Looking at Art Test 1

Artists from which country and artistic period devised the chiaroscuro method of using value to create the illusion of solid forms in two-dimensional artworks?

-Italian, renaissance

Who developed theories on light and its properties that were important for the development of linear perspective?

-Leon Battista Alberti -Mozi -Alhazen

cross hatching

-a variant of hatching in which the lines overlap

shape

-can be actual or implied -are a two dimensional area with defined or implied boundaries that can be measured by height and width

actual line

-can be clearly seen as continuous marks

contour line

-can suggest a volume in space by giving us clues about the changing character of a surface

Which visual techniques give the Rottgen Pieta its powerful expressive effects?

-distortion -asymmmetry -angularity

Miriam Schapiro's collage Baby Blocks contains what kinds of shapes?

-geometric -organic

implied line

-gives us the impression we are seeing a line where there is no continuous mark

In his Obey campaign poster, the street artist Shepard Fairey uses a striking contrast between what types of shape in order to grab the attention of the viewers?

-negative and positive

geometric shape

-rectangular, circular, triangular shape

irregular line

-reflects the wildness of nature, chaos, and accident -sometimes used to reflect an artists drawing and thinking process

The giant spider incised into the landscape in Peru can show us much about which basic elements of art?

-shape -line

This fifteenth-century Italian Renaissance painting of The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul uses what primary method(s) to imply depth?

-size -relative position -overlapping

What elements are responsible for the unsettling energy conveyed by Van Gogh's painting of his bedroom?

-strong vertical lines -varying width of lines -emphatic diagonal lines

line

-the most fundamental element artists use -organize the visible world -define the outline of a shape

negative shape

-the surrounding shape or leftover space

The sixteenth century artist Giovanni Antonio Dosio, in his drawing of the church of Santo Sprinto in florence created an impression of _____________ using _______________ to show the division between _________________.

-three dimensions -line -planes

Lines in two dimensional art have what functions?

-to guide our attention -to define shapes -to communicate direction and movement -to denote texture

Why did Anish Kapoor make his Cloud Gate sculpture in Chicago so smooth and shiny?

-to invite viewers to interact with it -so that it reflects its surroundings

pointillism

-uses the optical qualities of color to create a style of painting -bc it relied on small dots or points of color

directional/compositional line

-using a line to direct our attention to something he or she wants us to notice -can be actual or implied

Which of the following elements are defining attributes of three dimensional art?

-volume -mass -form -texture

positive shape

-when one shape is dominant

What attributes are necessary for defining a two dimensional figure?

-width -height

Yin yang symbol is created out of organic shapes

False- it is composed of regular curves, so it is a geometric shape

high relief

a carved panel where the figures project with a great deal of depth

virtual space

a computer constructed environment that appears three dimensional, allows viewers experiences that seem real

point

a dot or small, circular shape

plane

a form that has height and width but very little depth

in the round

a free standing sculpture that can be viewed from all sides

impressionists

a group of artists who shared an interest in the effects of light and color on the natural world

bas-relief

a sculpture carved with very little depth

high-contrast

a wide separation of values between lights and darks

monochromatic

a work that uses only one hue

space

an expanse of three dimensionality in which objects and events occur

actual space

an expanse with depth, height, and width that surrounds an object or that an object occupies

stela

an upright stone slab decorated with carvings

diagonal lines

are associated with action, motion, and change

cyan, magenta, yellow

can be combined into a subtractive mix that enables designers to produce a real black for printing purposes

tertiary colors

can be created by blending a primary and a secondary color -red-violet

complementary colors

can be found on opposite sides of a color wheel

secondary colors

can be produced by mixing two primary colors -orange, green, and violet

horizontal lines

can suggest calmness and passivity

What is the name for a set of rules, based on precise mathematical proportions, that imposes strict controls on how an artist works and on the appearance of the images that he or she creates?

canon

optical colors

colors our minds create based on the information we receive

vertical line

communicate strength and energy

When using linear perspective in an artwork, it is important to be aware of the area that a person can clearly see when focusing on a single point in space. What is this area called?

cone of vision

hatching

consists of a series of lines close to and parallel to each other

When an artist uses two noticeably different states of an element together, what principle are they applying?

contrast

orthoganals

converging parallel lines

rhythm

created by artists intersperse value and visual texture

surrealists

created work that drew on ideas and images from dreams and the unconscious mind

invented texture

creates an illusion of tactility through the arrangement of lines, colors, and other design elements

high relief

deeply carved

regular line

express control and planning, and impart a sense of cool-headed deliberation and accuracy

analogous colors

fall adjacent to each other on a color wheel and are similar in wavelength

What genre of black and white films from the 1940s was known for its use of especially dark tones?

film noir

What is the name of the perspective technique that is employed when depicting a form at a very oblique angle to the viewer in order to give the impression of depth in space?

foreshortening

What do we call an object that can be defined in three dimensions?

form

A shape made of perfectly straight lines would probably be classified as ________ shape.

geometric

low contrast

image values has a narrow range of values

The type of shape that is not defined by a continuous boundary, but is suggested by dots or lines that do not connect—as in this logo—is referred to by what name?

implied

biomorphic shape

irregular shape

chiaroscuro

is a method of applying value to a two dimensional piece of artwork to create the illusion of a three dimensional solid form

relief

is a work in which forms project from a flat surface, it is designed to be viewed from one side only

Mass

is the actual or illusionary physical bulk of a material that fills a volume

Volume

is the measurable area that an object occupies- it's height width and depth.

highlight

marks the point where the object is most directly lit

additive

mixing the colors of light- adding more color will eventually lead to white light

atmospheric perspective

modifies values, color, and texture to create the sense that some parts of an image are situated further away than others

pigment

our perception of the color of objects is the result of the interaction between light and something in the surface of an object

What do you call a shape on a flat surface that is defined by the empty space surrounding it?

positive

Which three dimensional form is most associated with the ancient egyptians?

pyramid

primary colors

red, yellow, blue -cannot be created by mixing any other two colors

value

refers to light and darkness

contrast

refers to the degree between the lights and the darks in an image

linear perspective

relies on a system where lines appear to converge at points in space

In art, what basic two dimensional element is used to define space?

shape

amorphous shape

shapes without clarity or precise distinction and of uncertain dimension with edges that are difficult to determine

implied texture

texture that contributes to the illusion of reality

wavelength

the distance between the peak of each wave of energy

color

the most vivid element of art and design

value

the relation of one part to another in terms of its lightness and darkness is its value

texture

the tactile quality of a surface

Sculpture

three dimensional artifacts in the round free standing

Relief structures combine which two work of art?

two and three dimensional

isometric perspective

uses diagonal parallels to communicate depth

what is the lightness or darkness of a plane or area called?

value

subtractive color

when two different colored paints containing different colored pigments are mixed, the result tends to be darker