Lesson 1.2 Study Guide
What pH level do most pathogenic microbes?
7.0 (neutral)
What are the oxygen requirements of a strict anaerobe?
Absence of free oxygen
What term describes a relationship in which one organism inhibits the growth of the other?
Anatagonism
What is the difference in nutritional requirements between an autotropic bacteria and heterotropic bacteria?
Autotropic bacteria are self-nourishing, Heterotropic bacteria must obtain their nourishment from complex organic matter
The term for a visible group of bacteria growing on a solid medium, presumably arising from a single microorganism.
Bacterial Colony
What term describes a relationship in which only one organism benefits while there is no harm or benefit to the other?
Commensalism
What type of substrate will an obligate saprophyte consume?
Dead/decaying organic matter
What oxygen requirement is preferred by a a facultative aerobe for best growth?
Devoid of oxygen (prefers to be an anaerobe)
Describes the life of a facultative parasite that is only given inorganic matter; grows well, survives minimally, or dies?
Dies
What are the oxygen requirements of an obligate aerobe?
Free oxygen
Describe the life of a facultative parasite that is only given non-living organic matter: grows well, survives minimally, or dies.
Grows well
Generally speaking, which type of bacteria will cause disease in humans: autotrophs or heterotroph?
Heterotroph
What effect does light (specifically ultraviolet sunlight) have on pathogenic bacteria?
It kills or deters the growth
What type of substrate will a strict parasite consume?
Living organic food source (aka a host)
What type of substrate (living or non-living organic matter) would a facultative saprophyte consume for best growth?
Living organic matter
The term for the temperature above which the bacterial growth will not take place:
Maximum Temperature
That term describes bacteria that prefer moderate temperatures?
Mesophile
What classification of temperature requirement are most pathogenic microbes that cause disease in the human body?
Mesophile
The term for a microbe requiring oxygen in small amounts
Microaerophilic
The term for the temperature below which bacterial growth will not take place:
Minimum Temperature
The term for organisms that are free-living and do not require relationships for survival.
Non-Symbiotic
What type of substrate (living or non-living organic matter) would facultative parasite consume for best growth?
Non-living organic matter
The term for the temperature at which an organism grows best:
Optimum Temperature
What term describes a relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is harmed?
Parasitism
What term describes bacteria that prefer cold temperatures?
Psychophile (crypophile)
What are the two general types of heterotrophs?
Saprophyte and parasite
Describe the life of a facultative anaerobe when place in an oxygen-free environment: grows well, survives minimally, or dies.
Survives Minimally
Describe the life of a facultative parasite that is only given living organic matter: grows well, survives minimally, or dies.
Survives minimally
What term describes a relationship in which two different organisms live in close nutritional association with one another?
Symbiosis
What term describes a relationship in which two organisms grow better together but can surive alone?
Synergism
What does "facultative" mean with regard to nutritional and oxygen requirements?
The microorganism prefers to be one type of heterotroph and will thrive in that environment; however if can adapt and survive minimally as the opposite type of heterotroph
What term describes bacteria that thrive at higher temperatures?
Thermophile
