LS 7A Week 6 Launchpad + clicker questions
Disorders of which organelle are often associated with defects in transport from compartment to compartment, resulting in poor sorting of protein components within the cell? 1. the Golgi apparatus 2. plasma membrane 3. plasmids 4. endoplasmic reticulum 5. nucleus
1
In a population of organisms, beneficial and harmful random mutations are retained or eliminated through the process of: 1. selection. 2. folding. 3. expression. 4. conservation. 5. translation.
1
In a protein-coding region, a mutation that replaces a single nucleotide for another always changes the resulting amino acid. 1. False 2. True
1
Ribosomes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes are: 1. similar in structure and translate using the same genetic code. 2. similar in structure and translate using different genetic codes. 4. identical in structure but translate using different genetic codes. 5. identical in structure and translate using the same genetic code.
1
The process of a vesicle fusing with the plasma membrane and depositing its contents into the extracellular space is referred to as: 1. exocytosis. 2. budding. 3. endocytosis. 4. active transport. 5. bridging.
1
The unfolding of a protein by heat or chemical treatment is referred to as: 1. denaturation. 2. disaggregation. 3. uncoupling. 4. hydrolysis. 5. depolymerization.
1
Which of the following brings amino acids to the ribosome for use in translation? 1. tRNA 2. mRNA 3. rRNA
1
Which of the following occurs in the A site of the ribosome during translation? 1. An incoming charged tRNA binds to this site. 2. None of the other answer options is correct. 3. An uncharged tRNA is ejected from this site as the ribosome slides to the next codon. 4. The tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide moves to this site as the ribosome slides to the next codon.
1
Which of the following are processed in the Golgi apparatus? (Select all that apply.) 1. integral membrane proteins of the plasma membrane 2. proteins that will be broken down by lysosomes 3. enzymes required for the synthesis of phospholipids 4. mRNA molecules for the removal of introns 5. proteins that are secreted from the cell
1 2 and 5
A region of a polypeptide that folds in a particular way, relatively independently of the rest of the molecule, is a folding: 1. exon. 2. domain. 3. region. 4. segment. 5. lariat.
2
Binding sites for tRNA are located in: 1. the small ribosomal subunit. 2. the large ribosomal subunit. 3. both ribosomal subunits. 4. neither ribosomal subunit.
2
Most proteins retain metabolic activity when denatured. 1. True 2. False
2
Protein families contain proteins with identical primary, secondary, and tertiary structures. 1. False 2. True
2
The fully folded structure of a functional protein composed of a single polypeptide chain is referred to as the _____ structure. 1. primary 2. tertiary 3. secondary 4. quaternary
2
Which of the following organelles could be considered recycling centers of eukaryotic cells? 1. smooth endoplasmic reticulum 2. lysosomes 3. Golgi apparatus 4. the nucleus 5. mitochondria
2
Which one of the following can contribute to a protein's tertiary structure? 1. hydrogen bonding 2. All of the other answer options are correct. 3. covalent bonding 4. van der Waal's forces 5. ionic bonding
2
Secondary structure is characterized by which one of the following types of interactions? 1. the covalent bond between an amino nitrogen and a carboxyl carbon 2. ionic bonding between an acidic R group and a basic R group 3. hydrogen bonding within the peptide backbone 4. hydrogen bonding between R groups of amino acids 5. a covalent bond between two cysteines
3
When a charged tRNA is about to bind to the vacant A site of a ribosome, where is the growing polypeptide? 1. The polypeptide is equally likely to be in any of the three sites. 2. in the A site 3. in the P site 4. in the E site
3
Which of the following actions would affect the secondary, but not primary, structure of a protein? 1. break the ionic bonds between amino acids 2. disrupt the interactions between two different polypeptide chains 3. break the hydrogen bonds between amino acids 4. change the sequence of amino acids
3
Which of the following occurs in the E site of the ribosome during translation? 1. None of the other answer options is correct. 2. The tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide moves to this site as the ribosome slides to the next codon. 3. An incoming charged tRNA binds to this site. 4. An uncharged tRNA is ejected from this site as the ribosome slides to the next codon.
4
Which of the following occurs in the P site of the ribosome during translation? 1. An incoming charged tRNA binds to this site. 2. None of the other answer options is correct. 3. An uncharged tRNA is ejected from this site as the ribosome slides to the next codon. 4. The tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide moves to this site as the ribosome slides to the next codon.
4
Assuming A-U and G-C pairing between the anticodon and the codon, what anticodon in tRNAMet would pair with the codon 5'-AUG-3'? 1. 5'-AUG-3' 2.5'-GUA-3' 3. 5'-ATG-3' 4. 5'-UAC-3' 5. 5'-CAU-3'
5
Proteins that prevent inappropriate folding of newly synthesized proteins are called: 1. synthetases. 2. ribosomes. 3. polymerases. 4. enzymes. 5. chaperones.
5
The interactions between amino acids are major factors in determining the shape of a protein. These interactions can be affected by the environment surrounding a protein. Which of the following would have an effect on the shape of a protein? 1. the concentrations of ions present in the environment 2. whether the other molecules in the environment are predominantly hydrophilic or hydrophobic 3. the temperature of the environment 4. the pH of the environment 5. All of the other answer options are correct.
5
Two major types of protein secondary structures are referred to as: 1. residual and permanent. 2. elementary and primary. 3. ionic and covalent. 4. amino and carboxyl. 5. α helix and β sheet.
5