Lifeguarding - Chapter 9 - Cardiac Emergencies
what is the objective of CPR?
to perfrom a combination of effective chest compressions and ventilations to circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vicimt's brain and other vital organs
using an AED has priority over what?
using a BVM or administering emergency oxygen
if heart attack victim is alert/awake, what should you ask them?
-are you allergic to asprin? -so you have a stomach ulcer or disease? -are you taking any blood thinners?
signs and symptoms for heart attack include..
-chest discomfort =chest pain that comes and goes -pale or ashen skin, around face usually -nausea or vomiting -dizziness of light headedness -fatigue
what are some causes of cardiac arrest?
-heart attack -drowning -electrocution -respiratory arrest
pediatric chain of survival consists of what 5 steps?
-injury prevention and safety -early CPR -early emergency care -pediatric advanced life support -integrated post-cardiac arrest care
cardia chain of survival for adults consists of what 5 links?
-recognize emergency and call 911 -early CPR -early defibrillation -advanced life support -integrated post, cardiac arrest care
older adults and those with diabetes are more likely to experience what when having a heart attack?
-shortness of breath -nausea or vomiting -back or jaw pain -unexplained fatigue or malaise
what are signs of cardiac arrest?
-sudden collapse unresponsiveness abnormal breathing no pulse
if you think someone is having a heart attack, what should you do?
-take immediate action and summon EMS -have victim rest in comfortable position -loosen tight clothing -monitor victim until EMS takes over -be prepared to perform CPR and use AED
for each minute CPR and defibrillation are delayed, the victim's chance for survival is reduced by..?
10 %
compressions given at the correct rate are at least ___ per minute to a max of ___ per minute...
100 per minute to a max of 120 per minute
what does EMS stand for?
emergency medical services
what is an AED
Portable electronic device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and proves and electrical shock
causes of cardiac arrests in children include...
airway breathing problems traumatic injuries hard blow to chest heart disease sudden infant death syndrome
if VF and VT is not corrected, all electrical activity will eventually cease a condition called what?
asystole
What does an AED stand for?
automatic external defibrillator
what does a BVM stand for?
bag valve mask
what does a CCF stand for and what is it?
chest compression fraction term used to denote the proportion of time that chest compressions are performed
3 roles for multiple rescuer response for an unresponsive victim may include..
circulation -compressions airway - maintains open airway breathing - uses bag valve mask on victim
what does an MI stand for? what is it?
myocardial infarction/heart attack -when muscle of heart suffers a loss of oxygenated blood
when does cardiac arrest occur?
occurs when the heart stops beating or beats too irregularly tor weakly to circulate blood effectively
what are two common treatable abbnormal thythms that cause sudden cardiac arrest...
ventricular fibrillation (VF) venticular tachycardia (VT)
you should use an AED on the following..
vicim experiencing cardiac arrest pregnant victim who has a pacemaker
once you begin CPR, only stop when...
you see obvious sign of life an aed is ready ems takes over alone and to exhausted situation becomes unsafe
