LETRS Unit 3 Session 4

Which of the following letter names and corresponding sounds are easiest to learn, and why?

"d," "j," "p," "z," because their corresponding sounds come first in the letter names

"Thud" has three phonemes. With which phonemes might a Spanish-speaking EL have difficulty?

All the phonemes could cause difficulty.

Which grouping of letters best supports instruction in letter formation, and why?

Group all letters that begin with a downstroke (e.g., "b," "n") together.

short /o/

October

Why didn't the teacher use "ship" as a key word instead of "snake"? Select all that apply.

She is not teaching the digraph "sh." AND The first sound in "ship" is /sh/, not /s/.

Which is the most effective order of instruction for teaching a new letter formation?

Skywrite with wide arm motions; write as teacher describes; practice.

When and how should letter names be taught?

Teach one new letter every 1-2 days.

Which guideline(s) should teachers follow when choosing key words for sound-spelling cards? Select all that apply. a. Avoid words in which nasalization affects the way a vowel is pronounced, such as angry for /ă/. b. Avoid words that can have more than one meaning, like pen or run. c. Avoid words in which a consonant appears as part of a blend, such as stop for /s/. d. Avoid words with phonemes that sound like letter names, like empty (m - t).

a. Avoid words in which nasalization affects the way a vowel is pronounced, such as angry for /ă/. c. Avoid words in which a consonant appears as part of a blend, such as stop for /s/. d. Avoid words with phonemes that sound like letter names, like empty (m - t).

Which activities are recommended to help students develop visual-motor skills before they learn to form letters? Select all that apply. a. tracing and drawing geometric shapes b. drawing circles and lines on sandpaper c. writing lines and circles with a pencil on paper d. skywriting in the air with large movements

a. tracing and drawing geometric shapes b. drawing circles and lines on sandpaper d. skywriting in the air with large movements

Don't Use

ambulance, order, on, earth, east, open, urban, under, elevator, ice, Alaska, in

short /a/

astronaut

When teaching letter formation, which strategy can be used to group letters together for instruction? a. Work through the alphabet in order, teaching 5-6 letters at a time. b. Group letters with similar overall shapes and/or first strokes. c. Group letters that represent categories of sounds (e.g., vowels, stopped consonants). d. Teach frequently used letters like e and t first, gradually progressing to less often used letters like q and x.

b. Group letters with similar overall shapes and/or first strokes.

examples for problematic consonants

desk, top, fox, game, run, white, think

Which key word is the best example of the short "e" sound-symbol correspondence?

echo

short /e/

edge

After blending activities are introduced, these activities need to be modeled only once or twice a week.

false

short /i/

it

Which set(s) of words would work well for introducing blending routines? Select all that apply.

kit, sad, map AND fad, pop, bed

Which of the following letter-sound correspondences should be taught early on?

m, s, t, a

Why did the teacher have the students scrape with their hands when they heard the sound /k/ in a word?

to help students pay attention to how they scrape their tongues when making the sound /k/

Instead of having students move their hands like a snake for the sound /s/, the teacher could ask students to point to a picture of a snake.

true

Knowledge of letter names in kindergarten is an excellent predictor of later reading success. true false

true

Students should establish a habit of trying to blend all the sounds in a word before they "adjust" or "flex" the pronunciation to make a real word. true false

true

short /u/

uptown