Life Nutrition Health & Wellness Vocabulary: Chapter 16 & 17

Deglutition

act of swallowing

Emesis

act of vomiting, vomit

Anuria

complete suppression of excretion by kidneys, absence of urine

Urination

discharge or passage of urine

Defecation

evacuation of waste or fecal material from rectum

Albuminuria

excess protein in the urine

Flatulence

excessive air or gas in stomach or intestines leading to distention of organs

Bulimia

excessive binge eating, which may be followed by self-induced vomiting or purging

Oliguria

excretion of diminished amount of urine in relation to fluid intake

Bile

fluid that helps digest fat in the small intestine; produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder

Diuresis

increased excretion of urine

Enema

liquid instilled into rectum

Alactasia

malabsorption of lactose caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase

Villus

one of many tiny vascular projections on the surface of the small intestine

Dysuria

painful or difficult urination

Polyuria

passage of large amount of urine in given time

Micturition

passage of urine, urination

Urinalysis

physical, chemical, or microscopic examination of urine

Hematuria

presence of blood in urine

Glycosuria

presence of sugar in urine

Mastication

process of chewing food

Pyuria

pus in the urine

Sphincter

ringlike band of muscle that closes a passage or opening

Bolus

rounded mass of food

Dialysis

separating particles from a fluid by filtration through a semipermeable membrane

Cholecystectomy

surgical removal of the gallbladder

Ingestion

taking food or medicine into the body through the mouth

Chyme

thick, semiliquid contents of stomach during digestion

Void

to empty, urinate, or defecate

Endoscopy

visual inspection of a body cavity with a scope

Peristalsis

wavelike series of contractions of the digestive system that propels the contents

Jaundice

yellow appearance resulting from bile pigment stored in the skin and sclera of the eyes