Lesson 4: Strong Rulers Unite China Honors World History A Unit 5: Ancient India and China

Great wall Started Built by

shi wangdi

What did the Qin Emperor Shi Huangdi consider a leader's greatest virtue?

strength

Sui

581-618

monopoly

A market in which there are many buyers but only one seller.

expansionism

A policy that calls for expanding a nation's boundaries.

How was Gazou able to raise a new empire?

Anger over persecution and other harsh policies under Shi Huangdi led to revolts that toppled the Qin and left the region open to new leadership.

What factors helped Buddhism spread through China?

Buddhist missionaries and traders from India had spread Mahayana Buddhism to China. Buddhism was popular in times of crisis, as it promised escape from suffering. The Buddha was seen as a compassionate god. Through prayer, good works, and devotion, anyone could hope to gain salvation.

acupuncture

Chinese medical practice of inserting needles into certain areas of the body

How was the Silk Road used to bring ideas to and from China?

Chinese technologies such as paper, printing, gunpowder, and the magnetic compass all traveled west on the Silk Road, as did Confucian ideas. Cultural influences, like Buddhism and Islam, were absorbed into China from its trading partners. New knowledge about astronomy and mathematics also spread to China from Arab, Indian, and European sources.

How did Emperor Wudi change government?

Emperor Wudi replaced the system of family relations with a civil service based on merit.

Shi Huangdi

Founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire (r. 221-210 B.C.E.). He is remembered for his ruthless conquests of rival states and standardization. (163

How did Shi Huangdi impose allegiance to a central government?

He abolished feudalism and replaced feudal states with military districts run by loyal government officials. He gave the nobles' lands to peasants and forced noble families to move to the capital so he could monitor them.

Why was a well-ordered civil service of benefit to the Han government?

It created a network of Confucian scholar-officials who had won their government positions through merit rather than family ties. This would suggest they were the most qualified to be an official. Also, it created a strong system of Confucian values within Chinese government that lasted for centuries.

Why did Emperor Wudi impose a monopoly on salt and iron?

It provided the government with a revenue source other than taxation.

What can you conclude about the kind of ruler Shi Huangdi was based on the terra cotta army that he commissioned for his tomb?

Shi Huangdi was a strong, ruthless, controlling, and highly organized leader capable of overseeing large-scale building projects. The text says that Shi Huangdi was a strong military leader who unified China after "nearly 20 years conquering most of the warring states." As emperor, Shi Huangdi had a sense of his own importance. Shi Huangdi shared traditional Chinese beliefs in the afterlife, since the army was created to protect his mausoleum.

warlord

a local leader of an armed group

civil servant

a person who works for a government

How did Han try to unify China?

by lowering taxes and rolling back Legalist policies as well as by hiring Confucian scholars as royal advisors

Wudi

emperor under the Han Dynasty that wanted to create a stronger central government by taking land from the lords, raising taxes and places the supply of grain under the government's control

Emperor Sui wendi created

the grand council and helped build the great wall also started the impeiila collage test.

People under the SUi dynasty

were mostly Buddhists.