Lit Semester Final

critical thinking

a process involving several overlapping operations

flashback

a technique of narration in which the sequence of events is interrupted to recall an earlier period

image

a word or word sequence that evokes a sensory experience

cliche

a worn out expression that writers employ thoughtlessly

the aim of this book is to provide you with?

ample and varied resources that will help you develop your skills as a reader and writer

to learn from a selection, plan to spend how much time?

an hour or two in its company

whatever career you choose, reading will be what?

an integral part of your work

this type of thinking separates items into its parts

analysis

effective titles do more than lure readers in, they also hint at what?

at what to expect from a work

why is keeping a journal handy effective?

because it can be a repository for your ideas

why is knowing the year a work appeared important?

because it may give you another key to understanding it

why is knowing there the work first appeared important?

because it tells about the author's intentions

the book teaches students to?

become good writers through reading

in college you will read and write in many disciplines- history, psychology, chemistry, and so on- each with its own purpose. this is called what?

building knowledge

how do you tell a story by summary?

by relating events concisely. just the essentials

how do you tell a story by scene?

by visualizing each event as vividly and precisely as if you were there

not only will reading the work of other writers help you develop your skill as a ____, but much of the reading you do will result in writing

communicator

what are usually inseparable because two subjects are generally neither entirely alike or entirely unlike?

comparison and contrast

a narrative must include a memorial?

conclusion

critical thinking discussed in the chapter will serve you in just about every aspect of your life, such as?

consumer, voter, friend, or parent

what reports the testimony of your senses? it also invites your readers to imagine that they, too, not only see but perhaps also hear, taste, smell, and touch the subject you describe

description

reported speech, in quotation marks, is called?

dialog

what kind of process analysis explains how to do something or how to make something?

directive

what stages do writers go through?

discovery, drafting, revising, and editing

process analysis divides a subject into its components?

divides a continuous action into stages

what is like the thesis statement of your description and the main idea about your subject that you want readers to take away with them?

dominant impression

many prophets predicted the?

doom of words on paper

such reading, like writing itself, demands?

effort

writing well demands, and rewards, a willingness to work recursively- to begin tentatively and then to double back, to welcome change and?

endure frustration, to recognize process and move forward

fallacies

errors in reasoning

when you what, you determine the adequacy, significance, or value of a work?

evaluate

figures of speech

expressions that depart from the literal meanings of words for the sake of emphasis or vividness

for evidence, what will the writer use?

facts, reasons, examples, and expert opinions

make sure that when you are writing a classification essay that you?

have a purpose, principle of classification, consistency, completeness, and paragraph development

writing while reading helps you uncover?

hidden workings of an essay

you must appeal to the reader's senses. how do you do this?

imagery

sometimes process analysis is used?

imaginatively

next, you draw conclusions about a work based on your store information, this is called making an?

inference

what explains how something is done or how it takes place?

informative

writers hold our?

interests

"a writer" says saul bellow?

is a reader moved to emulate

before you begin to write a description, go?

look at your subject

a crucial part of a writer's strategy is how he or she develops ideas to achieve a particular purpose or purposes. this is referred to as the author's?

method

what is a powerful tool, which can be used to engage and hold the attention of listeners?

narrations and storytelling

what is the person telling the story called?

narrator

when you ____, you restate a specific passage in your own words

paraphrase

learning about the writer can help you?

predict something about the work

by what, we mean the writer's apparent reason for writing? what the author wants to achieve?

purpose

when reading an essay, looking especially for the thesis, and try to determine the author's?

purpose for writing

what can support sources and enliven your own ideas?

quotations

the book combines?

readings on topics that matter with supportive instruction

classification essays can?

reveal truth or amuse us

the book takes a practical and flexible approach to the?

rhetorical methods

complex classification means?

sort things into multiple categories

binary classification means?

sort things out into those with a certain distinguishing feature and those without it

jargon

special vocabulary of a trade or profession

a writer must mold and arrange ideas to capture, hold, and direct reader's interest. this is known as?

structure

there are two ways to organize a comparison and contrast essay?

subject by subject or point by point

in a ____ you use your own words to condense a paragraph, and entire article, or even a book into few lines that convey the essential meaning

summary

during what do you use your special aptitudes, interests, and training to reconstitute a text so that it now contains more than original elements?

synthesis

identifying the type, or genre, of a work can do what?

tell you much about the intentions

already, many of us are reading books and magazines mainly on mobile devices and communicating mostly by?

text messages

chronological order

the arrangement of events at they occurred or occur in time, first to last

genre

the category in which a price of writing fits

thesis statement

the central idea in a work of writing, to which everything else in the work refers

diction

the choice of words

evidence

the details that support an argument or an explanation

editing

the final stage of the writing process during which a writer corrects errors

exposition

the mode of prose writing that explains its subject. its function is to inform, to instruct, or to set forth ideas

body

the part of the essay (usually several paragraphs) that develops the author's main idea

effect

the result of an event or action

revision

the stage of the writing process during which a writer "re-sees" a draft from the viewpoint of a reader

drafting

the stage of the writing process during which a writer expresses ideas in complete sentences

a trick of comparison and contrast will be to balance?

the treatment of both subjects while allowing them to breathe

what is parallelism?

the use of similar grammatical forms for elements of similar importance, either within or among sentences

plagiarism

the use of someone else's ideas or words as if they were your own without acknowledging the original author

organization

the way ideas and supporting evidence are structured in the body

the job of a classification essay is to sort things into groups based on?

their similarities and differences

what is the essay's main idea the writer wants to communicate?

thesis

the process for a process analysis has you go through a checklist, what is the list?

thesis, organization, completeness, definitions, transitions, and consistency

what is the checklist for revising a narrative?

thesis, point of view, selection of events, organization, transitions, dialog, and verbs

you must understand clearly the process you are about to analyze?

think it through

inferences

to draw a conclusion

there are two purposes of writing a comparison and contrast essay?

to explain the similarities and differences between two things or to choose between two things, or evaluate them

evaluate/evaluation

to judge the merits of something or the act or the result of doing so

the purpose of critical reading is what?

to look beneath the surface of a text, seeking to understand the creators intentions, the strategies of achieving them, and their effects

classify

to make sense of some aspect of the world by arranging many units

the purpose can be?

to reflect, entertain, explain, and persuade

analyze

to separate a subject into its parts

assume/assumption

to take something, belief, or an opinion personal

when writing, you must pay attention to language, because the writer's __________ can help express meaning and convey the writer's attitude

tone, voice, and choice of words

steps or stages in the process?

understand clearly the process you are about to analyze consider your thesis think about preparatory steps list the steps or stages in the process check the completeness and order of the steps define your terms use time-markers be specific revise

what question should you ask yourself when you analyze a text?

what is the thesis? what is the purpose? who is the intended audience?

a crucial aim of classification is to make sure each group is clear?

what's counted in, what's counted out, and why

when you read someone else's writing, you must write an educated response. you must include?

whether you extend ideas, agree with points, or disagree with the author

colloquial expressions

words and phrases occurring primarily in speech and in informal writing that seeks a relaxed tone

the purpose of the book is to move students to be?

writers

academic writing

writing taken on by scholars or students, responding to authors writing

summarizing

you digest, in your own words, what the author says