Living Environment Regents August 2024 Examination Part 2
How many bird species represented in the diagram are strictly carnivores?
1
Use data frome one or both graphs to describe the effect of the stocking rate of sheep on seedlings of these wilding pines.
As the stocking rate is increased, the height of the seedlings decreases.
Explain why increasing our use of solar energy worldwide could result in a decrease in global temperatures.
Increasing solar energy world wide decreases the carbon dioxide released from the fossil fuels. Solar can produce useful energy and lower global temperatures.
The effect of this feeding relationship between the mosquito and the human can best be described as:
Number 3
Which row contains a correct explanation of how the body would use the candy bar?
Row 2 has the correct explanation of how the body would use the candy bar.
Using CT imaging, scientists discovered that Tiktaalik had fin bones similar to those in tetrapod limbs. It also had lungs. Identify what additional evidence, other than fin bones and lungs, scientists could use to determine if Eusthenopteron is related to Tiktaalik.
Scientists could use other structural similarities seen on the CT images.
Explain why early scientists might classify Eusthenopteron as a species of fish that is not closely related to Tiktaalik.
Scientists might classify Eusthenopteron as a a species that is not closely related to Tiktaalik because it has fins, scales and eyes on side of head.
Seeing the rate of population increase between 1971 and 1975, some scientists became concerned and started to think they might have to do something to slow down this trend. Explain why these scientists might have thought that the rapid population increase could have negative environmental effects.
Scientists thought tha the rapid population increase could have negative impact on the environment because the animals might use up all of the available food. This would cause a great decrease in the wildebeest population and would likely affect the environment for other population.
Predict how the appearance of human blood cells would change if they were placed in a concentrated salt solution.
The appearance of human blood cells would change because the water will leave the blood cells and this would cause the cells to shrink and get smaller.
Describe two different factors that limited the size of the wildebeest population, one before and one after the rinderpest vaccination program.
Two different factors that limited the size of the wildebeest population before the rinderpest vaccination program, disease primarily limited the wildebeest population. After the rinderpest vaccination program the habitat food supply limited the size of the population.
Which three human body systems are most directly involved in converting the energy in food to energy needed to do an activity such as jumping jacks?
digestive, respiratory, and circulatory.
Based on the data in the table, identify the species that would most likely have the greatest chance of surviving if their environment changed slowly over the course of 10,000 years.
racoon
Based on these sequences, which species, X, Y, or Z, is most closely related to Botana curus?
species Z, because there are no amino acid differences.
If scientists were going to test this hypothesis, the best way would be to select a test group and develop a research plan that includes collecting data when:
the kakapo test group is divided in half, and one-half is fed unlimited food and the other a reduced amount of food.
In the Relationships and Biodiversity lab, the enzyme used for the gel electrophoresis cut the DNA into fragments by recognizing the sequence CCGG and cutting in between C and G. Using the same enzyme on the DNA sequence below, how many fragments would be generated?
3
Describe one important role of mitosis in the formation of an embryo.
An embryo cannot grow unless it adds new cells. These new cells are formed by the process of mitosis.
Explain how drinking a starch solution several times a day can help maintain homeostasis for a person with glycogen storage disease.
Drinking starch solution several times a day can help maintain homeostasis because the starch can be broken down into glucose to maintain homeostasis.
The diagram below represents a DNA gel. Which individuals are most likely the result of asexual reproduction from the same parent? Support your answer.
The individuals W and Z are most likely of asexual reproduction from the same parent because the DNA gel are the same.
Explain why glucose is able to be absorbed across cell membranes but glycogen is unable to be absorbed unless it is broken down.
Glucose can be absorbed across cell membranes, but not glycogen is because glucose is smaller than glycogen. Glycogen is too large to be absorbed.
After fertilization, the development of a human embryo involves many interacting factors. As a result, an embryo gradually develops a variety of multicellular structures. Other than avoiding drugs or toxic substances, identify one action a pregnant woman can take, and explain how that action would have a positive effect on the development of her fetus.
One action a pregnant women can take is regular visits to a doctor to ovoersee the growth of the fetus, detect any problems.
Based on information from the reading, describe one advantage the mole rats have by living in underground tunnels.
One advantage the mole rats have living in underground tunnels is that the temperature is more consistent than the outside environment.
State one reason for the color change in the model cell represented in the final state diagram.
One reason for the color change in the model cell is when the starch indicator molecules moved into the cell, they reacted with the starch to turn it black/ blue black.
Some research indicates that there is a 75% increase in the risk for developing skin cancer if an individual starts using tanning devices such as tanning beds before the age of 30. Since these devices use UV radiation, a federal government agency has issued a proposal to reclassify UV radiation emitting tanning devices into a category that has stricter regulations. State one reason why the use of these devices could increase the risk of developing skin cancer.
One reason why the use of these devices can increase the risk of developing skin cancer is because radiation can damage the genetic information in a cell, causing it to become a cancer cell.
Identify one reproductive adaptation of the female sand tiger shark anatomy and discuss how this provides an advantage to the species.
One reproductive adaptation of the female sand tiger shark anatomy are the two uterine chambers. Each chamber allows for the development of more offspring.
Explain what the students were most likely trying to figure out by performing all these tests on the plants.
Students were trying to figure out which plants are most similar and or closely related.
State one reason why the Galapagos and pink land iguanas can coexist on Wolf Volcano on northern Isabela Island.
The Galapagos and pink land iguanas can coexist on Wolf Volcano is because they have different resource requirements.
The graphs show some of the atmospheric and ice sheet changes that have been observed on Earth. State the trend indicated by the data regarding the Greenland ice sheet and identify one likely human activity that has directly contributed to that trend.
The Greenland ice is decreasing because of the burning fossil fuels. This directly contributes to global warming.
Can the data in the table be used to support the hypothesis the students proposed? Support your answer
The data in the table cannot support the hypothesis because we dont' know how many jumping jacks they could have done before they ate the candy bar.
West Nile virus can cause a disease that attacks the nervous system. The virus is transmitted to humans when they are bitten by an infected mosquito. Researchers studying West Nile virus collected data on how a mosquito's level of dehydration during a drought affects the mosquito's biting behavior. Prior to investigation, researchers studying West Nile virus transmission claimed that wetter conditions lead to more mosquito borne illness. Does the data provided support this claim? Support your answer with specific data.
The data provided does not support the claim because as dehydration increased, so did the feeding, increasing the mosquito borne illness.
Other than cannibalism, identify one way the development of sand tiger shark embryos is different from development in the human species.
The development of sand tiger shark is different from the development of human species because the sharks develop in two uterine chambers, not just one.
Explain what the ecosystem present in this area would most likely look like in 100 or more years if it was decided to prevent all fires in the Albany Pine Bush.
The ecosystem present in this area would probably be a forest of maple or other trees and no longer a pine bush ecosystem.
Explain how the introduction of the wilding pine trees has had both positive and negative effects in New Zealand.
The introduction of the wilding pine trees has had positive and negative effects in New Zealand because the trees helped replace native tree species, which helped the lumber industry, but had negative effects on ohter native plants and animals because they involved their areas.
Using information from the graphs, state a likely reason why the population of trout and whitefish disappeared around 1960.
The population of trout and whitefish disappeared because they cannot survive in water with. high level of sewage waste.
The models below illustrate two methods that can be used to modify the characteristics of plants. Does the production of many "bigger and sweeter" apples required the selective breeding of two different apple varieties each time? Support your answer.
The production of bigger and sweeter apples does not require selective breeding of two different apple varieties because once they crossed with each other, most offspring would produce these newere apples.
Describe how the relationship between the mole rat and intestinal bacteria is positive for both.
The relationship between mole rate and intestinal bacteria is positive for both because they both absorb the nutrients after the bacteria digest the fibers.
Some biologists claimed that the rapid population growth rate would not negatively affect the wildebeest population and decided not to interfere and let the herd grow. Describe evidence from the graph that supports their claim.
The size of the population remained stable from about 1978 to 1991.
Predict which student will show the lowest average pulse rate throughout the afternoon. Support your answer.
The student with the lowest average pulse rate throughout the afternoon was Student B. Student B was the least active and most likely to have a slower pulse than the other students who were more active.
Mole rats more effectively repair DNA errors than mice. Explain why scientists claim this contributes to the longer lifespan of mole rats compared to mice.
This contributes to the longer life span of mole rats because without repairing damaged DNA, the mole rats would be at a greater risk of earlier death.
Different species of the Galapagos finches have beaks of unique shapes and sizes. These differences are most likely due to finches
adapting to different environments over many generations
The primary reason the occurrence of periodic fires helps to maintain the Pine Bush ecosystem is because the fires
maintain the diversity of plants that are well adapted to the Pine Bush ecosystem.
In both methods of reproduction, scientists are trying to produce desired traits by manipulating the:
variation in genes inherited
