Lesson 12 Eos, Helios and Selene (pp. 80-89)

centaur

creature that is half horse, half man

50 sisters

daughters of Selene

Eos' method of announcing a new day

dipped her rosy fingers in a dew filled cup and sprinkled drops over the flowers and trees

Heliades

five daughters of Helios

supple

flexible, limber

zodiac

the 12 principal constellations

Selene

the moon

Helios

the sun

wizened

withered, dried up

Tithonus

Eos husband; granted eternal life

Distinguish between Helios and Apollo

Helios is the sun god, Apollo is the god of light and one of the Olympian gods

Phaēthon

Helios' mortal son

Punished for hubris

Phaethon

Which trees are a reminder of the grieving Heliades

Poplar tree serves as a reminder

Endymion

Selene's husband

What happened on earth when Phaethon drove too high or low

When the chariot was too close to the earth, the ground cracked from the heat, rivers and lakes dried up. When the chariot was too high, the earth froze and turned to ice

What ended Phaethon's reckless ride

Zeus threw a thunderbolt at Phaethon when his chariot was out of control which caused the chariot to fly apart and plunge him to his death in the River Po

Selene's nightly travels

as the sun set, Selene drove her milk-white horses across the sky, her pale moonbeams fell on the sleeping earth

vessel

boat or ship

radiance

brillance, emission of heat and light

satyr

hedonistic woodland creature with goat's features

steeds

horses, stallions

bleating

making the sound of goats or sheep

Helios' daily routine

mounted his glowing chariot, drove out the palace gates when Eos' opened them, drove his chariot to the vault of the heavens, stopped at high noon to look around then raced with his 4 steeds to the far east bringing dusk, at night he boarded a gold vessel and returned to the east

rashly

recklessly, with haste or boldness

What happened to Tithonus

shriveled and shrank, turned into a tiny old man, since he couldn't die, he withered until turning into a grasshopper, chirping for all eternity

slumber

sleep

How Phaethon got to drive Helios' chariot

swore by the River Styx to give Phaethon any wish, and his wish was to drive Helios' chariot, Helios had to honor his promise even though he knew no one could handle his steeds

Eos

the gentle dawn; mother of the Four Winds

withering

to dry up, shrivel from loss of moisture

What Eos forgot to ask Zeus to give Tithonus

to grant eternal youth with eternal life