s inhaler when Evelyn makes visits to Mrs. N. and also to check whether Mrs. N. is receiving any positive effect from the medication. Evelyn reports for 3 weeks that Mrs. N. is using the inhaler and that there is enough medication left in the device. The day of her last visit to Mrs. N., Mrs. N. is admitted to the hospital in severe respiratory distress. When she is admitted, she tells the physician that she has not been using the inhaler for 4 weeks. Before assigning Evelyn to Mrs. N.'s care, the most appropriate action of the care coordinator would have been to: a. determine Evelyn's educational background and preparation for this role. b. ask Evelyn if she has worked with inhalers before and to describe what she knows about them. c. advise that if Evelyn has any questions about what to do with the inhaler, she should come to the coordinator. d. advise Evelyn that working the inhaler is not really complicated and that she should ask the patient how to check medication levels in the inhaler.

b. ask Evelyn if she has worked with inhalers before and to describe what she knows about them.

19. You ask Evelyn, a new home health UNP, to check what is left in Mrs. N.'s inhaler when Evelyn makes visits to Mrs. N. and also to check whether Mrs. N. is receiving any positive effect from the medication. Evelyn reports for 3 weeks that Mrs. N. is using the inhaler and that there is enough medication left in the device. The day of her last visit to Mrs. N., Mrs. N. is admitted to the hospital in severe respiratory distress. When she is admitted, she tells the physician that she has not been using the inhaler for 4 weeks. Determination of Evelyn's educational preparation and certification is related to the concept of: a. accountability. b. authority. c. role performance. d. assignment.

b. authority.

19. To enhance team leadership skills for your team leaders, you arrange opportunities for: a. certification. b. continuing education. c. graduate courses. d. volunteerism.

b. continuing education.

13. Sarah is a nursing graduate of 5 years who is very confident in her clinical skills. She has taken some certificate courses in leadership and management and has considered beginning a graduate degree with this focus. She is excited about being able to use her knowledge and interest by being hired as a nurse manager. Before beginning her new position, Sarah spends time with her nurse executive to clarify the executive's expectations of her and of the unit that she has been hired to manage. Sarah finds that she has begun to think negatively about the way nursing care is delivered on her nursing unit. She often wishes that she was back on her old unit and in her familiar staff nurse role. This behavior: a. is natural when assuming a new position. b. diverts energy from internalization of Sarah's new role. c. is justified if practices are deficient on the new unit. d. reflects Sarah's astuteness as a clinician.

b. diverts energy from internalization of Sarah's new role.

17. You ask Evelyn, a new home health UNP, to check what is left in Mrs. N.'s inhaler when Evelyn makes visits to Mrs. N. and also to check whether Mrs. N. is receiving any positive effect from the medication. Evelyn reports for 3 weeks that Mrs. N. is using the inhaler and that there is enough medication left in the device. The day of her last visit to Mrs. N., Mrs. N. is admitted to the hospital in severe respiratory distress. When she is admitted, she tells the physician that she has not been using the inhaler for 4 weeks. This incident is an example of: a. incompetence of the UNP. b. failure to follow-through. c. skills but no motivation. d. lack of accountability.

b. failure to follow-through.

4. Before terminating an employee, a nurse manager must: a. be an expert in all legal aspects of termination and discipline practices. b. follow the organization's specific policies for addressing disciplinary problems and termination. c. function as a counselor for problem employees. d. do everything to assist and protect the employee by adjusting standards and policies.

b. follow the organization's specific policies for addressing disciplinary problems and termination.

6. To develop a curriculum vitae, or résumé, a nurse must develop a personal data file. The goal of a personal data file is to: a. create an opportunity to be interviewed. b. have a listing of facts about your professional life. c. have a tool in place for marketing yourself. d. create a document that lists your skills.

b. have a listing of facts about your professional life.

21. The education consultant at St. Joseph Hospital is giving a workshop on cognitive reframing. The consultant explains that cognitive reframing reduces stress by: a. aiding individuals in identifying positive stressors. b. helping people realize that negative thinking causes emotional distress. c. eliminating negative stressors. d. replacing positive self-statements with negative irrational beliefs.

b. helping people realize that negative thinking causes emotional distress.

1. Nursing professionals in the twenty-first century will accomplish most of their work: a. through teams of internationally prepared professionals. b. in teams and through group work. c. through long term, secure jobs. d. in competitive environments and work groups.

b. in teams and through group work.

8. Your unit has several patients who have undergone limb amputation. In working with the clients, you begin to think beyond therapies such as pharmacotherapeutics and surgery and you explore biomechanics, robotics, mind-body approaches, and cognitive behavioral therapies as possibilities in working with these clients. You begin to collect information in several areas with which you previously had little familiarity. According to the Wise Forecast Model©, you are: a. acting wildly. b. learning wildly. c. engaging in interprofessional care. d. increasing your complexity compression.

b. learning wildly.

21. Functions such as "delegates tasks to assistive personnel" that are outlined in a position description for an RN Team Leader would be considered: a. active delegation. b. passive delegation. c. passive accountability. d. active responsibility.

b. passive delegation.

7. The chief nursing officer listens to nurse managers verbalize their feelings of internal stress. One common source of internal stress seems to be: a. the death of a loved one. b. perfectionism. c. getting married. d. losing a job.

b. perfectionism.

11. With delegation, responsibility and accountability remain with the: a. physician. b. professional who delegates. c. individual who receives the delegation. d. individual who previously performed the task

b. professional who delegates.

5. A nurse is applying for a new position. This position is one in which she will serve as a liaison between a hospital and a school of nursing. The nurse must update her résumé to include her teaching experience. The goal of the resume is to: a. have a listing of facts about your professional life. b. provide potential employers with information about where you are in your career. c. respond quickly whenever a position becomes available. d. be certain you can recall facts for a prospective position.

b. provide potential employers with information about where you are in your career.

3. As a nurse manager, the one activity you should not overlook is: a. posting the yearly rotation schedule. b. reviewing vacation requests. c. scheduling staffing for holidays 6 months in advance. d. anticipating staff sick days.

b. reviewing vacation requests.

24. As a result of Amy's coaching, Sarah, a nursing graduate of 5 years, completes a ROLES assessment. This assessment is helpful in: (Select all that apply.) a. identifying her clinical knowledge. b. role development. c. areas of conflict in expectations. d. expected work time commitments.

b. role development. c. areas of conflict in expectations. d. expected work time commitments.

23. The education consultant for the hospital is presenting a workshop titled "Documentation: A Manager's Responsibility." What statement is incorrect regarding documentation? Documentation: a. cannot be left to memory. A notation must be placed in the personnel file. b. should avoid discussion of the problem. c. should include what was done about the problem when it occurred. d. needs to include date, time, and place.

b. should avoid discussion of the problem.

8. During staff-development programs, staff nurses verbalize their frustration about their workloads and having to delegate so many tasks to others. One of the main reasons that delegation has emerged as an issue is because of: a. the amount of paperwork required to complete care. b. the complexity of care required by patients. c. earlier discharge practices. d. the numbers of other disciplines present on a given unit.

b. the complexity of care required by patients.

6. During a fire drill, the nurse manager becomes very assertive and directive in her communications with staff. This type of situational leadership depends on: a. supportive behavior by the leader and immature followers. b. the development level of the followers and the behavior based on the situation. c. well-developed followers combined with a strong leader who acts quickly. d. the leader's ability to evaluate personnel and communicate that evaluation.

b. the development level of the followers and the behavior based on the situation.

14. An example of role stress occurs when: a. the director of the ICU and the manager of the surgical unit wish to hire the same new employee. b. two part-time staff members are hired to work in a unit, but the job expectations for them are not clear, and the charge nurse expresses disappointment in their performance. c. the nurse manager for the ICU wants to advocate for more staff and finds it difficult to find data to substantiate his proposal. d. line managers believe that supporting staff to use their technical knowledge is to intrude on their authority.

b. two part-time staff members are hired to work in a unit, but the job expectations for them are not clear, and the charge nurse expresses disappointment in their performance.

15. An RN colleague, who is a long-standing and collaborative member of your team, is performing a complex dressing with new orders written for the first time for the assigned patient. Which of the following would be the most appropriate communication with her? a. "How do you usually do this kind of dressing?" b. "The dressing needs to be done today and tomorrow with the supplies on this cart." c. "Here is what you need for the dressing, and I will show you what needs to be done." d. "I know you know what you are doing. Let me know if you have any problems."

c. "Here is what you need for the dressing, and I will show you what needs to be done."

17. Nathan tells you that he has selected nursing as a career because many jobs are available and he will have job security. Your best response to Nathan is: a. "With many young people going overseas, many jobs and options will be available. Stable jobs and job security will be part of the nursing employment market." b. "The job market for nurses will be diminished with funding cuts to hospitals." c. "The employment prospects for nurses are positive with many options to choose from. Flexibility and adaptability are essential to income security." d. "It is unlikely that nursing will survive in the long term with funding cuts and a declining population of seniors."

c. "The employment prospects for nurses are positive with many options to choose from. Flexibility and adaptability are essential to income security."

8. During performance appraisal interviews, Joanne's nurse manager notices Joanne's excitement when she talks about how she has helped patients on a rehab unit understand the complexities of their regimens. When Joanne's nurse manager asks her about her career path plans, Joanne says that she wants to become a nurse administrator. The best response to Joanne would be: a. "Nursing administration is rewarding. What experiences would help you along this path?" b. "You do not appear excited about nursing administration. Unless you are excited by that career path, I wouldn't advise going in that direction." c. "You seem to find teaching others very rewarding. Have you considered that as a possible career path?" d. "You are too inexperienced to consider administration. Work for a few years, and then consider administration."

c. "You seem to find teaching others very rewarding. Have you considered that as a possible career path?"

11. On your curriculum vitae, which of the following is the recommended approach for listing employment and educational history information? a. 1979 RN Diploma 1985 BScN 2002 MN b. 2002 Mount Rush Health Center Staff Nurse 1997 Cedar Falls Clinic Staff Nurse 2007 Kilkarney Rehab Center Case Manager c. 2007 MN 2005 BScN d. 1997 Sturgeon County Hospital Head Nurse 2002 Sturgeon County Supervisor 2007 Sturgeon County Director

c. 2007 MN 2005 BScN

16. Sarah is a nursing graduate of 5 years who is very confident in her clinical skills. She has taken some certificate courses in leadership and management and has considered beginning a graduate degree with this focus. She is excited about being able to use her knowledge and interest by being hired as a nurse manager. Before beginning her new position, Sarah spends time with her nurse executive to clarify the executive's expectations of her and of the unit that she has been hired to manage. After a year, Sarah successfully transitions into the nurse manager role and considers taking the examination to become a certified nurse executive. Amy advises her that this is not possible because Sarah will need: a. a graduate degree. b. at least a nursing diploma. c. 24 months of experience. d. 5 years of successful experience.

c. 24 months of experience.

20. Ellen is a novice nurse on your unit. Even though she has come to you highly recommended, as her supervisor, you have noticed some knowledge and skill deficiencies. These deficiencies have been noticed by her peers as well, who cover for her because she is new and they like her. Which of the following is likely to be the greatest asset to Ellen in improving her performance? a. Ignore Ellen's errors until she has more experience. b. Instruct staff to avoid working with Ellen until she learns to how do things herself. c. Ask Ellen to complete a self-assessment, using a standard skills checklist. d. Encourage staff to report every behavior of Ellen's that is different from theirs.

c. Ask Ellen to complete a self-assessment, using a standard skills checklist.

2. The charge nurse is making patient assignments for the next shift on the unit. There is one critical patient on the unit, who is going to require more care than the other patients. Before delegating this patient in an assignment, what is the appropriate action by the charge nurse? a. Delegate the admission assessment to the LPN. b. Review the employee's performance assessment for the most recent period. c. Assess the amount of guidance and support needed for the nursing care of the patient. d. Create a task analysis of critical behaviors for the individual.

c. Assess the amount of guidance and support needed for the nursing care of the patient.

21. The unit manager was addressing nursing students in the lounge area and was discussing team leadership and team effectiveness. She stated, "One can agree or disagree with another team member's perspective even when one doesn't necessarily see that perspective as being the correct one." In being creative, what did she mean? a. Championing one's own opinion b. Being compassionate c. Being flexible d. Committing to resolution

c. Being flexible

17. Incivility is a disruptive behavior or communication that creates a negative environment and interferes with quality patient care and safety. The manager can implement the following steps that help to alleviate uncivil behavior on a unit. (A) Suspending the staff member from work, (B) Providing written admonishment that is discussed and placed in the employee's file, (C) Providing verbal admonishment, (D) Terminating the staff member a. A, B, C, D b. B, A, C, D c. C, B, A, D d. C, A, B, D

c. C, B, A, D

14. Nurses generally experience difficulty in identifying behaviors and actions that could signal chemical dependency in a co-worker. Which of the following is not a behavioral change that occurs with chemical dependency? a. Personality and behavioral changes b. Job performance changes c. Changes in educational involvement and pursuit d. Absenteeism

c. Changes in educational involvement and pursuit

14. As a leader in nursing, one must seek new insights and establish personal tools to improve their lifelong learning. Which behavior by manager would be a concern for a chief nursing executive? a. Journaling for self-reflection b. Authentic relationships c. Complacent behavior d. Improved knowledge of staff

c. Complacent behavior

23. Who of the following might be the most appropriate mentor for Becky, a new nurse manager on the cardiac unit who has 4 years of previous clinical experience? a. Sam, near retirement. He has 20 years of clinical nursing and recently assumed role of charge nurse in an interim capacity because of the incumbent's illness. b. Leslie, who has been a clinical educator at the institution for a number of years. She has been tired of her role and aspires to become a nurse manager. She looks at mentorship as an opportunity to understand the role better. c. Courtney, who has been a nurse manager for 3 years. Her staff and supervisor value her skills and her leadership acumen and championship of innovation. d. Ben, who was nurse manager for 3 years, soon after graduation. He left the role because he was uncomfortable with the expectations and has been a team leader on surgery for 15 years.

c. Courtney, who has been a nurse manager for 3 years. Her staff and supervisor value her skills and her leadership acumen and championship of innovation.

10. Excellent leaders need to have or develop the skills of empathy and expressiveness when dealing with others in the workplace. This is also known as understanding and managing own feelings and emotions as well as discerning the emotions of others. What is this an example of required by good leaders? a. Social awareness b. Self-awareness c. Emotional intelligence d. Intellectual ability

c. Emotional intelligence

2. As a nurse manager, you are a leader in health care and on the unit you manage. Looking at the larger picture of health care and patient environment on the unit, what is your primary role when evaluating the care provided on your nursing unit? a. Focus on cost outcomes. b. Assess staff for contentment on unit. c. Ensure quality patient care on unit. d. Provide education to the staff of the unit.

c. Ensure quality patient care on unit.

12. Which aspect of our tradition and history in nursing may impede our movement toward future-oriented thinking? a. Lack of confidence b. Focus on the discipline of nursing c. Focus on details in the everyday practice d. Mistrust of trends and new evidence

c. Focus on details in the everyday practice

10. A nurse manager must be familiar with the agency's policies regarding termination. Termination procedures include which of the following? a. Following specific procedures from other organizations b. Having an attorney present at the termination meeting c. Having adequate written documentation to support the action d. Having a friend present during the termination meeting

c. Having adequate written documentation to support the action

7. The chief nursing officer has been developing her portfolio for years. What is the chief nursing officer modeling? a. Her clinical expertise b. Affection for tradition c. Her employability d. Her busy professional life

c. Her employability

4. Which of the following situations is most likely to result in a productive, whole work situation? a. Amy, RN, 5 years of experience in the Emergency Department. Amy accepts a position working with older clients in a home health agency because she has relocated, and this is the only full-time position available. b. Adam, RN, 8 years of experience in various nursing positions, including that of a nurse manager. Adam accepts a new nurse manager position because he has a family and wants more regular hours. He is most comfortable working in direct client care. c. Louise, RN, 10 years of experience in an Emergency Department. She accepts a position as a case manager in home health care, working with older clients. She especially enjoys working with older adults and wants to take on leadership and management challenges. d. Courtney, RN, a new graduate. Courtney is getting comfortable with delivering nursing care as an RN. She is offered a position on surgery as a permanent team leader. The unit has had a great deal of turnover recently, and only limited mentorship is available.

c. Louise, RN, 10 years of experience in an Emergency Department. She accepts a position as a case manager in home health care, working with older clients. She especially enjoys working with older adults and wants to take on leadership and management challenges.

14. In order to plan long term, you consider what the client of the future will look like. Which of the following client profiles would best capture shifting demographics and trends in health care? a. Younger, knowledgeable about health options b. Female, uses emergency care services for parents and children c. Older, one or more chronic disorders, diverse background d. Male, various occupationally generated disorders, diverse ethnic background

c. Older, one or more chronic disorders, diverse background

1. As a new nurse manager, you are aware of leadership, management, and followership principles. The concept of followership is rather new as relating to leadership. What is the role of the follower in followership? a. Leading the group in task b. Submission position in organization c. Person who may influence team d. Negative meaning for worker

c. Person who may influence team

7. An experienced staff nurse applies for a distinct position of patient advocate at a new clinic. Based on the various tools available to her, which of the following should she bring to her interview to best present her skills? a. Résumé b. Annual evaluations c. Portfolio d. Patient advocacy project

c. Portfolio

3. Your organization is in the middle of re-designing patient care units, with decisions based on best practices and various other sources of evidence. In the middle of the transition, there is a temporary halt called to the transition because of a re-design of the health care system and greater emphasis on primary care. As a manager in this situation, your staff experience a gap between what they expected (the original re-design of the units) and what is actually happening (a need to integrate primary care in some way). According to Selye, the nurses on your nursing team are likely experiencing what? a. Eustress b. Distress c. Stress d. Compression

c. Stress

8. The nurse manager places a staff member on probation because of reports of chemical dependency. The nurse manager should be aware that which of the following statements is true regarding chemical dependency? a. The chemically dependent employee usually hides any changes in behavior. b. When confronted with the issue, the affected employee is usually relieved to have someone to talk to about the problem. c. The chemically dependent nurse affects the entire healthcare organization. d. Hospital policy, state laws, and nurse practice acts address procedures for the chemically dependent employee in the most general terms.

c. The chemically dependent nurse affects the entire healthcare organization.

7. A nurse is interviewing for a manager's position. Which of the following actions is considered a role preview? a. Formal commitment of the employment contract b. Improving role performance c. Touring the unit d. Disillusionment about the expectations of the job

c. Touring the unit

18. Which of the following is an example of a formal leadership position on a nursing unit? a. Staff nurse b. Unit secretary c. Unit manager d. Nursing assistant

c. Unit manager

23. As a nurse manager, you notice that one of your new nurses has provided exceptional care for a patient with especially complex needs. What would be the MOST effective way of recognizing the nurse's performance? a. At the next performance review, note specifically what the nurse did to make the patient comfortable. b. To avoid embarrassing the nurse in front of others, find a way to compliment the nurse in private. c. When the nurse comes out of the room, tell the nurse specifically what you appreciated about the care that was provided. d. Encourage the patient to note the care on the patient feedback form so that the institution can recognize the nurse's efforts

c. When the nurse comes out of the room, tell the nurse specifically what you appreciated about the care that was provided.

16. During an interview for a manager's position, you find the supervisor and staff unfriendly. Responses to questions are met with vague responses. After the interview, you decide not to pursue the position. What follow-up, if any, is most appropriate? a. There is no need for you to do anything further. You likely will not be offered the position anyway. b. You should file a complaint with human resources about the supervisor's lack of interviewing skills. c. You should send a thank-you note to the interviewer, indicating appreciation for her time. d. You should call and leave a voicemail, indicating your disinterest in the position.

c. You should send a thank-you note to the interviewer, indicating appreciation for her time.

11. Which of the following statements would best define stress? Stress is: a. the comfortable gap between how we like our life to be and how it actually is. b. everyday life, both the highs and the lows. c. a consequence or response to an event or stimulus that can be positive or negative. d. identical to distress.

c. a consequence or response to an event or stimulus that can be positive or negative.

20. County Hospital has position descriptions for all staff, including RN Team Leaders. Sarah, a team leader on the rehab unit, assesses the needs of the patients in her area, assesses the skills and backgrounds of each of the individuals on her team, and then assigns and delegates the appropriate care provider to each patient and task. Sarah's activity in the example described is termed: a. passive delegation. b. passive accountability. c. active delegation. d. active responsibility.

c. active delegation.

6. The nurse manager of a unit was demoted to staff nurse 6 months ago. Because of being near retirement, the former nurse manager wanted to be employed at the hospital and was offered a position on the same unit. The former nurse manager complains often about how infrequently the current nurse manager is available on the unit and argues with physicians and co-workers. Clients have complained about the attitude of the nurse. The behavior of the former nurse manager can be best explained as being caused by: a. overwork in the staff nurse position. b. inadequate mentoring in the new role. c. anger as a stage of the grieving process. d. demotion as a threat to personal identity.

c. anger as a stage of the grieving process.

1. As a nurse manager, you observe a staff nurse who over the past few weeks has become withdrawn and has had several absences due to minor ailments. Your best action would be to: a. ask the nurse if she is okay during report. b. refer the nurse to the employee assistance program. c. ask the nurse to meet with you for a few minutes before she leaves for the day. d. write a note to the nurse advising her that her work attendance must improve.

c. ask the nurse to meet with you for a few minutes before she leaves for the day.

22. County Hospital has position descriptions for all staff, including RN Team Leaders. Sarah, a team leader on the rehab unit, assesses the needs of the patients in her area, assesses the skills and backgrounds of each of the individuals on her team, and then assigns and delegates the appropriate care provider to each patient and task. Sarah provides Colleen, her RN colleague with details regarding the patients to whom Colleen has been assigned on the day shift. This is an example of: a. accountability. b. responsibility. c. assignment. d. delegation.

c. assignment.

1. The most important approach that a nurse manager can take with an emotionally troubled employee is to: a. act as a therapist for the employee. b. adjust the standard of care to assist the employee. c. assist the employee in obtaining professional help. d. adjust the employee's work schedule to decrease stress.

c. assist the employee in obtaining professional help.

15. In addition to providing coaching, a nurse mentor may provide counseling to the mentee. For counseling to be successful, the mentor must: a. provide a quiet environment away from the unit. b. keep the focus on technical and management responsibilities. c. assure confidentiality. d. present assignments that stretch the intellectual and technical ability of the mentee.

c. assure confidentiality.

21. An example of a career is: (Select all that apply.) a. employment in short-term contract jobs in business, nursing, and whatever is available. b. involvement in an area of practice that is regulated. c. continuous employment in the same position and the same arrangement for 20 years. d. moving into and out of nursing positions in various cities while pursuing travel and education that develop understanding of global health.

c. continuous employment in the same position and the same arrangement for 20 years. d. moving into and out of nursing positions in various cities while pursuing travel and education that develop understanding of global health.

1. The unit leader on an inpatient psychiatric unit of a large hospital has been in the position for 3 months. The unit leader is frustrated by how little time is available to work with clients and how few changes have been implemented in that time. The phase of role transition being experienced is the role of: a. acceptance. b. negotiation. c. discrepancy. d. internalization.

c. discrepancy.

20. Team Member A and Team Member B engage in heated disagreements on a frequent basis in team meetings. Their behavior is characterized by insistence on their points of view and refusal to back down or to negotiate alternative solutions once their ideas have been expressed. This behavior is characteristic of: a. autocratic leadership. b. constructive conflict. c. dualism. d. creativity.

c. dualism.

11. Sarah is a nursing graduate of 5 years who is very confident in her clinical skills. She has taken some certificate courses in leadership and management and has considered beginning a graduate degree with this focus. She is excited about being able to use her knowledge and interest by being hired as a nurse manager. Before beginning her new position, Sarah spends time with her nurse executive to clarify the executive's expectations of her and of the unit that she has been hired to manage. After beginning her new position, Sarah finds that she spends a great deal of time in direct patient care. Her staff begins to complain that they are never able to find her when they need her, and that some aspects of her responsibilities fall behind, such as scheduling. Sarah is most likely: a. lacking an understanding of the nurse management role. b. attempting to prove her clinical skills to the nursing staff. c. experiencing difficulty in unlearning old roles. d. lacking enjoyment in her new role.

c. experiencing difficulty in unlearning old roles.

5. The new nurse manager feels pulled between the expectations of staff, the demands of hospital administrators, and family obligations. According to the theory by Hardy (1978), unrelieved role stress and strain will lead to (p.471): a. frustration and anger. b. alienation of family and friends. c. low productivity and performance. d. physical symptoms and acute illness.

c. low productivity and performance.

17. A well-written letter of resignation is critical to: a. first announce your intent to resign. b. formally signal discontent in your current position. c. maintain a positive relationship with your former organization and colleagues. d. fulfill your legal obligations as a departing employee.

c. maintain a positive relationship with your former organization and colleagues.

7. The unit manager is working in a large metropolitan facility and is told that two UNPs are to be assigned to work with her. Delegation begins with: a. acknowledging the arrival of the second UNP on the unit. b. providing clear directions to both UNPs. c. matching tasks with qualified persons. d. receiving reports from the prior shift.

c. matching tasks with qualified persons.

12. Which of the following exemplifies accountability? Karen, the nurse manager on 5E: a. consistently submits her budgets on time. b. gets along well with her staff and with other managers. c. outlines her rationale for reduction of RN coverage on nights to the Nursing Practice Committee after serious patient injury. Correct d. actively solicits ideas regarding scheduling from her staff.

c. outlines her rationale for reduction of RN coverage on nights to the Nursing Practice Committee after serious patient injury. Correct

5. A nurse manager understands that the typical first step in handling an employee with a disciplinary problem is a: a. verbal reprimand. b. written reprimand. c. reminder of employment standards. d. day off without pay.

c. reminder of employment standards.

19. John, a new nurse manager, complains to his colleague that he feels very uncomfortable with the conflict between what he thinks he should be doing as the manager and what his supervisor thinks he should be doing. According to Hardy's role theory, John is experiencing: a. stress. b. role stress. c. role strain. d. role exploration.

c. role strain.

3. A unit manager recently graduated as a clinical nurse specialist with a focus in gerontology. She applied to take a certification exam. Certification is designed to recognize: a. basic knowledge in a specified area. b. advanced practice in functional roles. c. special knowledge beyond basic licensure. d. continued competence as a registered nurse.

c. special knowledge beyond basic licensure.

13. A stroke unit experiences numerous changes related to implementation of new technology, a changed nursing care delivery model, and staff turnover within a period of 6 months. Staff members begin to show signs of reluctance to implement any more changes. This exemplifies: a. a poor relationship between leaders and staff. b. lack of knowledge regarding the importance of changes. c. striving to achieve stability during great disequilibrium. d. the importance of chaos in promoting adherence with established practices.

c. striving to achieve stability during great disequilibrium.

14. In delegating to a UNP in a home health setting, which of the following represents the most appropriate delegation communication? a. "You will be taking care of Mrs. S., who needs assistance with her bath." b. "You will need to help Mrs. S. get into and out of her shower. Ensure that you check the condition of her feet, and let me know if you have any concerns when you check in." c. "I am not sure that you know how to do this, but I am giving you Mrs. S. She is quite obese and needs skin care." d. "Mrs. S. needs help to get into and out of her bathtub. Her bath will need to be completed by 10:00. When you are helping her to dry, please check between her toes and toenails, and call me by 10:30 if you notice nail discoloration or redness."

d. "Mrs. S. needs help to get into and out of her bathtub. Her bath will need to be completed by 10:00. When you are helping her to dry, please check between her toes and toenails, and call me by 10:30 if you notice nail discoloration or redness."

10. You are offered an opportunity to take a temporary leave from your position as a nurse manager to lead a technology implementation project. Which of the following reasons for accepting the opportunity is most consistent with developing a solid career path? a. You are pressured to do so by your supervisor. b. The organization has no other suitable candidate for the position. c. You have limited knowledge of information technology and no real interest, but this will increase your knowledge. d. Accepting a position outside of your established skill set may establish you organizationally as an innovative, adaptable leader.

d. Accepting a position outside of your established skill set may establish you organizationally as an innovative, adaptable leader.

16. Sally is an experienced nurse on the unit and is very experienced with ICP monitoring. She is assigned to David, a patient who has been admitted with a severe head injury. In communicating with Sally, what is an appropriate action by the charge nurse? a. Provide a detailed explanation of what she needs to do with ICP monitoring. b. Tell her when she needs to provide an update about David's status. c. Ask her to tell you what she knows about ICP monitoring and share expectations about reporting. d. Advise her that you are available if she needs you.

d. Advise her that you are available if she needs you.

7. The manager of a nursing unit is having difficulty working with a new graduate nurse. The new graduate nurse is excited and full of ideas she wants to try keeps pushing the manager to make changes. The manager decides to provide the new nurse with an opportunity to present an idea to the staff at the next meeting. What is the manager providing the new nurse? a. Leadership opportunity b. Working to improve patient care c. Input to the unit d. All of the above

d. All of the above

6. A new graduate nurse has accepted a position in an intensive care unit. The nurse is assigned to a preceptor with several years of experience. The new nurse also notices the other staff seek this nurse out for answers to questions and as a resource to the unit. What does the new nurse consider the role of the mentor nurse? a. A formal leader b. A positional leader c. An official leader d. An informal leader

d. An informal leader

10. Which of the following strategies is most important in developing a strong vision? a. Seeking out evidence to support trends and out-of-the-box thinking b. Spending time with others with whom we discuss ideas c. Setting up focus groups to provide information on current realities d. Being honest and open about what we think for the future

d. Being honest and open about what we think for the future

11. To move beyond stereotypical thinking and toward thinking about the future, which of the following would be most consistent with thinking wildly in the Wise Forecast Model©? a. Listing everything that we know about our current situation b. Defining which practices will remain unchanged and which will change c. Asking someone with a great deal of experience to share ideas about best practice d. Challenging current and future practices with questions of "what if?"

d. Challenging current and future practices with questions of "what if?"

19. After several months of heavy patient loads in the Emergency Department and inability to secure sufficient and experienced staff, the department is especially taxed by a train accident that brings in many seriously injured individuals. You observe that Rama ignores the requests of several of the injured, even when time is available to care for them and is rude to two older adult patients. You are concerned that Rama is evidencing which state? a. Hardiness b. Depression c. Role ambiguity d. Depersonalization

d. Depersonalization

21. After several months in the role of manager of a dialysis unit, Maryanne finds herself still questioning the gap in expectations between her and her staff and management and is also questioning if she can reconcile her concerns about quality care with the strong cost-containment orientation of the facility. At this point, Maryanne is in which stage of role transition? a. Internalization b. Acceptance c. Development d. Discrepancy

d. Discrepancy

13. Which one of the following statements has been proven to be true? a. Recent research has found that women do not have a unique physiologic response to stress. b. Both men and women interpret the same stressor in the same manner without regard to past experiences. c. Stress influences the immune system in one complex manner. d. Identical stressor does not necessarily have similar effects on each individual.

d. Identical stressor does not necessarily have similar effects on each individual.

6. The definition of follower has historically referred to a person who is subservient and submissive. The new principles of followership offer a different perspective. What is NOT considered an attribute of followership in nursing? a. Independent decision making b. Critical thinking c. Patient advocate d. No influence over leaders

d. No influence over leaders

5. The core of nursing leadership incorporates integration of unique qualities to include us as individuals. Which is not considered part of leadership integration? a. Person b. Leader c. Nurse d. Position

d. Position

18. Social stressors are considered a major factor in the stress nurses experience in the healthcare system. Which of the following is not considered to be a social stressor? a. High amounts of stress in the nursing home environment b. Changes in the current healthcare system such as nursing strategies c. Disruptive behavior coming from physicians and other healthcare workers d. Stress such as self-criticism and overanalyzing

d. Stress such as self-criticism and overanalyzing

12. Which of the following needs revision on a résumé or CV? a. John Jones 87 Highway Drive City, MI 79110 [email protected] b. M. Howes Anyway Highway City, MO 77700 (H) 777-777-0000 e-mail: [email protected] c. Dr. L. Jones 99 Carway Drive City, NY 84003 (H) 999-999-0000 (Cell) 999-000-9999 d. Tanya Jones 67 Honeywell Drive City, MO 66907 [email protected]

d. Tanya Jones 67 Honeywell Drive City, MO 66907 [email protected]

16. Incivility is a disruptive behavior or communication that creates a negative environment and interferes with quality patient care and safety. The manager can implement steps that help to alleviate uncivil behavior on a unit. Which of the following would not be an appropriate first step? a. Suspending the staff member from work b. Providing written admonishment that is discussed and placed in the employee's file c. Providing verbal admonishment d. Terminating the staff member

d. Terminating the staff member

15. You have just hired a recent graduate. The graduate is thrilled with the opportunity that she has been given, as well as with the idea that "working means no more essays, tests, or assignments!" She indicates that she has no intention of touching a book, journal, or health information website for a "long time." Which of the following would be your best response? a. The expectations and design of educational programs means that new graduates are better prepared for the work force. b. The new graduate will still have to learn, but it will be job-specific learning. c. An ideal learning plan for nurses emphasizes followership. d. The amount and intensity of knowledge demands lifelong learning that includes assessment of relevancy of knowledge for practice.

d. The amount and intensity of knowledge demands lifelong learning that includes assessment of relevancy of knowledge for practice.

5. The definition of leader refers to a person who has ability to guide people. In nursing, the leader does more. What is NOT a role of a leader in nursing? a. Active listening b. Open communication c. Accountability in decisions d. Tight control of decisions

d. Tight control of decisions

5. The night nurse understands that certain factors need to be considered before delegating tasks to others. These factors include the: a. complexity of the task and the age of the delegatee. b. potential for benefit and the complexity of the task. c. potential for benefit and the number of staff. d. complexity of the task and the potential for harm.

d. complexity of the task and the potential for harm.

4. A nurse manager has decided that she must institute some personal time-management steps to survive work and home life. Her first step should be to: a. determine what takes up so much of her time and energy. b. organize her personal and work spaces. c. purchase a handheld personal digital assistant to help remind her of important meetings. d. determine her personal and professional goals.

d. determine her personal and professional goals.

15. A staff nurse approaches the unit manager and indicates to her that because of her father's death in the previous month, she is now finding it very difficult to do her work effectively. This would be considered a(n) ________ stress. a. internal source b. familial c. burnout d. external

d. external

6. The chief nursing officer understands that clinical incompetence is best prevented by a(n): a. flexible protocol for evaluating competency skills. b. standardized clinical skills checklist. c. administration of personality tests and competency assessments at point of hire. d. formalized competency program with established standards for practice.

d. formalized competency program with established standards for practice.

10. In helping nurse managers to manage their time, the chief nursing officer suggests that they: a. maintain a perfectionistic attitude. b. set up a complaint list. c. have good negotiation skills. d. have good information literacy skills.

d. have good information literacy skills.

17. Sarah is a nursing graduate of 5 years who is very confident in her clinical skills. She has taken some certificate courses in leadership and management and has considered beginning a graduate degree with this focus. She is excited about being able to use her knowledge and interest by being hired as a nurse manager. Before beginning her new position, Sarah spends time with her nurse executive to clarify the executive's expectations of her and of the unit that she has been hired to manage. Sarah finds that she is comfortable with the expectations of staff and her supervisor regarding her management role and responsibilities and has been able to affect a strong commitment to quality clinical care on the unit. At this point, Sarah has likely attained this role: a. development. b. acceptance. c. symmetry. d. internalization.

d. internalization.

2. An interviewee for a nurse manager position asks for a copy of the organizational chart. Organizational charts provide information about the role component of: a. expectations. b. opportunities. c. responsibilities. d. lines of communication.

d. lines of communication.

10. You are working in a home health service and have three unlicensed nursing personnel (UNPs) assigned to your team. You have worked with two of them for 2 years; the third is new. The two experienced UNPs have patients with complex illnesses for whom they provide basic care. The third member of the team has been assigned to patients with less complex illnesses. Your best approach to supervising their care is to: a. remain in the office and ask each UNP to check in with you upon arrival at their first patient care site. b. ask another RN to supervise the two experienced assistants so you can be with the new person full time. c. meet the new staff member at the first patient care site and ask the others to call if anything is unusual. d. meet the new staff member at the first patient care site and call the others with questions to determine whether anything is unusual.

d. meet the new staff member at the first patient care site and call the others with questions to determine whether anything is unusual.

3. During an employment interview for the manager's position in a home health agency, the applicant asks questions about the medical director and about retention of staff. The nurse executive assures the applicant that the agency has few personnel problems and receives excellent support from the medical director. The applicant knows that the agency has a 50% turnover rate and has had three medical directors in the past year. The nurse executive is: a. unaware of the turnover rate and difficulties with the medical director. b. lying about the problems and hoping to resolve them by hiring the applicant. c. denying that the agency has a turnover problem with staff or medical directors. d. minimizing the challenges of the position to make a positive impression on the applicant.

d. minimizing the challenges of the position to make a positive impression on the applicant.

6. The nurse manager is implementing a shared governance model to help with communication and decision making. Although staff members like the concept, change is difficult because staff nurses feel: a. more empowerment b. more communicative. c. less stressed. d. more powerless and devalued

d. more powerless and devalued.

20. Seth is hired as the nurse manager for a surgical unit. After a year, the hospital reorganizes, and his position is lost. In leaving the unit, it is important for Seth to: a. engage in clarifying why the hospital did not state its expectations for the unit at the time of hiring. b. hire a lawyer to represent his interests during this unexpected role transition. c. seek counseling to deal with his shock and anger. d. negotiate a reasonable settlement.

d. negotiate a reasonable settlement.

18. In preparing for a fair interview process as a hiring manager, you should: a. put water out for the candidates. b. ensure that you know the names of all candidates. c. dress comfortably and professionally. d. prepare a schedule of questions to be asked of all candidates.

d. prepare a schedule of questions to be asked of all candidates.

1. You are a member of a team assigned to care for 15 general medical/surgical clients. You have all worked well together in the past in this same type of care. If you are assigned to coordinate this team's work, your best strategy, based on the Hersey model, would be to: a. have a list of tasks to be accomplished and tell each member of the team what he or she must do. b. encourage people to discuss their frustrations in providing this care. c. ignore them—they've done it before. d. provide minimal direction and let them come to you with questions.

d. provide minimal direction and let them come to you with questions.

12. Sarah is a nursing graduate of 5 years who is very confident in her clinical skills. She has taken some certificate courses in leadership and management and has considered beginning a graduate degree with this focus. She is excited about being able to use her knowledge and interest by being hired as a nurse manager. Before beginning her new position, Sarah spends time with her nurse executive to clarify the executive's expectations of her and of the unit that she has been hired to manage. A strategy that may help to make the transition to her management role and to respond to relationships and situations in her new position is: a. avoiding discussion of her personal beliefs with staff until she is ready to do so. b. finding a network of clinicians with interests similar to her own. c. researching clinical literature to maintain her clinical assessment skills for the unit. d. recognizing her strong commitment to care in the management process through journaling.

d. recognizing her strong commitment to care in the management process through journaling.

23. Leslie, a UNP, transfers a patient while using improper technique. The patient is injured, and as a result, a suit is launched in which both Sarah (the delegator) and Leslie (the delegatee) are named. Sarah is named in the suit because she: a. retains accountability for the care of the patient. b. worked the same shift as Leslie. c. has passive accountability for delegation. d. retains accountability for the outcomes of care for the patient.

d. retains accountability for the outcomes of care for the patient.

4. The new charge nurse on telemetry has been in the position for 3 months. The charge nurse and the administrator disagree on how much time the charge nurse should allot to various aspects of the role. Staff members on the unit complain that the charge nurse is unavailable for clinical concerns because of being off the unit while attending meetings. To facilitate the process of role transition, the charge nurse should: a. develop policies consistent with the head nurse's prior workplace. b. attend a workshop on how to deal with difficult people. c. decide to give the position 3 more months and then leave if things do not improve. d. schedule a series of meetings with staff and the administrator to clarify expectations.

d. schedule a series of meetings with staff and the administrator to clarify expectations.

22. The nursing director calls a meeting with one of the new unit managers. She is very concerned about a report of substance abuse on the manager's unit, and she reviews the procedures involved in dealing with chemically dependent staff. Which of the following statements would NOT be included in the discussion? "As a manager, you: a. need to be aware of ADA issues." b. should check with human resources regarding chemically dependent employees and employment practices." c. check the nurse practice acts for the state in which the nurse resides." d. should realize that the nurse is a professional embarrassment and should be kept out of sight of other staff."

d. should realize that the nurse is a professional embarrassment and should be kept out of sight of other staff."

9. The chief nursing officer reviews the policy about "progressive discipline process." The progressive discipline process includes which of the following? The manager: a. acts as a counselor and friend to the employee. b. should reprimand and suspend the employee as a last resort. c. should rehire the employee after a reasonable length of time. d. should terminate the employee if the problem persists.

d. should terminate the employee if the problem persists.

3. A key advantage that a charge nurse has in terms of delegating is that: a. clients receive less attention because too many staff make it difficult to coordinate care. b. nurses report less pressure to perform necessary tasks themselves. c. administration can predict overtime more accurately. d. team skills can be used more effectively.

d. team skills can be used more effectively.

18. When progressive discipline is used, the steps are followed progressively only for repeated infractions of the same rule. On some occasions, rules that are broken are so serious that the employee is: a. transferred to another unit. b. suspended indefinitely. c. asked to attend a union grievance meeting. d. terminated after the first infraction.

d. terminated after the first infraction.

18. "I really wish that my supervisor would realize and acknowledge all the things I do well." In nursing, this has been identified as a problem. Which statement is part of the solution? Focus on: a. new staff. b. care assignments with which the individual is not familiar. c. making corrections. d. the strengths of the individual rather than the weaknesses.

d. the strengths of the individual rather than the weaknesses.

6. Nursing research has indicated that the foundation for becoming a nursing leader is the ability to: a. write effectively. b. speak two or three languages. c. focus on day-to-day priorities. d. think futuristically.

d. think futuristically.

2. The nurse manager knows that the most serious effect that absenteeism has on the nursing unit is that: a. using replacement personnel with new ideas may be beneficial. b. salary costs are lower because personnel are fewer, and outcome is favorable. c. absence on the part of the rest of the staff is decreased. d. unacceptable patient care may result.

d. unacceptable patient care may result.

14. Sarah is a nursing graduate of 5 years who is very confident in her clinical skills. She has taken some certificate courses in leadership and management and has considered beginning a graduate degree with this focus. She is excited about being able to use her knowledge and interest by being hired as a nurse manager. Before beginning her new position, Sarah spends time with her nurse executive to clarify the executive's expectations of her and of the unit that she has been hired to manage. Sarah finds a mentor, Amy, who has been in the role of unit manager for 3 years and has a similar interest in clinical excellence. During their frequent meetings, Amy provides assistance with learning aspects of the manager's role, including technical aspects, such as how to interpret budget printouts and to achieve budget outcomes. The success of Amy's coaching depends on: a. clarity of Amy's information. b. organizational support for the mentor relationship. c. the congruence of Amy's beliefs with Sarah's beliefs. d. willingness of Sarah to receive feedback.

d. willingness of Sarah to receive feedback.

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