Lymphatic

The end result of the classical and alternative pathway of complement activation is

Activated C3B attached to the cell wall

All of the following are true of the thymus gland except that it A) produces T cells B) reaches its greatest relative size during the second year of life. C) lies in the mediastinum D) involves after puberty E) activates B cells

Activates B cells

Immunity that results from vaccination against influenza is classified as __________.

Artificially acquired active immunity

An abnormal cell would be identified by the immune system because it showed

Class I MHC proteins with an antigen bound.

natural killer cells (NK cells) a)engage in immunological surveillance b)recognize and kill cancer cells c)cause abnormal cells to undergo lysis d) NK cells perform all of these roles

NK cells perform all of these roles

An important protein in the activation of the alternative pathway of complement activation is

Properdin

Helper T cells do all the following except A)Enhance nonspecific defenses B)Attract macrophages to the affected area C)trigger B-cell division, plasma cell maturation, and antibody production D)provide a rapid response to a future exposure to the antigen E) enhance production of memory and cytotoxic T cells

Provide a rapid response to a future exposure to the antigen.

The cell that dominates the deep cortical region of a lymph node is the ____ cell

T

A measure of antibody level in the plasma is

antibody titer

What type of immunity develops after receiving a vaccine

artificially acquired active immunity

The cell directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ___ cells

cytotoxic T

T cells and B cells can be activated only by

exposure to a specific antigen at a specific site in a plasma membrane

immunoglobulins that are most abundant and are responsible for resistance against many viruses, bacteria, and bacterial toxins are

gig

During the primary response, which antibody peaks sooner? During the Secondary response, which antibody level is higher

igM;IgG

A sensitized B cells typically is not activated until

it binds a helper T cells that release cytokines

The lymphoid tissue of the spleen ("white pulp") contains many ______-

lymphocytes

Which class of cells is particularly abundant in the red pulp of the spleen?

macrophages

Hormones of the immune system include all of the following, except A) interleukins. B) interferons. C) natriuretic factor. D) thymosins. E) tumor necrosis factor.

natriuretic factor

Immunity that results from antibodies that pass through the placenta from mother to fetus is called ________ immunity. A) active B) naturally acquired passive C) passive D) auto E) innate

naturally acquired passive

The process of which antibodies bind to antigen sites on viruses or toxins, rendering them incapable of binding to other cells, is called

neutralization

All of the following are characteristics of adaptive defenses except A)Present at birth B)versatility C)specificity D)memory E)tolerance

present at birth

innate defenses include all of the following except _________ a)destruction of abnormal cells by NK cells b)production of antibodies c)phagocytes d)fever

production of antibodies

A crime scene investigator found that a biological fluid sample contains a large amount of IgA-type antibody. This fluid is probably

tears

an example of an immunodeficiency disease is ___________

type 1 diabetes