LLU MS ATI Pharmacology

a nurse is caring for a school-age child who requires a IV access prior to a tonsillectomy, what should the nurse do to ensure the child is comfortable when initiating IV access?

apply a local anesthetic to the child's skin

client is postoperative & hypertensive. to confirm that you're administering to the correct client, what should you do to confirm identity?

ask client to state name and phone number

teaching a client who has a new prescription for montelukast about using the medication to prevent exercise induced bronchospasm. what should the nurse include?

take the medication 2hr before exercising; it's a 10 mg TABLET, not inhalation med

a nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has fibromyalgia and a new prescription of pregabalin. which of the following history should the nurse report to the provider?

the client is breastfeeding

A nurse is teaching a client who is starting to take amitriptyline. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching as an adverse effect of the medication?

urinary retention

a nurse is assessing a client who is receiving cefaclor to treat respiratory infection. what should the nurse identify as an indication of allergic reaction?

urticaria (hives)

A nurse is planning to teach about the use of a spacer to a child who has a new prescription for a fluticasone inhaler to treat chronic asthma. The nurse should include that the spacer decreases the risk for which of the following adverse effects of the medication?

Oral candidiasis

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking glyburide. The client reports feeling confused and anxious. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Perform a capillary blood glucose test

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who is receiving heparin via continuous IV infusion for deep - vein thrombosis. The nurse should discontinue the medication infusion for which of the following client findings?

Platelets 96,000/mm^3 (expected range 150,000 - 400,000) indicate heparin induced thrombocytopenia

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking digoxin for heart failure. Which of the following result should the nurse report to the provider?

Potassium level 2.8 (hypokalemia that increase risk of digoxin toxicity and cardiac dysrhythmias)

A nurse is caring for a 20 year old female client who has a prescription for isotretinoin for severe nodulocystic acne vulgaris. Before the client can obtain a refill, the nurse should advise the client that which of the following tests is required?

Pregnancy test (must provide two negative pregnancy tests)

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking allopurinol for the treatment of gout. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Drink 2 L of water daily

adolescent client taking methylphenidate for ADHD. what should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication is effective?

"i can get through my homework without giving in to distractions"

Red man syndrome

-flushing -hypotension -tachycardia

IV vesicant drugs

-vancomycin -digoxin -chemotherapeutic agents

A nurse is caring for a client who received 0.9% sodium chloride 1L over 4hr instead of over 8hr as prescribed. Which of the following information should the nurse enter as a complete documentation of the incident?

0.9 % sodium chloride 1 L IV infused over 4 hr. Vital signs stable, provider notified(type, amount, time, status)

A nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled antibiotic at 0800 to a client and discovers the antibiotic is not present in the client's medication drawer. The nurse should identify that administration of the medication can occur at which of the following time periods without requiring an incident report?

0830 (30 min before/ after)

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for methylprednisolone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

1. Blood glucose levels will be monitored during therapy ( medication increase serum glucose level & require management) 2. Avoid contact with people who has known infection (medication decreased immunity putting patient at increased risk for infection) 3. Grapefruit juice can increase the effects of the medication

A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who has a new prescription for simvastatin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

1. Report muscle pain to the provider. 2. Avoid taking the medication with grapefruit juice. 5. Expect therapy with this medication to be lifelong.

A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 400 mL IV to infuse over 1 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min?

100 gtt/min

A nurse is caring for the parent of a newborn. The parent asks the nurse when their newborn should receive the first diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine (DTaP). The nurse should instruct the parent that their newborn should receive the immunization at which of the following ages?

2 months (1st dose)

A nurse is preparing to administer ciprofloxacin 15 mg/kg PO every 12 hr to a child who weighs 44 Ib. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose?

300 mg

A nurse is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride 1,000 ml IV over 8 hr to a client. The drip factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min?

31 gtt/min

A nurse at an urgent care clinic is collecting a history from a female client who has a UTI. The nurse anticipates a prescription for ciprofloxacin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indicates a contraindication for administering this medication?

I have tendonitis, so I haven't been able to exercise (risk of tendon rupture)

A nurse is teaching a group of unit nurses about medication reconciliation. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A transition in care requires the nurse to conduct medication reconciliation

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute acetaminophen toxicity. The nurse should anticipate administering which of the following medications?

Acetylcysteine (antidote that prevent injury when given orally or IV within 8 to 10 hr)

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Administer the medication outside the 5 cm (2 in) radius of the umbilicus.

A nurse is teaching a client about the use of risedronate for the treatment of osteoporosis. The nurse should identify which of the following statements as an indication that the client understands the teaching?

I should sit up for 30 minutes after taking the risedronate. (c/i to a client who cannot sit or stand upright for this length of time)

A nurse is teaching a client about warfarin. The client asks if they can take aspirin while taking the warfarin. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Aspirin will increase the risk of bleeding

A nurse is an emergency department is caring for a client who has myasthenia gravis and is in a cholinergic crisis. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Atropine (reverse cholinergic toxicity)

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving mannitol via continuous IV infusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Bibasilar crackles (heart failure and pulmonary edema)

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I should tell my provider if I develop a sore throat (neutropenia)

postoperative 2 days, the client is receiving morphine through a PCA pump. what statement by the client indicates an understanding of the use of morphine via PCA pump?

I sit at the side of the bed for a couple minutes before i stand up

A nurse is teaching about a new prescription for ciprofloxacin to a client who has a urinary tract infection. The nurse should identify which of the following statements as an indication that the client understands the teaching?

I will report any signs of tendon pain or swelling -risk of tendon rupture in older adult

A nurse is instructing a client on the application of nitroglycerin transdermal patches. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I will take the patch off right after my evening meal

A nurse is teaching a client about cyclobenzaprine. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the teaching is effective?

I will taper off the medication before discontinuing it (prevent abstinence syndrome or rebound insomnia)

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin therapy via continuous IV infusion to treat a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication and report to the provider?

Blood in the urine (heparin toxicity)

A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who wants to begin taking oral contraceptives. The nurses should identify that which of the following client medications will interfere with the effectiveness of oral contraceptives?

Carbamazepine (cause accelerated inactivation of oral contraceptive by action on hepatic medication metabolizing enzymes)

A nurse administers a dose of metformin for a client instead of the prescribed dose of metoclopramide. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Check the client's blood glucose

A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking oral morphine and docusate sodium. The nurse should instruct the client that taking the docusate sodium daily can minimize which of the following adverse effects of morphine?

Constipation

A nurse is teaching a client who is to start taking hydrocodone with acetaminophen tablets for pain. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Decreased respiration might occur

A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypertension and is to start taking metoprolol. Which of the following intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Determine apical pulse prior to administering (pulse rate less than 60/min - notify provider for bradycardia)

A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has hypocalcemia and a new prescription for IV calcium gluconate. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications can interact with calcium gluconate?

Digoxin (increased toxicity)

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who tells the nurse, "I don't want to take my fluid pill until I get home today." Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Document the refusal and inform the client's provider (verify understanding of refusing medication)

A nurse is administering donepezil to a client who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

Dyspnea (caused by bronchoconstriction due to increased Ach level)

A nurse is assessing a client after administering a second dose of cefazolin IV. The nurse notes the client has anxiety, hypotension, and dyspnea. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?

Epinephrine (to induce vasoconstriction and bronchodilation during anaphylaxis)

A nurse is an emergency department is caring for a client whose family reports the client has taken large amounts of diazepam. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?

Flumazenil (antidote to reverse benzodiazepine)

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new prescription for sucralfate. Which of the following actions of sucralfate should the nurse include in the teaching?

Forms a protective barrier over ulcers (mucosal protectant)

A nurses is assessing a client's vital signs prior to the administration of PO digoxin. The client's BP is 144/86 mm Hg, heart rate is 55/min, and respiratory rate is 20/min. The nurse should withhold the medication and contact the provider for which of the following findings?

Heart rate

which of the following statements by the client indicate melatonin is effective?

I am sleeping much better since i started the melatonin

A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who has a new prescription for lithium. The nurse should identify that the client should discontinue which of the following over the counter medications?

Ibuprofen (NSAID increase Li level)

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has gout. The nurse discovers that an error was made during the previous shift and the client received atenolol instead of allopurinol. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Obtain the client's blood pressure (atenolol - hypotension)

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking propylthiouracil for the treatment of Graves' disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication has been effective?

Increase in ability to focus

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving filgrastim. Which of the following findings should the nurse document to indicate the effectiveness of the therapy?

Increased neutrophil count (bone marrow stiumulated)

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is taking bupropion as an aid to quit smoking. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?

Insomnia (by atypical antidepressant of bupropion)

weakness, anxiety, confusion, sweating and seizures

Manifestation of hypoglycemia

A nurse is assessing a client who has myasthenia gravis and is taking neostigmine. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect?

Miosis (pupillary constriction due to excessive muscarinic stimulation)

A nurse is preparing to administer PO sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client who has hyperkalemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Monitor the client for constipation (can lead to fecal impaction)

A nurse receives a verbal order from the provider to administer morphine 5 mg every 4 hours subcutaneously for severe pain as needed. The nurse should identify which of the following entries as the correct format for the medication administration record (MAR)?

Morphine 5mg subcut every 4hr PRN severe pain

A nurse is an emergency department is caring for a client who has heroin toxicity. The client is unresponsive with pinpoint pupils and a respiratory rate of 6/min. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Naloxone (to reverse respiratory depressive effect of heroin, but not too quick since it can cause HTN, tachycardia, n/v, opioid withdrawal)

A nurse is reviewing the ECG of a client who is receiving IV furosemide for heart failure. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of hypokalemia?

Presence of U waves

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal. For which of the following client outcomes should the nurse administer chlordiazepoxide?

Prevent delirium tremens

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a gastric ulcer and a new prescription for famotidine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Report yellowing of the skin

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start treatment for asthma with beclomethasone and albuterol inhalers. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Rinse your mouth after inhaling the beclomethasone (to prevent oropharyngeal candidiasis and hoarseness)

A nurse is planning care for a client who is prescribed metoclopramide following bowel surgery. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

Sedation

a nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is taking a new prescription for transdermal selegiline. the nurse notes an active prescription for fluoxetine. the nurse should notify the provider that taking these 2 medications concurrently can increase the risk for what adverse effect?

Serotonin syndrome -selegiline (MAOI) -SSRI (fluoxetine)

A nurse at a clinic is providing follow - up care to a client who is taking fluoxetine for depression. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?

Sexual dysfunction

A nurse is providing discharge teaching about handling medication to a client who is to continue taking oral transmucosal fentanyl raspberry - flavored lozenges on a stick. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Store unused medication sticks in a storage container

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for ergotamine sublingual to treat migraine headaches. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the instructions?

Take one tablet at onset of migraine

A nurse is assessing a client who has schizophrenia and is taking haloperidol. The nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider as a manifestation of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?

Temperature of 39.7 (103.5)

A nurse is assessing a client 1 hr after administering morphine for pain. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as the best indication that the morphine has been effective?

The client rates pain as 3 on a scale from 0 to 10 (description of pain most accurate)

A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative following an outpatient endoscopy procedure using midazolam. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings as an indication that the client is ready for discharge?

The client's capnography has returned to baseline (gas exchange is adequate)

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetazolamide fr chronic open angle glaucoma. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report?

Tingling of fingers (AE: Diarrhea, Weight loss, Polyuria)

A nurse on the acute care unit is caring for a client who is receiving gentamicin IV. The nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider as an adverse effect of the medication?

Tinnitus (monitor high pitched ringing in ear and headache and notify)

A nurse is caring for a client who is in labor. The client is receiving oxytocin by continuous IV infusion with a maintenance IV solution. The external FHR monitor indicates late decelerations. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Turn the client to a side lying position (reduce risk of uteroplacental insufficiency)

providing teaching to a client who is taking enalapril, the nurse should instruct to report what manifestation to the provider immediately?

angioedema; report any swelling around lips, eyes, tongue

Red man syndrome

What occurs with rapid infusion of vancomycin?

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking bupropion for depression, what is an adverse effect of the medication?

Xerostomia

client reports nausea, vomiting and yellow vision. what medication should the nurse withhold?

digoxin; manifestation of digoxin toxicity other manifestations can be bradycardia, abdominal pain, seeing halos around dark objects

a client is taking warfarin and reports taking acetaminophen 3x a day for arthritis. what statement should the nurse make?

acetaminophen can increase the effects of warfarin -can put client at risk for bleeding -nurse should monitor INR carefully

administering sumatriptan 6mg SQ with a needle-free device to a client with a migraine. what action should the nurse take?

administer no more than total 12mg in 24hr -no more than two 6mg SQ in 24hr -max of 40mg/24H

a nurse is preparing to administer Rho(D) immune globulin to a female who is 6hr postpartum. which of the following actions should the nurse take?

administer the medication IM into the deltoid

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving haloperidol. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?

akathisia

A nurse is administering cefotetan via intermittent IV bolus to a client who suddenly develops dyspnea and widespread hives. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

discontinue the medication IV infusion -change tubing and administer 0.9% sodium chloride by continuous IV infusion

Serotonin syndrome

disorientation, incoordination, fever, hyperreflexia, and tremors

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start taking sumatriptan. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor for and report to the provider?

chest pressure (coronary vasospasms) -another would be heavy arms

a nurse is performing medication reconciliation for a client who is being transferred to a rehabilitation center. what action should the nurse take?

compare a list of current medications with the ones they will take at the rehabilitation facility -the lists should be compared to determine any discrepancies, duplicates, or medications that should be discontinued

what lab result of a client with sepsis and receiving vancomycin should the nurse report before giving the next dose of vancomycin?

creatinine 2.2mg/dL -creatinine range is 0.5-1mg/dL

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is begin taking oxybutynin for urinary incontinence. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching?

dry mouth dry eyes (anticholinergic) blurred vision (increase intraocular pressure)

a nurse is assessing a client who has just received filgrastim for myelosuppression. what should the nurse identify as an allergic reaction to this medication?

dyspnea

teaching a client about taking alendronate, what instructions should be included?

stay upright for at least 30min after taking the medication

assessing a client receiving vancomycin IV through a peripheral vein, the skin around the insertion site is pale, cool, and edematous, and reports burning at the site. what hsould the nurse do first?

stop the infusion

A nurse is teaching a client who is to begin taking tamoxifen for the treatment of breast cancer. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching?

hot flashes (due to estrogen receptor blocking action of tamoxifen)

a nurse is assessing a client who has been receiving IV gentamycin. the nurse should monitor for what sensory deficit

impaired hearing

administering fentanyl buccal tablet to a client, what instructions should the nurse provide?

insert the tablet between cheek & gums

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking tamoxifen to treat breast cancer. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse report to the provider?

leg tenderness (thromboembolism)

0.5-1.0 mg/dL

normal creatinine level

a nurse is assessing a client who has been taking phenytoin for 6 months. what is an adverse effect of the medication?

overgrowth of gum tissue; can cause gingival hyperplasia or overgrowthclient should be instructed to floss, bush teeth and gum massage frequently

monitoring a client who is taking amiodarone to treat ventricular dysrhythmia. what should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

shortness of breath (cardiotoxicity)