lecture 7

binge eating

consumption of a large amount of food in a small amount of time

amylophagia

cornstarch or laundry starch eating

Eating disorders only occur in females. a. True b. False

false

bulimia nervosa

eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors

anorexia nervosa

eating disorder characterized by extreme weight loss, poor body image, and irrational fears of weight gain and obesity

pica

regular consumption of nonfood substances

Binge-eating disorder affects an equal number of males and females. a. True b. False

true

Changes in diet and physical activity likely to be maintained tend to be small, easy to implement, and acceptable. a. True b. False

true

Geophagia can cause intestinal blockage as well as parasitic and bacterial infections. a. True b. False

true

Loss of 5% or more of body weight in obese individuals is considered clinically significant. a. True b. False

true

Often people believe that a product or service must be effective or it wouldn't be allowed on the market. a. True b. False

true

The lap-band procedure is reversible. a. True b. False

true

Treating anorexia nervosa is difficult because many people with the condition deny that problems exist and postpone treatment for years. a. True b. False

true

Two approaches to weight control related to weight loss and weight-loss maintenance are weight-loss surgery and lifestyle-based programs. a. True b. False

true

ndividuals who gain weight after a fad diet often blame themselves for the failure and not the faulty weight-loss approach. a. True b. False

true

orthorexia nervosa

unhealthy fixation on eating only perceived "healthy foods."

Geophagia _____. a. may cause growth retardation b. is associated with iron deficiency and sickle-cell anemia in some individuals c. occurs most often at night d. has no known adverse side effects e. is motivated by the need for minerals

B

Liposuction is _____. a. an effective weight-loss surgery b. considered a cosmetic procedure c. the removal of visceral fat d. a permanent fat loss method e. currently not very common in the United States

B

pagophagia

ice eating

Anorexia nervosa _____. a. may cause significant bone loss and impaired fertility b. is easily treated if treatment begins before age 16 c. may cause an unusually fast heart rate and high blood pressure d. is generally identified later in females than in males e. is increasingly seen in people with type 2 diabetes

A

Certain groups of people are at greater risk of developing anorexia nervosa than others including _____. a. competitive athletes and ballet dancers b. people with type 2 diabetes c. nurse practitioners d. pharmacists e. the elderly

A

Exposure to low levels of lead in young children can cause _____. a. reduced intelligence b. rapid growth of the long bones c. improved school performance d. feelings of euphoria e. iron deficiency

A

How does binge-eating disorder differ from bulimia nervosa? a. There is no purging after a binge. b. Large quantities of food are consumed in a short period of time. c. Depression often occurs after the binge. d. There is a feeling of a lack of control over the binge. e. Distress often occurs after the binge.

A

The goal of bulimia treatment is to _____. a. break the feast and famine cycles via nutrition and psychological counseling b. normalize exercise behaviors c. increase physical health and stabilize body weight d. identify eating triggers e. improve depression

A

What is a common feature of binge-eating disorder? a. decreased testosterone levels b. increased susceptibility to infections c. anxiety d. purging, fasting, or excessive exercise e. binge eating by oneself

A

Which small change in physical activity is easy to accomplish and will most likely be acceptable? a. Park farther from class, the store, or the office and walk. b. Start a weight-lifting program. c. Stop watching programs on the television or computer and go jogging instead. d. Do as many sit-ups and push-ups as possible in the morning and before bed. e. Jump rope for 20 minutes per day.

A

hat is a common feature of anorexia nervosa? a. increased sexual drive b. heat intolerance c. muscular body d. acne e. increased susceptibility to infections

A

Bulimia nervosa _____. a. has little effect on a person's metabolism b. may lead to heart muscle damage c. may lead to osteoporosis d. prevents weight gain e. has genetic origins

B

Bulimia nervosa is more common among _____. a. dietitians b. wrestlers c. health care professionals d. sprinters e. adults

B

Children may develop lead poisoning if they eat _____. a. paste b. paint chips c. ice d. cornstarch e. crayons

B

On average, individuals who undergo gastric bypass surgery _____. a. lose 48% of their excess body weight b. lose 60% of their excess body weight c. lose 75% of their excess body weight d. have the procedure reversed after weight loss goals are achieved e. completely resolve all of their health-related problems

B

The female athlete triad includes _____. a. pica, increased physical performance, and decreased bone mineral density b. eating disorders, menstrual cycle dysfunction, and decreased bone mineral density c. dieting to lose weight, decreased body fat, and increased endurance d. increased muscle mass, menstrual cycle dysfunction, and a high-calorie diet e. amylophagia, restrained eating, and increased blood pressure

B

Weight-control methods found to be safe and that lead to an average of _____% loss of initial body weight over a one- year period are identified as being successful. a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20 e. 25

B

What is thought to be a primary force underlying the development of eating disorders? a. lack of will power b. pressure to conform to society's standard of beauty and acceptability c. desire to eat healthy d. hormone imbalance e. pressure from family

B

Which eating disorder is closely associated with an iron-deficient state and usually stops when the iron deficiency is treated? a. orthorexia nervosa b. pagophagia c. plumbism d. amylophagia e. compulsive overeating

B

Which group of people is most likely to engage in pica? a. elderly b. young children c. men d. women e. adolescents

B

Amylophagia _____. a. commonly occurs in children b. commonly occurs in men c. commonly occurs during pregnancy d. causes extremely low body weight e. causes irregular heartbeats

C

In most cases, bulimia nervosa starts _____. a. with an intense fear of gaining weight b. due to a comment made by a parent, coach, or friend about the person's weight c. with voluntary dieting to lose weight d. due to low self-esteem e. due to low estrogen levels

C

Individuals who have undergone gastric bypass surgery _____. a. have a stomach capacity of approximately two cups b. have a stomach capacity of approximately four cups c. should take a multivitamin and mineral supplements due to changes in absorption d. cannot stretch their stomach by increasing food intake e. generally notice that their skin retracts on its own after fat stores are lowered

C

Lap-band surgery _____. a. cannot be adjusted b. is higher-risk then gastric bypass surgery c. produces a small stomach pouch by constricting the upper part of the stomach with a band d. removes visceral fat and subcutaneous fat from the abdomen e. is a short-term weight-loss method

C

Gastric bypass surgery is approved for use by the FDA for _____. a. adults and adolescents with a BMI over 35 kg/m2 b. adults with a BMI over 35 kg/m2 c. adults and adolescents with a BMI over 40 kg/m2 d. adults with a BMI over 40 kg/m2 e. adults and adolescents with a BMI over 45 kg/m2

D

Joyce is an obese adult who weighs 250 pounds. She would like to try a new weight-loss method and wanted to know how much weight she would have to loose for it to be clinically significant a. 2.5 pounds b. 5 pounds c. 10 pounds d. 12.5 pounds e. 15 pounds

D

People must experience eating binges once a week or more on average over a period of _____ to be diagnosed with binge-eating disorder. a. 1 week b. 3 weeks c. 1 month d. 3 months e. 6 months

D

The use of weight-control programs that include _____ lead to greater weight loss. a. dietary changes only b. physical activity only c. herbal remedies only d. dietary changes and physical activity e. physical activity and herbal remedies

D

While reading a magazine James notices an ad for a safe weight loss supplement that promises rapid weight loss. Which claims and/or terms used in the ad are red flags? a. safe only b. promises rapid weight loss c. supplement only d. safe; promises rapid weight loss e. safe; supplement

D

What are the most likely causes of bulimia nervosa? a. depression and social anxiety, not food intake issues b. genetic and prenatal factors, not environmental factors c. abnormal mechanisms for regulating food intake only d. social anxiety and genetic factors e. depression and abnormal mechanisms for regulating food intake

E

What is the field of medicine concerned with weight loss? a. nephrology b. hematology c. abdominal radiology d. anesthesiology e. bariatrics

E

What is the most effective method for weight loss and weight maintenance available? a. Redux b. orlistat c. liposuction d. lap-band surgery e. gastric bypass surgery

E

Which mineral is often poorly absorbed after gastric bypass surgery? a. chromium b. sodium c. magnesium d. potassium e. calcium

E

geophagia

clay or dirt eating

5. The majority of people with bulimia nervosa use laxatives and diuretics to prevent weight gain. a. True b. False

false

A number of dietary supplements and medications sold over the Internet are currently approved by the FDA as safe or effective for weight loss. a. True b. False

false

Anorexia nervosa only affects people between the ages of 16 and 25. a. True b. False

false

Any popularized approach to quick weight loss that calls for a reduction in caloric intake will produce long-term weight loss. a. True b. False

false

Liposuction effectively removes fat that lies underneath muscles or that surrounds organs. a. True b. False

false

Liquid cleanses made with hot water, lemon juice, cayenne pepper, and maple syrup increase your energy. a. True b. False

false

People with bulimia nervosa tend to be underweight. a. True b. False

false

Pica exists due to nutrient deficiencies. a. True b. False

false

Requirements for truth in labeling keep outrageous claims from being made in infomercials, on the Internet, or printed in newspapers, books, magazines, and advertisements. a. True b. False

false

Services for eating disorders are best delivered by health care teams that specialize in the treatment mental illness. a. True b. False

false

The American College of Sports Medicine recommends at least 20 minutes of moderate physical activity for weight loss in overweight and obese adults. a. true b. false

false

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention oversees the manufacturing of weight-loss supplements and other products ensure effectiveness. a. True b. False

false

The female athlete triad is most common in athletes engaged in swimming, volleyball, and soccer. a. True b. False

false

The lap-band procedure is associated with greater levels of weight loss than gastric bypass surgery. a. True b. False

false