Lymphatic and Immune Study Guide
Thymosin
is a hormone.
A febrile seizure is a seizure that
is caused by a fever
The lymphatic circulation
is most closely associated with the venous side of the circulation.
An antipyretic drug
lowers a fever
B and T cells are
lymphocytes
Which group is incorrect?
nonspecific immunity: inflammation, NK cells, fever, T cells
A person has severe streptococcal pharyngitis (sore throat). He is most likely to develop
painful cervical lymph nodes
A person has a severe streptococcal pharyngitis (sore throat). He is most likely to develop
painful cervical lymph nodes.
The subclavian veins
receive lymph from the large lymphatic ducts.
The thoracic duct
receives lymph from large lymphatic vessels that drain the left side of the body.
The spleen?
removes worn-out blood cells from circulation.
A severe anaphylactic reaction causes death by
respiratory obstruction
The plasma cells
secrete antibodies
An overly active spleen may prematurely remove platelets from the circulation, thereby predisposing a person to
thrombocytopenia and bleeding
What is (are) the lymphoid structure(s) that are generally removed during a mastectomy?
Axillary lymph nodes
What is (are) the lymphoid structure(s) that is (are) generally removed during a mastectomy?
Axillary lymph nodes
Which of the following represents specific immunity?
B and T cells
Which of the following are most associated with plasma and antibodies?
B cells
Which of the following are most associated with plasma cells and antibodies?
B cells
Which of the following words are least characteristic of phagocytes?
IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE
What is the term that refers to the use of dead or attenuated pathogens to stimulate antibody production?
Immunization
Which of the following conditions is most common in people with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)?
Infections
Redness, heat, swelling, and pan are indicative of
Inflammation
Which of the following describes the effects of phagocytosis?
Ingestion and destruction of pathogens and other foreign substances
The plasma cells are least related to
Interferons
This is a group of proteins secreted by virally infected; the proteins prevent viral replication.
Interferons
Where does lymph originally come from?
Interstitium
Where does the lymph originally come from?
Interstitium
A lacteal is located within the
Intestinal villus
Which of the following is true about nonspecific immunity?
It includes processes such as inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever
Which of the following T cells destroy pathogens by punching holes in their cell membrane and secreting lymphokines?
Killer
With which of the following are lymph nodes populated?
Lymphocytes and macrophages
Lymph from the right arm and the right side of the head and thorax drains into the?
Right lymphatic duct
This organ engages in erythropoiesis in the fetus, produces lymphocytes in the adult, and stores platelets.
Spleen
The right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct empty into the
Subclavian veins
Which cell engages in cell to cell combat?
T cell
Which of the following are classified as killer, helper, suppressor, and memory?
T cells
What is the primary concern regarding the care of a person experiencing an anaphylactic reaction?
The inability to breathe
Antibodies
- Include IgG, IgM, and IgE - Are secreted by plasma cells - react with antigens, causing agglutination - All of the above are true
Which of the following is true of the T cell?
- It is activated in response to a specific antigen - It engages in cell-mediated combat - Its clones include killer T cells, helper T cells, suppressor T cells, and memory T cells - All of the above are true
IgE, IgA, IgM, and IgG are
Antibodies
If proteins are allowed to accumulate in the interstitial space, they will
"hold water" and cause edema
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks the helper T cells, thereby
- Depressing T-cell function - Making the person more susceptible to infection - Depressing B-cell function - All of the above are true
Which of the following stimulates memory cells to produce antibody-secreting plasma cells?
A booster shot
Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause a platelet deficiency?
A hyperactive spleen
Lymphatic capillaries
Absorb tissue fluid and transport it toward the heart
Which of the following is true of the B cell?
Activated in response to a specific antigen
Which of the following is not a step in the activation of a B lymphocyte?
Activation of cells that engage in cell-to-cell combat
What is the name of a severe hypersensitivity reaction?
Anaphylaxis
Which of the following is true of activation of mast cells?
Causes the release of histamine
What is the name of the lymph nodes that drain the head and neck region?
Cervical
Which group is incorrect?
Chemical barriers: skin, mucous membrane, tears, sneezing
Which group is incorrect?
Chemical barriers: tears, saliva, stomach acid, B cells, T cells
Which of the following protective proteins swarm(s) the surface of a pathogen, punching holes in the membrane and enhancing phagocytosis?
Complement
Which of the following is characterized by a local tissue response to T cell activity?
Contact dermatitis
Lymph node dissection is most likely to cause?
Edema`
Which of the following is the treatment of choice for an anaphylactic reaction?
Epinephrine and steroid
With which of the following is MALT least associated?
Erythropoiesis
The terms pyrexia, febrile, and pyrogenic all refer to?
Fever
Which of the following is true of Kupffer cells?
Fixed macrophages
A person has an infection and his phagocytes respond appropriately by releasing pyrogens, thereby resetting the body's thermostat. What happens next?
He shivers, thereby producing heat.
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) produces severe impairment of the immune system by attacking which cells?
Helper T cells
Which cells secrete a cytokine that stimulates both T and B cells?
Helper T cells
Binding of the bee venom allergen to antibodies on the mast cells causes a massive release of which substance?
Histamine
The spleen, thymus gland, tonsils, and lymph nodes are?
Lymphoid organs
Which of the following cells engulf the pathogen to achieve "antigen presentation"
Macrophages
Which of the following cells engulf the pathogen to achieve "antigen presentation"?
Macrophages
The purpose of vaccination is to provide an initial exposure to an antigen to stimulate the formation of
Memory cells
Which of the following is least characteristic of the pharyngeal tonsils?
Most commonly removed by tonsillectomy
If you had measles as a child, which of the following best describes your immunity to measles ?
Naturally acquired active immunity
Which of the following indicates why you will not get chickenpox as an adult if you were infected as a child?
Naturally acquired active immunity
A breast-fed infant is initially immune to the same diseases as her mom. Which of the following describes the infant's immunity?
Naturally acquired passive immunity
Which of the following is most related to the placental transfer of antibodies from the mother to the fetus?
Naturally acquired passive immunity
Which group is incorrect
Nonspecific immunity: inflammation, NK cells, fever, T cells
Which of the following best describes the function of macrophages?
Phagocytosis and antigen presentation
Which of the following describes the function of macrophages?
Phagocytosis and antigen presentation
What structures are located near the opening of the nasal cavity in the upper throat and are also called the adenoids?
Pharyngeal tonsils
Which of the following is (are) most related to antibody-mediated immunity?
Plasma cells
Which of the following is not a step in T-cell activation?
Production of antibody-secreting plasma cells
Why does lymph contain protein?
Protein leaks out of the capillaries into the tissue spaces and is absorbed into the lymphatic capillaries.
Which of the following words means "fever producing"?
Pyrogenic
which of the following words means "forever producing"?
Pyrogenic
Which of the following best explains the secondary response to a booster shot?
The presence of memory cells that can quickly produce plasma cells
Which of the following is most associated with a low plasma level of antibodies?
The primary response
What happens if the lymphatic vessels and nodes are removed from the right axillary region?
The right arm will become edematous
Which of the following best describes the lymphatic capillaries?
They have large pores and follow venous pathways.
Which of the following is least associated with tonsils?
Thrombopoiesis
What structure is concerned with the processing and maturation of T lymphocytes?
Thymus gland
Which lymphoid organ is located in the ventral cavity, thoracic cavity, and mediastinum?
Thymus gland
What is the term that refers to the level of antibodies in your blood?
Titer
What is the term that refers to the removal of the palatine tonsils?
Tonsillectomy
Which of the following is (are) described as partially encapsulated lymph nodes located in the throat area?
Tonsils
What is the name of the toxin that has been altered so that it is harmless yet still antigenic?
Toxoid
Which of the following best describes an abscess?
Walled off area of dead cells and their secretions
Which of the following best describes abscess?
Walled-off area of dead cells and their secretions
What is the effect of a massive release of histamine?
Wheezing and hypotension
A young woman is diagnosed with breast cancer. She is more apt to have
a sentinel node biopsy before the mastectomy is preformed
Which of the following is true about lymph? It is
absorbed by lymphatic capillaries from the interstitium
An allergen is a(n)
antigen
Plasma Cells
are B-cell clones
The redness and heat associated with inflammation
are due to the release of histamine from inured tissue: it dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow to the inflamed area
The inguinal lymph nodes
are located in the groin
Complement and interferons
are protective proteins that enhance the immune response to infection
An antigen-antibody interaction
causes agglutination
Inflammation is
characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain
Red pulp and white pulp?
compose splenic tissue
A vaccine
conveys active immunity
Phagocytosis
does not require a specific antigen.
Elephantiasis is
edema formation in response to impaired lymphatic drainage
The Kupffer cells are fixed macrophages within the walls of the hepatic sinusoids and
engage in phagocytosis of pathogens in the blood coming from the organs of digestion.
Lymph is
formed from tissue fluid.
Because antibodies are carried by the blood, this type of immunity is also called
humoral immunity
Memory cells
increase the response time to an antigen.
A booster
increases antibodies to an antigen
A booster?
increases antibodies to an antigen
