Macromolecules

Explain what makes a fat saturated or unsaturated?

Saturated lipids don't have any double bonds, but unsaturated lipids do.

Choose one amino acid and draw its structure. Circle the part of the molecule that is the "amino group."

The Asparatic acid has C (carbon) with a single bond to NH3 (ammonia) is the amino group of the acid.

What is the role of waxes?

Waxes are used to coat and protect things in nature, such as protecting the inside of your ears, or preventing evaporation of water from a plats leaves.

What is meant by the scientific term "blob?"

The term "blob" means that the tertiary structures fold together and wind, and entwine, in and out of each other.

How many essential amino acids are there?

There are nine essential amino acids for human life to exist.

What makes a substance an acid?

To make a substance an acid it needs a carboxyl group and a conjugate base.

What is a double helix?

A double helix is a shape like a twisty ladder which is the shape of DNA.

What makes up a substance base?

A substance is a base if it has more hydroxide ions than Hydrogen ions.

What are the three elements found in sugars?

All sugars have 3 elements, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen.

Compare the energy values of a carbohydrate molecule versus a fat molecule.

Fat molecules carry more energy than carbohydrates.

What is the full name of DNA?

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.

What are two main parts of lipid?

Glycerol and fatty acids are the two main parts of a lipid.

What are the three parts to a nucleotide?

Nucleotides are made up of a five-carbon sugar, a base that has nitrogen (N) atoms, and an ion of phosphoric acid known as phosphate.

How does the basic structure of a steroid differ from other macromolecules such as carbohydrates?

Steroids have a four ring structure, which carbohydrates don't have.

Why is sugar considered a good organic compound?

Sugar is considered an organic compound, because it is made up of a long chain of carbon atoms.

How many steps or structures are involved in folding a protein?

The secondary structure twists the primary structure, which either spirals into an alpha helix, or folds into a beta sheet,Quaternary structures also fold tertiary structures together.

What is formed when amino acids form long chains or polymerize?

When amino acids form long chains, they create proteins.

According to the web site what do potatoes, wood and lobster shells have in common?

Potatoes, wood, and lobster shells all are polysaccharides.

What is the difference between a monosaccharide and a disaccharide? Provide examples of each.

The difference between monosaccharides and disaccharides is that monosaccharides have only one molecule whereas disaccharides have two. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose and fructose. Disaccharides include starches.

What are the five monomer units of a NA?

The five monomers of Nucleic acids are uracil, cytosine, thymine, adenine, and guanine.