Literature Review

Secondary Source

-Summary of material, critique, analysis of a theory, topic, practice. -Published articles or books that are written by persons other than the individual who developed the theory or conducted the research study.

1. CMS Never Events 2. NQF - Nusing - Sensitive Quality Indicators

Why do I need know what is in literature - beyond textbooks: _______, _________

Concept(s)

-An image or symbolic representation of an abstract idea. -The researcher uses a set of these or a particular theory or set of theories to build the theoretical foundations of a study -They are the major components of theory and convey the abstract ideas within a theory.

Literature Review in a Study

-Critically evaluates the literature pro and con to the study's purpose. -Concludes with a summary statement pulling the literature together to show how it under pins the study's purpose, objective, aim, question and hypothesis -Critical review not a criticism

Research Purposes

-Develop Conceptual/Theoretical Frame-work using Primary and Secondary Sources. -Problem Statement & Hypothesis Refinement -Design & Methodology-Samples, Instruments -Analysis & Outcomes -Informs a Study's Development

Referred Journals

-Peer-reviewed, blind review by an external reviewer(s). Judged with a set of criteria. -Your first choice when looking for theoretical, clinical, or research articles.

Systematic Review

-Purpose- PICO question subsumed in introduction -Database searched -Years -Key Terms used -Inclusion/exclusion criteria -Literature synthesized, summarized and appraised, usually a table for presentation

Primary Source

-Research or Data-Based, Presentation of an Original Theory. -Articles and books by the original author.

Literature Review (In a research study)

-Systematic and critical evaluation of scholarly literature on a specified topic. -Summary, succinct, adequately represents positive and negative findings of an area. -Adequate number of resources -Synthesis -Provides basis for research study.

Literature Review - Research

-Theoretical/Conceptual Framework -Primarily Primary Sources -Research Question & Hypothesis -Design & Method -Outcome of Analysis

Literature Review for EBP or QI-purpose.

-Uncovers a new practice or supporting evidence for a practice -Promotes EBP, policies, standards -Provides a synthesis of information

Critiquing a Literature Review

-Was a brief synthesis of each article included with limitations and contributions to current study? -Purpose /research question -Type of design -Sample type and size -Data collection -Measurement instruments (Reliability and Validity) -Findings -Conclusion

Overall purposes of a literature review

1. Determines what is known and unknown about a subject, concept, or problem 2. Determines gaps, consistencies, inconsistencies in the literature about a subject, concept, or problem. 3. Discovers conceptual traditions used to examine problems. 4. Generates useful research questions and hypotheses. 5. Determines an appropriate research design, methodology, and analysis for answering the research questions or hypotheses based on an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of earlier works. 6. Determines the need for replication of a study or refinement of a study. 7. Synthesizes the strengths and weaknesses and findings of available studies on a topic/problem. 8. Uncovers a new practice intervention(s), or gains supporting evidence for revising or maintaining current intervention(s), protocols, and policies. 9. Promotes evidence-based revision and development of new practice protocols, policies, and projects/activities related to nursing practice. 10. Generates clinical questions that guide development of evidence-based practice projects.

1. 3 years 2. 5 years

A general timeline for most academic or evidence-based practice papers/projects is to go back in the literature at least ______ years, but preferably ______ years, although some research projects may warrant going 10 or more years.

1. Chronologically 2. Conceptually 3. Comparatively

A literature review can be organized in three ways:

Theory

A set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena.

Conceptual Literature

Also known as theoretical literature and would include a chapter in a book on (about) family theory. Integrative reviews or a clinical article.

Data-Based Literature

Also known as research literature (empirical) and would include both qualitative and quantitative research reports

1. Evidence-Based Project 2. Metaanalysis 3. Systematic Review 4. Integrative Reviews 5. Metasynthesis

Consumer Perspective: Course Paper-Formal Review: -________: Ask, Gather -________/_______/_______: Quantitative -_________: Qualitative -Clinical Guidelines -All are very formal analysis processes with their own charcteristics.

1. Gaps and Inconsistencies in Literature. 2. Need to extend knowledge. 3. Leads to purpose of study.

Critiquing a Literature Review: Was a synthesis paragraph used to conclude the review that highlights: ________, _________, _______

1. Validate Current Practice 2. Minor Practice Changes 3. Major Practice Changes

Decision Point: is the Research Base Sufficient for Practice? -Consistency of Findings -Feasibility for Practice -Risk/Benefit Ratio ----------> 1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________

1. Ask 2. Gather 3. Assess, Appraise 4. Act 5. Evaluate

Evidence Based Practice Steps: 1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______

To develop a strong knowledge base to carry out a research study or an evidence-based practice project.

Overall Purpose of a literature review is?

Rationale for nursing intervention

Reviewing the Literature For EBP: Evidence-based practice- Helps to develop evidence based practice question and provide rationale evidence-based practice --->Supports ___________.

Conceptual Definition

This includes the general meaning of a concept.

Operational Definition

This includes the method used to measure the concept; once the concept is linked to a measurement method or instrument, it is regarded as a variable.

1. Retrieve Literature 2. Critically evaluate the literature for practice 3. Synthesize the critically evaluated literature

When conducting a search from the research consumer perspective you should: 1._________ 2._________ 3._________