MAN 4143 Exam 2 Quizzes and Homework CH 6,7,8,9

According to Ralph Stogdill, which of the following are conclusions of research studies that looked at whether certain personality traits, physical attributes, intelligence, or personal values differentiated leaders from followers?

1. People who were smart or willing to take charge were often more successful at building teams than people who were less smart or not fond of giving orders. 2. People who were grumpy or iumplusive were often less successful at influencing a group to accomplish its goals than people who were smart or conscientious.

Identify the limitations about the Myers-Briggs Type indicator (MBTI)

1. The test suffers from the Forer effect. 2. The MBTI dimensions and types are unrelated to career success or leadership effectiveness.

Identify the true statements about personality typologies.

1. They tend to put people into discrete psychological categories. 2. Each personality type is conceptualized as a continuum along which people can vary.

Identify true statements about the Myers-Briggs Type indicator (MBTI)

1. Types can and do alter over time. 2. The four preference dimensions overlook critical aspects of personality, such as neuroticism.

Which of the following statements about 360-degree feedback is most likely true?

360-degree feedback should be built around a competency model.

Which of the following is Reuven Bar-On's definition of emotional intelligence?

A set of 15 abilities necessary to cope with daily situations and get along in the world.

Which of the following is Reuven bar-On's definiton of emotional intelligence?

A set of 15 abilities necessary to cope with daily situations and get along in the world.

In the context of the factors affecting motivation at work, which of the following statements is true of the operant approach?

A shortcoming of the operant technique is that situational factors can overwhelm the effectiveness of a reward program.

_______ intelligence is important when leaders face new or novel situations

Analytic intelligence

According to Hogan and Warrenfelz, competencies concerned with analyzing issues, making decisions, and startegic thinking fall into the ______ category

Business skills

Which statement about empowerment and the operant approach is most likely true?

By changing a particular situation, leaders can enhance followers' motivation, performance, and satisfaction.

The ability to produce work that is both novel and useful uses which type of intelligence?

Creative

The inventor of velcro had a high level of which type of intelligence?

Creative

In the context of factors affecting motivation at work, which of the following statements is true of empowerment?

Delegating leadership and decision making down to the lowest level possible is a component of empowerment.

According to the Five Factor Model (FFM) or OCEAN model of personality, which of the following dimensions primarily involves behaviors that are highly likely to be exhibited in group settings and are generally concerned with getting ahead in life?

Domain specific

Which of the following statements about goals is most likely false?

Easily attainable goals result in higher levels of effort and performance.

Which of the following is true regarding the measurement and development of emotional intelligence?

Emotional intelligence can be developed

An individual scoring high on which of the following would be described as outgoing, competitive, and outspoken?

Extraversion.

Which of the following is NOT part of the Myers-Briggs Type indicator test?

Extrinsic - Intrinsic

Which of the following are pairs in the Myers-Briggs Type indicator?

Extroverted or Introverted

T or F: Like personality traits and preferences, intelligence is relatively easy to change.

False

T or F: The MBTI shows that types tend to be stable over time.

False

T or F: Traits are the only way to describe stereotypical behaviors.

False. Traits are one of the different ways to describe stereotypical behaviors. An alternative framework to describe the differences in people's day-to-day behavioral patterns is through types, or in terms of a personality typology.

T or F: Differing dimensions of emotional intelligence have contributed to the conflicting researchg results.

False: Because researchers have defined emotional intelligence differently and use a different process to evaluate EQ, these instruments often provide leaders with conflicting results.

T or F: as compared to the OCEAN model, the mixed model of emotional intelligence is significantly better at predicting performance/

False: Research shows that the mixed model is no more predictive of job performance than OCEAN personality assessments.

One of the earliest leadership theories, the _______, stated that leaders and followers are fundamentally different from each other

Great Man theory

A leader who scores ______ on the conscientiousness dimension of the Five Factor Model is likely to be a more effective leader than an individual who scores ______ on the conscientiousness dimension.

High, Low

Which of the following is not true of more intelligent leaders as compared to those who are less intelligent?

Intelligent leaders are slower on their feet.

Which of the following is not true of more intelligent leaders ass compared to those who are less intelligent?

Intelligent leaders are slower on their feet.

Researchers at the University of Michigan concluded that there are four categories of leadership behaviors related to effective group performance. Identify a true statement about one of the four categories, interaction facilitation.

It includes those behaviors where leaders act to smooth over and minimize conflicts among followers.

Which of the following statements is most likely true about defensiveness?

It occurs when someone feels threatened.

The ____ states that of one simply works hard and achieves superiror results, then good things will happen.

Just world hypothesis

Which of the following building blocks is relatively easy to change?

Knowledge

The _____ asked leaders to indicate the extent to which they believed different consideration and initiating behaviors were important to leadership success.

Leadership Opinion Questionnaire (LOQ)

An individual who scores ______ on the agreeableness dimension of the Five Factor Model would be better suited for a job as a judge or quality assurance representative than an individual who scores ____ on the same dimension.

Low, High

Which of the following is not one of the four abilities comprising the ability model?

Managing stress.

_____ are internal states of tension or arousal, or uncomfortable states of deficiency that people are motivated to change.

Needs

'I remain calm in pressure situations.' This statement most likely corresponds with which of the following OCEAN personality dimensions?

Neuroticism

As the pace of change in the business world continues to increase we should expect which of the following?

Personality traits to play an increasingly important role in leader behavior.

An individual who is high on the agreeableness dimension of the Five Factor model could be described as all of the following except

Pessimistic

In the context of the fundamental needs that affect motivation, which of the following statements is true of the work of Daniel Pink?

Pink maintained that rewards and punishment work well for motivating employees doing routine and assembly line work.

A leader with ____ intelligence has better coping and problem solving skills to succeed in stressful, rapidly changing situations.

Practical

Knowing how things get done and how to do them requires _______ intelligence

Practical

Which type of intelligence is important when leading in familiar situations?

Practical Intelligence

One meaning of personality refers to the impression a person makes on others. This view of personality emphasizes a person's _______

Public Reputation

In the context of Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, leaders and followers who possess high levels of analytic intelligence

Tend to be quick learners and do well in school

Which of the following concepts was most likely promoted by Boris Groysberg?

The difference between portable and nonportable skills.

Which of the following is NOT likely of a leader scoring high on the personality trait of conscientiousness?

The person would make impulsive decisions

Which theory focuses on what a leader does when solving complex mental problems?

The triarchic theory of intelligence

Identify a true statement about leadership skills according to Hogan and Warrenfelz's four major categories of skills and behaviors found in virtually every organizational competency model.

They are skills and behaviors concerned with building teams and getting results through others.

Which of the following statements is true about leaders who are in the first quadrant of the credibility matrix?

They have a high level of trust and a high level of expertise.

Which of the following statements is true about assertive people?

They take responsibility for what they say.

Researchers at the University of Michigan considered job-centered and employee-centered behaviors to be at opposite ends of a single continuum of leadership behavior.

True

T or F: Studies show that personality is more predicitive of leadership emergence and effectiveness than analytic intelligence

True

T or F: Personality-job performance relationships are stronger when the personality traits being measured have some degree of job relatedness.

True: Personality-job performance relationships are stronger when the personality traits being measured have some degree of job relatedness.

Which type of job would require a higher score on the openess to new experiences dimension of the OCEANS model of personality?

a Musician

In _____, superiors, peers, and direct reports provide ratings on the extent to which target individuals demonstrate too much, just the right amount, or too little strategic, operations, enabling, or forcing leadership behavior for a particular position.

a leadership versatility approach

An individual's tendency to exert effort toward task accomplishment depends partly on the strength of his or her motivation to achieve success. This concept is called

achievement orientation.

Which of the following terms is best described as avoiding interpersonal conflict entirely either by giving up and giving in or by expressing one's needs in an apologetic, self-effacing way?

acquiescence

Work facilitation behaviors are concerned with

acquiring and allocating resources.

According to the OCEAN model, individuals who appear as insensitive, socially clueless, pessimistic, cold, and grump are most likely to score low in

agreeableness

General Problem-solving ability refers to _________ intelligence

analytic

Leaders with ____ intelligence tend to be quick learners, do well in school, see the connections between issues, and have the ability to make accurate decisions, assumptions, and inferences with relatively unfamiliar information

analytic

Which of the following is most likely an example of a noncontingent reward?

annual salary

According to the leadership grid, 9,9 leaders

are the most effective leaders.

Which of the following would most likely result in consistently higher effort and performance?

assigning goals that are both specific and difficult

Research at the University of Michigan assumes that job-centered and employee-centered behaviors are

at opposite ends of a single continuum of leadership behavior

According to the five factor model or OCEAN model of personality, leaders who score high in openess to experience tend to

be big picture thinkers

A leader who is low on the conscientousness dimension is likely to...

be less concerned with following through with commitments.

Performance is best described as

behaviors directed toward an organization's mission.

Which of the following is a key developmental objective of leaders in the second quadrant of the credibility matrix?

building relationships with co-workers

Which of the following is the major theme of characteristics of the operant approach?

changing rewards and punishments to change behavior

whereas each personality factor in the OCEAN model is conceptualized as a continuum along which people can vary, types are usually thouygh of as relatively ____ categories.

discrete

Which of the following involves making judgments about the adequacy of behavior with respect to certain criteria such as work group or organizational goals?

effectiveness

All of the following will stifle creativity in followers except

encouraging collaboration and coordination

According to Goleman's conceptualization of emotional intelligence, the "change catalyst" attribute most likely corresponds to the ______ dimension of the OCEAN model

extraversion

Emmanuel feels more comfortable working alone. He is not very competitive at work and does not like to influence his team. According to the five factor model of personality, Emmanuel is low on

extraversion

Behaviors that are concerned with motivating subordinates to accomplish the task at hand are called _______ behaviors.

goal emphasis

Which of the following is the most powerful determinant of task behavior according to Locke and Latham?

goals

Leaders who score low in neuroticism tend to

hide their emotions

Robert Hogan, who is recognized around the world for his research on leadership over the last 30 years, probably scores ________ on the openess to experience dimension of the OCEAN model of personality

high

Which of the following is not a macro psychological component that underlies empowerment?

influence

Which of the following terms refers to how much a leader emphasizes meeting work goals and accomplishing tasks?

initiating structure

According tot he Five Factor Model or OCEAN model of personality, which of the following statements is most likely true about agreeableness?

it essentially concerns one's need for approval.

Goal emphasis and work facilitation are _____ dimensions of leadership behavior.

job-centered

Which of the following most likely makes up the evaluative component of listening skills?

knowing how well one can paraphrase a sender's message

The _____ component of assertiveness skills concerns knowing where and when not to behave assertively.

knowledge/judgement

In the context of factors that affect worker motivation, which of the following is a macro psychological component that underlies empowerment?

learning

One limitation of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is that it fails to

make specific predictions on what an individual will do to satisfy a particular need.

Which of the following terms is most likely defined as the ability to intentionally pay attention to the present moment while letting go of judgment?

mindfulness

In terms of the underlying causes of performance problems, leaders seem to have the most difficulty in recognizing and rectifying

motivation problems.

The dimension of the OCEAN model of personality that is concerned with how people react to stress, change, failure, or personal criticism is

neuroticism

In the OCEAN model, the personality dimension that is concerned with curiosity, innovative thinking, and assimilating new information is known as

openess to experience

A way to maximize the benefits of a meeting is to

pick a time and place as convenient as possible for all participants.

Unlike leaders who score low in conscientiousness, those who score high in conscientiousness

rarely get into trouble.

In a systems view of communication, identify the immediate next step after "expression."

reception

Reviewing data and facts and identifying the underlying root causes from the information gathered refers to _____ - loop learning

single

Actions such as providing insufficient resources, creating tight time lines and rigid processes, and creating fragmented schedules will act to

stifle the creativity of followers

A situation that is governed by clearly specified rules, demands, or organizational ppolicies in which traits have minimal impact on behavior is called a ________ situation.

strong

Individuals who score low on openess to experience tend to be

tactical

One of the most comprehensive and compelling theories of intelligence developed and tested over the past 30 years is Sternberg's ______ theory of intelligence.

triarchic

In the _____, 10-15 superiors, peers, and direct reports are asked to share a target individual's strengths and areas of improvement as a leader in phone or face-to-face interviews.

verbal 360-degree technique

Unfamiliar, ambiguous situations in which traits are especially important in determining how people behave are called ____________ situations

weak

Which of the following most likely occurs when leaders articulate high expectations for followers?

the Pygmalion effect

which of the following leadership questionnaires measured the extent to which leaders in industrial settings exhibited consideration and initiating structure behaviors

the Supervisory Behavior Description Questionnaire (SBDQ)

Identify the conclusions of research studies summarized by Ralpoh Stogdill that looked at whether cetain personality traits, physical attributes, intelligence, or personal values differentiated leaders from followers.

1. Some characteristics, such as intelligence, initative, stress tolerance, responsibility, and dominance, were modestly related to leadership success. 2. Leaders were not qualitatively differentt from followers; many followers were just as tall, smart, outgoing, and ambitious as the people who were leading them.

which individual would be most likely to be a leader according to CRT?

A fourth year starting quarterback.

Which of the following is the definition of emotional intelligence given by Peter Salovey and John Mayer

A group of mental abilities that help people to recognize their own feelings and those of others

Which type of leader is most likely to be successful?

A leader who can empathize and get along with others.

_____ is an effort to attain objectives by attacking or hurting others.

Aggression

Those higher in neuroticism...

Become nervous, tense, and emotional Tend to lose their tempers when stressed or criticized

Which of the following is not one of the three basic types of intelligence identified by the triarchic theory?

Cognitive intelligence

Unlike individuals who score low in extraversion, individuals who score high in this dimension

Come accross to others as decisive or opinionated.

The______ dimension of the five factor model concerns those behaviors related to people's approach to work.

Conscientous

The Five Factor model includes all of the following except which?

Introversion

Which statement best summarizes the components of empowerment as defined by the authors?

Leaders delegate leadership and decision making down to the lowest level possible and equip followers with the resources, knowledge, and skills necessary to make good decisions.

'I enjoy going to school' is a behavior associated with which of the following factors in the OCEAN model of personality?

Openess to experience

In comparison to knowledge or experience, ______ is/are more easy to change.

Skills/Competencies

Those lower in neuroticism...

Stay cool, calm, and collected Tend to not take failures or mistakes personally

According to Daniel Pink, autonomy refers to

being able to make choices.

The degree to which someone tells others something and ensures that they understand what was said is called

communication effectiveness.

In the context of choosing an appropriate context and medium, oral communication is ideal when

communication needs to be two-way.

The Leadership Grid profiles leader behavior on two dimensions, which are

concern for people and concern for production.

According to the five factor model or the OCEANS model of personality, the dimension of neuroticism is most likely

concerned with how people react to stress, change, failure, or personal criticism.

Which of the following terms refers to how friendly and supportive a leader is toward subordinates?

consideration

Competency models

describe the behaviors and skills managers need to exhibit if an organization is to be successful

Which of the following is the most important step in conducting a meeting?

determining if the meeting is necessary

According to sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, creative intelligence is

the ability to produce work that is both novel and useful

Which of the following theories explains the interesting relationships between leader intelligence and experience levels, and group performance in stressful versus nonstressful conditions?

the cognitive resources theory

Rick Aberman defined emotional intelligence as

the degree to which thoughts, feelings, and actions were aligned